Research Article
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Effect of Energy Drinks on Surface Roughness and Weight Loss of Custom-Made Mouthguard Material

Year 2024, Issue: 3, 79 - 87, 15.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.51122/neudentj.2024.118

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the effect of different drinks on the surface roughness and weight loss of custom-made mouthguard material prepared in two different thicknesses.
Materials and Methods: The custom-made mouthguard material Ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) (4.0x125 mm) was used in the current research. 102 rectangular prism specimens (8 × 8 mm) from two different thickness (3 and 4 mm) were prepared. They were randomly divided into four different groups (n=13), numbered, and initial weight and roughness measurements were recorded. All specimens were then stored in 4 different drinks, including 2 different energy drinks, an isotonic sports drink, and water. At the end of the 7-day and 28-day periods, weight and roughness measurements of the specimens were again performed and recorded. The data were analyzed the repeated measures ANOVA, one-way ANOVA, and the paired sample t tests (α=.05).
Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the weight × beverage and roughness × beverage interactions (p>0.05) both weight and roughness changes of specimens at 0, 7, and 28 days.
Conclusion: Energy drinks and sports drinks have no effect on the surface liquid and weight of the specially produced oral material.

References

  • Knapik JJ, Hoedebecke BL, Rogers GG, et al. Effectiveness of Mouthguards for the Prevention of Orofacial Injuries and Concussions in Sports: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med. 2019;49:1217-32
  • Fernandes LM, Neto JCL, Lima TFR, et al. The use of mouthguards and prevalence of dento-alveolar trauma among athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Traumatol. 2019;35:54-72.
  • Bergman L, Milardović Ortolan S, Žarković D, et al. Prevalence of dental trauma and use of mouthguards in professional handball players. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:199-204.
  • Takahashi M, Bando Y. Effect on thickness of a single-layer mouthguard of positional relationship between suction port of the vacuum forming device and the model. Dent Traumatol. 2021;37:502-9
  • Gage, C. C., Huxel Bliven, K. C., Bay, R. C. Effects of mouthguards on vertical dimension, muscle activation, and athlete preference: a prospective cross-sectional study. Gen Dent, 2015;63, 48-55
  • Verissimo C, Costa PVM, Santos-Filho PCF, et al. Custom-Fitted EVA Mouthguards: what is the ideal thickness? a dynamic finite element impact study. Dent Traumatol. 2016;32:95-102
  • Takahashi M, Araie Y, Satoh Y, et al. Shape change in mouthguard sheets during thermoforming - part 2: effect of the anteroposterior position of the model on mouthguard thickness. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:114-20
  • Takahashi M, Bando Y. Thermoforming method to effectively maintain mouthguard thickness: Effect of moving the model position just before vacuum formation. Dent Traumatol. 2019;35:121-7.
  • AFFAIRS, A. C. O. S. Using mouthguards to reduce the incidence and severity of sports-related oral injuries. J Am Dent Assoc, 2006;137:1712-20
  • Gawlak D, Mierzwińska-Nastalska E, Mańka-Malara K, et al. Assessment of custom and standard, self-adapted mouthguards in terms of comfort and users subjective impressions of their protective function. Dent Traumatol. 2015;31:113-7
  • Gould TE, Piland SG, Caswell S V., et al. National Athletic Trainers’ Association Position Statement: Preventing and Managing Sport-Related Dental and Oral Injuries. J Athl Train. 2016;51:821-39.
  • Tripodi D, Martinelli D, Ciaravino C, et al. The use of casein in sport mouthguards: microbiological and ecological variations in oral cavity. JBRHA, 2018;32, 045-49.
  • Parker K, Marlow B, Patel N et al. A review of mouthguards: effectiveness, types, characteristics and indications for use. Br Dent J. 2017;222:629-33.
  • D’Ercole S, Martinelli D, Tripodi D. Influence of sport mouthguards on the ecological factors of the children oral cavity. BMC Oral Health. 2014;14.
  • Larson N, DeWolfe J, Story M et al. Adolescent Consumption of Sports and Energy Drinks: Linkages to Higher Physical Activity, Unhealthy Beverage Patterns, Cigarette Smoking, and Screen Media Use. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2014;46:181-7.
  • Aljaloud SO. Knowledge and behavior of Saudi University athletes toward energy and sport drinks with emphasis on microbial quality and safety. Progress in Nutrition. 2019;21:170-9.
  • Erdemir U, Yıldız E, Eren MM, et al. Surface hardness of different restorative materials after long-term immersion in sports and energy drinks. Dent Mater J. 2012;31(5):729-36.
  • Bryant S, McLaughlin K, Morgaine K, et al. Elite athletes and oral health. Int J Sports Med. 2011;32(9):720-4.
  • Lun V, Erdman KA, Fung TS, et al. Dietary Supplementation Practices in Canadian High-Performance Athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2012;22:31-7.
  • Cochrane NJ, Yuan Y, Walker GD, et al. Erosive potential of sports beverages. Aust Dent J. 2012;57:359-64.
  • Owens BM, Mallette JD, & Phebus JG. Effects of carbonated cola beverages, sports and energy drinks and orange juice on primary and permanent enamel dissolution. Austin J Dent, 2014;1:1004.
  • Temple JL, Ziegler AM, Epstein LH. Influence of Price and Labeling on Energy Drink Purchasing in an Experimental Convenience Store. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2016;48:54-9.
  • Zaman I, Rozlan SAM, Manshoor B et al. Study of Mouthguard Design for Endurance and Air-Flow Intake. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2017;226:012007.
  • Bochnig MS, Oh MJ, Nagel T, et al. Comparison of the shock absorption capacities of different mouthguards. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:205-13.
  • Fukasawa S, Churei H, Chowdhury RU, et al. Difference among shock-absorbing capabilities of mouthguard materials. Dent Traumatol. 2016;32:474-9.
  • Tuna, E. B., & Ozel, E. Factors affecting sports-related orofacial injuries and the importance of mouthguards. Sports medicine, 2014;44:777-83.
  • Kawai K, Urano M, Ebisu S. Effect of surface roughness of porcelain on adhesion of bacteria and their synthesizing glucans. J Prosthet Dent. 2000;83:664-7.
  • Haddad e Borro, L., de Queiroz, T. S., da Cruz, B. S., Demachkia, A. M., Borges, A. L. S., Tribst, J. P. M., & Paes Junior, T. J. D. A. Enhancing mouthguard longevity: Impact of surface treatment against aging from brushing and disinfectant exposure. Dent Traumatol. 2024
  • Almeida MH, Ceschim GV, Iorio NLPP, et al. Influence of thickness, color, and polishing process of ethylene-vinyl-acetate sheets on surface roughness and microorganism adhesion. Dent Traumatol. 2018;34:51-7.
  • Ribeiro YJS, Delgado RZR, Paula-Silva FWG, et al. Sports mouthguards: Contamination, roughness, and chlorhexidine for disinfection - A randomized clinical trial. Braz Dent J. 2022;32:66-73.
  • Garcia RCMR, Júnior JAS, Rached RN, Del Bel Cury AA. Effectof denture cleansers on the surface roughness and hardness ofa microwave- cured acrylic resin and dental alloys. J ProsthodontImplant Esthetic Reconstruct Dentistry. 2004;13:173-8
  • Machado, A. L., Breeding, L. C., Vergani, C. E., & da Cruz Perez, L. E. Hardness and surface roughness of reline and denture base acrylic resins after repeated disinfection procedures. J. Prosthet. Dent., 2009;102:115-122.
  • Yazkan B. Surface degradation evaluation of different self‐adhesive restorative materials after prolonged energy drinks exposure. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2020;32:707-14.
  • Tanthanuch S, Kukiattrakoon B, Thongsroi T, et al. In vitro surface and color changes of tooth-colored restorative materials after sport and energy drink cyclic immersions. BMC Oral Health. 2022;22:578.

Enerji İçeceklerinin Kişiye Özel Üretilen Mouthguard Materyalinin Yüzey Pürüzlülüğü ve Ağırlık Kaybı Üzerindeki Etkisi

Year 2024, Issue: 3, 79 - 87, 15.10.2024
https://doi.org/10.51122/neudentj.2024.118

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, iki farklı kalınlıkta hazırlanan kişiye özel mouthguard malzemesinin yüzey pürüzlülüğü ve ağırlık kaybı üzerine farklı içeceklerin etkisini araştırmaktır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada özel yapım ağızlık malzemesi Etilen vinil asetat (EVA) (4,0x125 mm) kullanılmıştır. İki farklı kalınlıkta (3 ve 4 mm) 102 dikdörtgen prizma numunesi (8 × 8 mm) hazırlanmıştır. Numuneler daha sonra rastgele dört gruba ayrılmış (n=13), numaralandırılmış ve ilk ağırlık ve pürüzlülük ölçümleri kaydedilmiştir. Tüm numuneler daha sonra 2 farklı enerji içeceği, bir izotonik spor içeceği ve su olmak üzere 4 farklı içecekte saklanmıştır. 7 günlük ve 28 günlük sürelerin sonunda numunelerin ağırlık ve pürüzlülük ölçümleri tekrar yapılmış ve kaydedilmiştir. Veriler tekrarlanan ölçümler ANOVA, tek yönlü ANOVA ve eşleştirilmiş örneklem t testleri ile analiz edilmiştir (α=,05).
Bulgular: Ağırlık × içecek ve pürüzlülük × içecek etkileşimlerinde (p>0,05) 0, 7 ve 28. günlerde numunelerin hem ağırlık hem de pürüzlülük değişimlerinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır.
Sonuç: Enerji içecekleri ve spor içeceklerinin özel olarak üretilen ağız materyalinin yüzey sıvısı ve ağırlığı üzerinde herhangi bir etkisi yoktur.

References

  • Knapik JJ, Hoedebecke BL, Rogers GG, et al. Effectiveness of Mouthguards for the Prevention of Orofacial Injuries and Concussions in Sports: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med. 2019;49:1217-32
  • Fernandes LM, Neto JCL, Lima TFR, et al. The use of mouthguards and prevalence of dento-alveolar trauma among athletes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Dent Traumatol. 2019;35:54-72.
  • Bergman L, Milardović Ortolan S, Žarković D, et al. Prevalence of dental trauma and use of mouthguards in professional handball players. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:199-204.
  • Takahashi M, Bando Y. Effect on thickness of a single-layer mouthguard of positional relationship between suction port of the vacuum forming device and the model. Dent Traumatol. 2021;37:502-9
  • Gage, C. C., Huxel Bliven, K. C., Bay, R. C. Effects of mouthguards on vertical dimension, muscle activation, and athlete preference: a prospective cross-sectional study. Gen Dent, 2015;63, 48-55
  • Verissimo C, Costa PVM, Santos-Filho PCF, et al. Custom-Fitted EVA Mouthguards: what is the ideal thickness? a dynamic finite element impact study. Dent Traumatol. 2016;32:95-102
  • Takahashi M, Araie Y, Satoh Y, et al. Shape change in mouthguard sheets during thermoforming - part 2: effect of the anteroposterior position of the model on mouthguard thickness. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:114-20
  • Takahashi M, Bando Y. Thermoforming method to effectively maintain mouthguard thickness: Effect of moving the model position just before vacuum formation. Dent Traumatol. 2019;35:121-7.
  • AFFAIRS, A. C. O. S. Using mouthguards to reduce the incidence and severity of sports-related oral injuries. J Am Dent Assoc, 2006;137:1712-20
  • Gawlak D, Mierzwińska-Nastalska E, Mańka-Malara K, et al. Assessment of custom and standard, self-adapted mouthguards in terms of comfort and users subjective impressions of their protective function. Dent Traumatol. 2015;31:113-7
  • Gould TE, Piland SG, Caswell S V., et al. National Athletic Trainers’ Association Position Statement: Preventing and Managing Sport-Related Dental and Oral Injuries. J Athl Train. 2016;51:821-39.
  • Tripodi D, Martinelli D, Ciaravino C, et al. The use of casein in sport mouthguards: microbiological and ecological variations in oral cavity. JBRHA, 2018;32, 045-49.
  • Parker K, Marlow B, Patel N et al. A review of mouthguards: effectiveness, types, characteristics and indications for use. Br Dent J. 2017;222:629-33.
  • D’Ercole S, Martinelli D, Tripodi D. Influence of sport mouthguards on the ecological factors of the children oral cavity. BMC Oral Health. 2014;14.
  • Larson N, DeWolfe J, Story M et al. Adolescent Consumption of Sports and Energy Drinks: Linkages to Higher Physical Activity, Unhealthy Beverage Patterns, Cigarette Smoking, and Screen Media Use. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2014;46:181-7.
  • Aljaloud SO. Knowledge and behavior of Saudi University athletes toward energy and sport drinks with emphasis on microbial quality and safety. Progress in Nutrition. 2019;21:170-9.
  • Erdemir U, Yıldız E, Eren MM, et al. Surface hardness of different restorative materials after long-term immersion in sports and energy drinks. Dent Mater J. 2012;31(5):729-36.
  • Bryant S, McLaughlin K, Morgaine K, et al. Elite athletes and oral health. Int J Sports Med. 2011;32(9):720-4.
  • Lun V, Erdman KA, Fung TS, et al. Dietary Supplementation Practices in Canadian High-Performance Athletes. Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2012;22:31-7.
  • Cochrane NJ, Yuan Y, Walker GD, et al. Erosive potential of sports beverages. Aust Dent J. 2012;57:359-64.
  • Owens BM, Mallette JD, & Phebus JG. Effects of carbonated cola beverages, sports and energy drinks and orange juice on primary and permanent enamel dissolution. Austin J Dent, 2014;1:1004.
  • Temple JL, Ziegler AM, Epstein LH. Influence of Price and Labeling on Energy Drink Purchasing in an Experimental Convenience Store. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2016;48:54-9.
  • Zaman I, Rozlan SAM, Manshoor B et al. Study of Mouthguard Design for Endurance and Air-Flow Intake. IOP Conf Ser Mater Sci Eng. 2017;226:012007.
  • Bochnig MS, Oh MJ, Nagel T, et al. Comparison of the shock absorption capacities of different mouthguards. Dent Traumatol. 2017;33:205-13.
  • Fukasawa S, Churei H, Chowdhury RU, et al. Difference among shock-absorbing capabilities of mouthguard materials. Dent Traumatol. 2016;32:474-9.
  • Tuna, E. B., & Ozel, E. Factors affecting sports-related orofacial injuries and the importance of mouthguards. Sports medicine, 2014;44:777-83.
  • Kawai K, Urano M, Ebisu S. Effect of surface roughness of porcelain on adhesion of bacteria and their synthesizing glucans. J Prosthet Dent. 2000;83:664-7.
  • Haddad e Borro, L., de Queiroz, T. S., da Cruz, B. S., Demachkia, A. M., Borges, A. L. S., Tribst, J. P. M., & Paes Junior, T. J. D. A. Enhancing mouthguard longevity: Impact of surface treatment against aging from brushing and disinfectant exposure. Dent Traumatol. 2024
  • Almeida MH, Ceschim GV, Iorio NLPP, et al. Influence of thickness, color, and polishing process of ethylene-vinyl-acetate sheets on surface roughness and microorganism adhesion. Dent Traumatol. 2018;34:51-7.
  • Ribeiro YJS, Delgado RZR, Paula-Silva FWG, et al. Sports mouthguards: Contamination, roughness, and chlorhexidine for disinfection - A randomized clinical trial. Braz Dent J. 2022;32:66-73.
  • Garcia RCMR, Júnior JAS, Rached RN, Del Bel Cury AA. Effectof denture cleansers on the surface roughness and hardness ofa microwave- cured acrylic resin and dental alloys. J ProsthodontImplant Esthetic Reconstruct Dentistry. 2004;13:173-8
  • Machado, A. L., Breeding, L. C., Vergani, C. E., & da Cruz Perez, L. E. Hardness and surface roughness of reline and denture base acrylic resins after repeated disinfection procedures. J. Prosthet. Dent., 2009;102:115-122.
  • Yazkan B. Surface degradation evaluation of different self‐adhesive restorative materials after prolonged energy drinks exposure. J Esthet Restor Dent. 2020;32:707-14.
  • Tanthanuch S, Kukiattrakoon B, Thongsroi T, et al. In vitro surface and color changes of tooth-colored restorative materials after sport and energy drink cyclic immersions. BMC Oral Health. 2022;22:578.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Special Needs Dentistry, Prosthodontics, Dentistry (Other)
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLE
Authors

Tuba Şenocak 0000-0002-9198-8469

Alper Özdoğan 0000-0003-0649-3056

Tuğçe Kavaz 0000-0002-0526-3120

Publication Date October 15, 2024
Submission Date June 20, 2024
Acceptance Date September 23, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver Şenocak T, Özdoğan A, Kavaz T. Effect of Energy Drinks on Surface Roughness and Weight Loss of Custom-Made Mouthguard Material. NEU Dent J. 2024(3):79-87.