Research Article
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CFD Modeling of the One-Ended Inclined Pipe-Tank System

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 361 - 371

Abstract

In this study, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method was used in the numerical analysis of the natural circulation experiments of the one-ended inclined pipe-tank system conducted in the laboratory. As a result of the numerical analysis, velocity vectors and temperature contours were obtained. According to these results, it was concluded that natural circulation exists and that it is more effective near the tank inlet of the inclined pipe and that this effectiveness decreases as one moves towards the closed bottom of the pipe. In addition, when the tank average temperature obtained as a result of the 6-hour experiment is compared with the average tank temperature obtained as a result of the numerical analysis, it is concluded that the thermal regime is provided in the experiments with high power of 600 and 800 W applied to the inclined pipe and that more time is required to provide the thermal regime in the experiments with lower power of 200 and 400 W.00 W.

Ethical Statement

This study was produced from the doctoral thesis titled “Experimental and Numerical Investigation of Natural Circulation Solar Energy System Including Parabolic Trough Solar Collector” submitted on 12/30/2022 under the supervision of Assoc. Prof. Gökhan ARSLAN.

Supporting Institution

Mersin University

Project Number

2018-2-TP3-2936

Thanks

This study was supported by Mersin University Scientific Research Unit with project number 2018-2-TP3-2936. We thank them for their financial support.

References

  • G. Arslan, B. Bayhan, K. Yaman, Mersin/Türkiye için ölçülen global güneş ışınımının yapay sinir ağları ile tahmin edilmesi ve yaygın ışınım modelleri ile karşılaştırılması, Gazi University Journal of Science Part C: Design and Technology. 7(1) (2019), 80-96. doi: 10.29109/gujsc.419473
  • B. Bayhan, G. Arslan, Applicability of solar and wind energy technologies for a non-residential Building, Turkish Journal of Engineering. 2 (1) (2018), 27-34. doi: 10.31127/tuje.341462
  • G. Arslan, B. Bayhan, Solar energy potential in Mersin and a simple model to predict daily solar radiation, Mugla Journal of Science and Technology. Special Issue (2016), 1-4. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/muglajsci/issue/25591/269956
  • M. Hacıbeyoglu, M. Çelik, Ö. E. Çiçek, K en yakın komşu algoritması ile binalarda enerji verimliliği tahmini, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 5(2) (2023), 65-74. doi: 10.47112/neufmbd.2023.10
  • B. Akgayev, S. Akbayrak, M. Yılmaz, M. S. Büker, V. Unsur, Assessing the feasibility of photovoltaic systems in Türkiye: Technical and economic analysis of on-grid, off-grid, and utility-scale pv installations, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 6(1) (2024), 69-92. doi: 10.47112/neufmbd.2024.33
  • A. O. Özkan, H. B. Demı̇r, Fotovoltaik panellerde sıcaklık ve zenit açısının panel güç üretimine etkisi, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 1(1) (2019), 1-9. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/698145
  • M. İ. Özgün, A. B. Batibay, B. Ünal, Y. R. Eker, A. Terlemez, Investigation of the use of TiO2 obtained from endodontic NiTi files in dye-sensitized solar cells, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 5(1) (2023) 1-8. doi: 10.47112/neufmbd.2023.4
  • S. Ata, M. E. Boyacıoğlu, R. Şahin, A. Kahraman, ORÇ ile düşük sıcaklıklı ısı kaynaklarından elektrik üretilmesinde ıslak ve yeni nesil akışkanların çevresel ve termodinamik performanslarının karşılaştırılması, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 2(1) (2021), 1-13. doi: 10.47112/neufmbd.2021.6
  • H. D. Arslan, S. M. A. Bilgili, S. Doğan, Farklı ilkim bölgelerinde TOKİ tip konutlarının doğal havalandırma analizi, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 6(1) (2024), 21-39. doi: 10.47112/neufmbd.2024.30
  • P. M. Malkin, Design of Thermosyphon Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems, M. S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis., USA, 1985.
  • W. P. Akanmu, P. A. Bajere, Investigation of temperature and flow distribution in a serially connected thermosyphon solar water heating collector system, Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy. 5(2) (2015), 56-68. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234668006.pdf
  • R. B. Bejjam, K. K. Kiran, Numerical study on heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid based natural circulation loop, Thermal Science. 22(2) (2018), 885-897. doi: 10.2298/TSCI160826087B
  • J. Li, X. Li, Y. Wang, J. Tu, A theoretical model of natural circulation flow and heat transfer within horizontal evacuated tube considering the secondary flow, Renewable Energy. 147(1) (2020), 630-638. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.08.135
  • K. A. Pleshanov, E. G. Khlyst, M. N. Zaichenko, K. V. Sterkhov, Design of a natural circulation circuit for 85 MW steam boiler, Thermal Science. 21(3) (2017), 1503-1513. doi: 10.2298/TSCI161005320P
  • A. Riahi, H. Taherian, Experimental investigation on the performance of thermosyphon solar water heater in the south caspian sea, Thermal Science. 15(2) (2011), 447-456. doi: 10.2298/TSCI1102447R
  • M. Misale, J. A. Bocanegra, A. Marchitto, Thermo-hydraulic performance of connected single-phase natural circulation loops characterized by two different inner diameters, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer. 125 (2021), 105309. doi: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2021.105309
  • J. A. Bocanegra, A. Marchitto, M. Misale, Thermal performance investigation of a mini natural circulation loop for solar pv panel or electronic cooling simulated by lattice boltzmann method, International Journal of Energy Production and Management. 7(1) (2022), 1-12. https://www.witpress.com/Secure/ejournals/papers/EQ070101f.pdf
  • B. Bayhan, G. Arslan, Theoretical model of natural circulation flow and heat transfer within one-ended inclined pipe, Thermal Science. 26(6B) (2022), 5187-5198. doi: 10.2298/TSCI220402100B
  • B. Bayhan, G. Arslan, Experimental investigation of natural circulating solar energy system including a parabolic trough solar collector, Journal of Solar Energy Engineering. 147(2) (2025). doi: 10.1115/1.4066301
  • M. W. K. Jaber, et al., Transient evolution of thermal stratification and passive flow guidance inside a heat exchanger immersed thermal energy storage tank, Journal of Energy Storage. 88 (2024), 111472. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2024.111472
  • E. Canlı, A. Ates, Ş. Bilir, Developing turbulent flow in pipes and analysis of entrance region., Academic Platform-Journal of Engineering and Science. 9(2) (2021), 332-353. doi: 10.21541/apjes.818717
  • E. Canli, A. Ates, S. Bilir, Numerical Scheme for Dimensionless Natural Convection Analysis of Vertical Pipe, içinde: Proceeding Book, 23rd Congress on Thermal Science and Technology with International Participation. 2021, 1283-1293.
  • E. Canli, A. H. Altun, A. Ates, Hydrodynamic and Thermal Simultaneous Development in Pipes for All the Three Thermal Boundary Condition Types Using CFD, içinde: Proceeding Book, 4th International Conference on Life and Engineering Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey, 2021, 185-205.
  • E. Canli, H. Kucuksariyildiz, K. Carman. Impact assessment of new generation high-speed agricultural tractor aerodynamics on transportation fuel consumption and related phenomena, Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 30(3) (2023), 6658-6680. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22642-4
  • B. Bayhan, Parabolik Oluklu Güneş Kolektörü İçeren Doğal Dolaşımlı Güneş Enerji Sisteminin Deneysel ve Sayısal İncelemesi, Doktora Tezi, Mersin Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Makine Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Mersin, 2022.
  • S. J. Kline, F. A. McClintock, Describing uncertainties in single sample experiments, Mechanical Engineering. 75(1) (1953), 3-8.
  • N. Tokgoz, Ö. Süfer, Hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiğine genel bir bakış, Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 6(3) (2023), 2392-2408. doi: 10.47495/okufbed.1191498

Tek Uçlu Eğimli Boru-Tank Sisteminin HAD Modellemesi

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 361 - 371

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, tek uçlu eğimli boru-tank sisteminin laboratuvarda yapılan doğal dolaşım deneylerinin sayısal analizinde Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği (HAD) yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Sayısal analiz sonucunda hız vektörleri ve sıcaklık konturları elde edilmiştir. Bu sonuçlara göre, doğal dolaşımın var olduğu ve eğimli borunun tank girişine yakın yerde daha etkili olduğu ve borunun kapalı dip kısmına doğru gidildikçe bu etkinliğin azaldığı gibi çıkarımlar yapılmıştır. Ayrıca 6 saatlik deney sonucunda elde edilen tank ortalama sıcaklığı ile sayısal analiz sonucunda elde edilen ortalama tank sıcaklığı kıyaslandığında, eğimli boruya uygulanan 600 ve 800 W yüksek güçteki deneylerde ısıl rejimin sağlandığı ve 200 ve 400 W daha düşük deneylerde ise ısıl rejimin sağlanması için daha çok zaman gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışma, 30/12/2022 tarihinde Doç. Dr. Gökhan ARSLAN danışmanlığında sunulan “Parabolik Oluklu Güneş Kollektörleri İçeren Doğal Dolaşımlı Güneş Enerjisi Sisteminin Deneysel ve Sayısal İncelenmesi” başlıklı doktora tezinden üretilmiştir.

Supporting Institution

Mersin Üniversitesi

Project Number

2018-2-TP3-2936

Thanks

Bu çalışma Mersin Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Birimi tarafından 2018-2-TP3-2936 proje numarasıyla desteklenmiştir. Maddi desteklerinden dolayı kendilerine teşekkür ederiz.

References

  • G. Arslan, B. Bayhan, K. Yaman, Mersin/Türkiye için ölçülen global güneş ışınımının yapay sinir ağları ile tahmin edilmesi ve yaygın ışınım modelleri ile karşılaştırılması, Gazi University Journal of Science Part C: Design and Technology. 7(1) (2019), 80-96. doi: 10.29109/gujsc.419473
  • B. Bayhan, G. Arslan, Applicability of solar and wind energy technologies for a non-residential Building, Turkish Journal of Engineering. 2 (1) (2018), 27-34. doi: 10.31127/tuje.341462
  • G. Arslan, B. Bayhan, Solar energy potential in Mersin and a simple model to predict daily solar radiation, Mugla Journal of Science and Technology. Special Issue (2016), 1-4. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/muglajsci/issue/25591/269956
  • M. Hacıbeyoglu, M. Çelik, Ö. E. Çiçek, K en yakın komşu algoritması ile binalarda enerji verimliliği tahmini, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 5(2) (2023), 65-74. doi: 10.47112/neufmbd.2023.10
  • B. Akgayev, S. Akbayrak, M. Yılmaz, M. S. Büker, V. Unsur, Assessing the feasibility of photovoltaic systems in Türkiye: Technical and economic analysis of on-grid, off-grid, and utility-scale pv installations, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 6(1) (2024), 69-92. doi: 10.47112/neufmbd.2024.33
  • A. O. Özkan, H. B. Demı̇r, Fotovoltaik panellerde sıcaklık ve zenit açısının panel güç üretimine etkisi, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 1(1) (2019), 1-9. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/698145
  • M. İ. Özgün, A. B. Batibay, B. Ünal, Y. R. Eker, A. Terlemez, Investigation of the use of TiO2 obtained from endodontic NiTi files in dye-sensitized solar cells, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 5(1) (2023) 1-8. doi: 10.47112/neufmbd.2023.4
  • S. Ata, M. E. Boyacıoğlu, R. Şahin, A. Kahraman, ORÇ ile düşük sıcaklıklı ısı kaynaklarından elektrik üretilmesinde ıslak ve yeni nesil akışkanların çevresel ve termodinamik performanslarının karşılaştırılması, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 2(1) (2021), 1-13. doi: 10.47112/neufmbd.2021.6
  • H. D. Arslan, S. M. A. Bilgili, S. Doğan, Farklı ilkim bölgelerinde TOKİ tip konutlarının doğal havalandırma analizi, Necmettin Erbakan University Journal of Science and Engineering. 6(1) (2024), 21-39. doi: 10.47112/neufmbd.2024.30
  • P. M. Malkin, Design of Thermosyphon Solar Domestic Hot Water Systems, M. S. Thesis, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wis., USA, 1985.
  • W. P. Akanmu, P. A. Bajere, Investigation of temperature and flow distribution in a serially connected thermosyphon solar water heating collector system, Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy. 5(2) (2015), 56-68. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234668006.pdf
  • R. B. Bejjam, K. K. Kiran, Numerical study on heat transfer characteristics of nanofluid based natural circulation loop, Thermal Science. 22(2) (2018), 885-897. doi: 10.2298/TSCI160826087B
  • J. Li, X. Li, Y. Wang, J. Tu, A theoretical model of natural circulation flow and heat transfer within horizontal evacuated tube considering the secondary flow, Renewable Energy. 147(1) (2020), 630-638. doi: 10.1016/j.renene.2019.08.135
  • K. A. Pleshanov, E. G. Khlyst, M. N. Zaichenko, K. V. Sterkhov, Design of a natural circulation circuit for 85 MW steam boiler, Thermal Science. 21(3) (2017), 1503-1513. doi: 10.2298/TSCI161005320P
  • A. Riahi, H. Taherian, Experimental investigation on the performance of thermosyphon solar water heater in the south caspian sea, Thermal Science. 15(2) (2011), 447-456. doi: 10.2298/TSCI1102447R
  • M. Misale, J. A. Bocanegra, A. Marchitto, Thermo-hydraulic performance of connected single-phase natural circulation loops characterized by two different inner diameters, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer. 125 (2021), 105309. doi: 10.1016/j.icheatmasstransfer.2021.105309
  • J. A. Bocanegra, A. Marchitto, M. Misale, Thermal performance investigation of a mini natural circulation loop for solar pv panel or electronic cooling simulated by lattice boltzmann method, International Journal of Energy Production and Management. 7(1) (2022), 1-12. https://www.witpress.com/Secure/ejournals/papers/EQ070101f.pdf
  • B. Bayhan, G. Arslan, Theoretical model of natural circulation flow and heat transfer within one-ended inclined pipe, Thermal Science. 26(6B) (2022), 5187-5198. doi: 10.2298/TSCI220402100B
  • B. Bayhan, G. Arslan, Experimental investigation of natural circulating solar energy system including a parabolic trough solar collector, Journal of Solar Energy Engineering. 147(2) (2025). doi: 10.1115/1.4066301
  • M. W. K. Jaber, et al., Transient evolution of thermal stratification and passive flow guidance inside a heat exchanger immersed thermal energy storage tank, Journal of Energy Storage. 88 (2024), 111472. doi: 10.1016/j.est.2024.111472
  • E. Canlı, A. Ates, Ş. Bilir, Developing turbulent flow in pipes and analysis of entrance region., Academic Platform-Journal of Engineering and Science. 9(2) (2021), 332-353. doi: 10.21541/apjes.818717
  • E. Canli, A. Ates, S. Bilir, Numerical Scheme for Dimensionless Natural Convection Analysis of Vertical Pipe, içinde: Proceeding Book, 23rd Congress on Thermal Science and Technology with International Participation. 2021, 1283-1293.
  • E. Canli, A. H. Altun, A. Ates, Hydrodynamic and Thermal Simultaneous Development in Pipes for All the Three Thermal Boundary Condition Types Using CFD, içinde: Proceeding Book, 4th International Conference on Life and Engineering Sciences, İstanbul, Turkey, 2021, 185-205.
  • E. Canli, H. Kucuksariyildiz, K. Carman. Impact assessment of new generation high-speed agricultural tractor aerodynamics on transportation fuel consumption and related phenomena, Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 30(3) (2023), 6658-6680. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-22642-4
  • B. Bayhan, Parabolik Oluklu Güneş Kolektörü İçeren Doğal Dolaşımlı Güneş Enerji Sisteminin Deneysel ve Sayısal İncelemesi, Doktora Tezi, Mersin Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Makine Mühendisliği Anabilim Dalı, Mersin, 2022.
  • S. J. Kline, F. A. McClintock, Describing uncertainties in single sample experiments, Mechanical Engineering. 75(1) (1953), 3-8.
  • N. Tokgoz, Ö. Süfer, Hesaplamalı akışkanlar dinamiğine genel bir bakış, Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi. 6(3) (2023), 2392-2408. doi: 10.47495/okufbed.1191498
There are 27 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Experimental Methods in Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer, Computational Methods in Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer (Incl. Computational Fluid Dynamics), Mechanical Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Burhan Bayhan 0000-0003-4708-1138

Gökhan Arslan 0000-0002-2611-1740

Project Number 2018-2-TP3-2936
Early Pub Date December 2, 2025
Publication Date December 3, 2025
Submission Date October 19, 2024
Acceptance Date April 2, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Bayhan, B., & Arslan, G. (2025). CFD Modeling of the One-Ended Inclined Pipe-Tank System. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 7(3), 361-371.
AMA Bayhan B, Arslan G. CFD Modeling of the One-Ended Inclined Pipe-Tank System. NEJSE. December 2025;7(3):361-371.
Chicago Bayhan, Burhan, and Gökhan Arslan. “CFD Modeling of the One-Ended Inclined Pipe-Tank System”. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 7, no. 3 (December 2025): 361-71.
EndNote Bayhan B, Arslan G (December 1, 2025) CFD Modeling of the One-Ended Inclined Pipe-Tank System. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 7 3 361–371.
IEEE B. Bayhan and G. Arslan, “CFD Modeling of the One-Ended Inclined Pipe-Tank System”, NEJSE, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 361–371, 2025.
ISNAD Bayhan, Burhan - Arslan, Gökhan. “CFD Modeling of the One-Ended Inclined Pipe-Tank System”. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi 7/3 (December2025), 361-371.
JAMA Bayhan B, Arslan G. CFD Modeling of the One-Ended Inclined Pipe-Tank System. NEJSE. 2025;7:361–371.
MLA Bayhan, Burhan and Gökhan Arslan. “CFD Modeling of the One-Ended Inclined Pipe-Tank System”. Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Fen Ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 3, 2025, pp. 361-7.
Vancouver Bayhan B, Arslan G. CFD Modeling of the One-Ended Inclined Pipe-Tank System. NEJSE. 2025;7(3):361-7.