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Gammarids Reaction to Borax and Investigation of Japanese Fish (Carassius auratus) Feces Depend on Acanthocephal Parasitisim Rate

Year 2017, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 457 - 466, 30.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.308037

Abstract

In this study, LC50 value of borax on Gammarids was determined and also parasitism rate of acanthocephal parasites in Kızılırmak (Avanos) determined from collected gammarid samples. The LC50 value was determined as 813,53 ppm on gammarids exposed to 20-2000 ppm borax for 24 hours. It was obatined that 7% of 600 individuals were parasitized by acanthocephaly parasites that we collected from river by plastic sieve. Gammarid body parts that containing cystacanths (10 cystacanths) fed to one Japanese fish. Ten cystacanths were found to be excreted with feces to the outside as cystacanth stage. Gammarids that have parasite cystacanths inside their bodies, cystacanth eggs were observed between its hemocytes with Giemsa staining technique.

References

  • [1] Anonima, “Molar mass, molecular weight and elemental composition calculator”, http://www.webqc.org/molecular-weight-of-Na2O2B2O3*10H2O(borax).html, 2017. [2] Sağlam, M., Köseoğlu, S., Enhoş, Ş., “Periodontolojide bor”, Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi (Journal of Health Sciences, 22(1), 70-75, 2013. [3] Anonimb, “Bor madeni ve Türkiye için önemi” http://cevherhazirlama.com/belgeler/BORveTORYUM.pdf, 2017. [4] Anonimc, “Boric acid”, Human and environmental risk assessment on ingredients of household cleaningpProducts, HERA, 2-81, 2005. [5] Özbek, M., Balık, S., Topkara, T.E., “Türkiye tatlısu amphipod’larının (Crustacea: Malacostraca) dağılımları ve ekolojilerine katkılar”, Fırat Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 19 (4), 455-461, 2007. [6] Barnard J., Barnard, C.M., “Freshwater amphipoda of the world”, I. Evalutionary Patterns, I-VIII, IX-XVIII, 1-358; II, Handbook and Bibliography, XIX, 359- 830, 1983. [7] Karaman, G.S., Pinkster, S., “Freshwater Gammarus species from Europe, North Africa and adjacent regions of Asia (Crustacea-Amphipoda), Part I Gammarus pulex- group and related species, Bijdragen Tot de Dierkunde, 47: 1-97, 1977. [8] Karaman, G.S., “53. Contribution to the knowledge of the Amphipoda. Some new or very interesting Gammarus species from southern Europa and Asia minor, Polyoprivreda I. Sumarstvo, XIX(3), 1- 42, 1973. [9] Brown, F., A., Pascoe, D., “Parasitism and host sensitivity to cadimum: an acanthocephalan infection of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex”, Journal of Applied Ecology, 26, 473-487, 1989. [10] MacNeil, C., Fielding, J.N., Hume, D.,K., Dick, A.T.J., Elwood, W.R., Hatcher, J.,M., Dunn, A., “Parasite altered micro-distribution of Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda)”, International Journal of Parasitology, 33, 57-64, 2003. [11] Gismondi, E., Beisel, N.J., Cossu-Leguille, C., “Polimorphus, minutus effects antitoxic responses of Gammarus roeseli exposed to cadmium”, PLoS ONE, 7, 7, 41775. [12] Dezfuli, S.B., Giari, L., “Amphipod intermediate host of Polymorphus minutus (Acanthocephala), parasite of water birds, with notes on ultrastructure of host-parasite interface”, Folia Parasitologica, 46, 117-122. [13] Saygı, Ş., “Deneysel toksikolojide toksisite testleri ve test sonuçlarının önemi”, Gülhane Tıp Dergisi, 45(3), 291-298, 2003. [14] Parlak, H., Arslan Çakal, Ö., Boyacığlu, M., Karaarslan, A.M., “Ekotoksikoloji”, Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, 63, 2009. [15] Anonimd, “Japon Balığı”, https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon_bal%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1, 2017. [16] Patil, B.S., Magdum, S.C., “Determination of LC50 values of extracts of Euphorbia hirta Linn and Euphorbia neriifolia Linn using brine shrimp lethality assay”, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1, 2, 42-43, 2011. [17] Robert, J., Weir, J., Fisher, S.R., “Toxicologic studies on borax and boric acid”, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 23, 3,351-364, 1972. [18] Gülsoy, N., Yavaş, C., Mutlu, Ö., “Genotoxic effects of boric acid and borax in zebrafish, Danio rerio using alkaline comet assay”, Excli Journal, 14, 890–899, 2015. [19] Gupta, C.U., Jame, Y.W., Cambell, A.J., Leyshon, A.J., Nicholahichuk, W., “Boron toxicity and deficiency: A review”, Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 65, 3, 381-409, 1985. [20] Hayden, G.F., “Boron toxicity of strawberry”, Commun Soil Sci Plant Analysis, 12, 1085- 1091, 1981. [21] Su, N.Y., Tokoro, M., Scheffrahn, R.H., “Estimating oral toxicity of slow-acting toxicants against subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Journal of Economic Entomology, 87, 398-401, 1994. [22] Gents, C.M., Grace, K.J., “Review of boron toxicity in insects with an emphasis on Termites”, Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology, 23, 4, 1-7, 2006. [23] Lloyd, J.D., Dickinson, J.D., Murphy J.R, “The probable mechanisms of action of boric acid and borates as wood preservatives”, IRG/WP Document 90-1450. International Research Group on Wood Protection. Stockholm, Sweden, 21., 1990. [24] Kabu, M., Tosun, M., Elitok, B., Akosman, S.M., “Histological evaluation of the effects of borax obtained from various sources in different rat organs”, International Journal of Morpholog., 33(1), 255-261, 2015. [25] Pongsavee, M., “Genotoxic effects of borax on cultured lymphocytes”, Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 40, 2, 411-418, 2009. [26] Bauer, A., Haine, R.E., Minnot-Perrot, J.M., Rigaud, T., “The acanthocephalan parasite Polymorphus minutus alters the geotactic and clinging behaviours of two sympatric amphipod hosts: the native Gammarus pulex and the invasive Gammarus roeseli, Journal of Zooogy, London, 267, 39–43, 2005. [27] Hynes, H.B.N, “The reproductive cycle of some British freshwater Gammaridae”, Jornal of Animal Ecoogy, 24, 352-387, 1955. [28] Moraves, F., Scholtz, T., “Observations on the biology of Pomphorhynchus laevis (Zoega in Müller, 1776) (Acanthocephala) in the Rokytná River, Czech and Slovak Federative Republic”, Helminthologia, 28: 23-30, 1991.

Gammaridlerin Boraksa Karşı Tepkisi ve Akantosefal Parazitlenme Oranına Bağlı Japon Balığı Dışkısının İncelenmesi

Year 2017, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 457 - 466, 30.12.2017
https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.308037

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Boraksın gammaridler
üzerindeki LC
50 değeri ve toplanan gammarid örneklerinin Kızılırmak
(Avanos)’ta akantosefal parazitler tarafından parazitlenme oranı
belirlenmiştir. 20-2000 ppm boraks dozlarına 24 saat süre ile maruz kalan gammaridler
üzerinde LC
50 değeri 813,53 ppm olarak belirlenmiştir. Irmaktan,  plastik elek ile toplanan 600 bireyden
%7’sinin akantosefal parazitler tarafından parazitlendiği saptanmıştır. On adet
sistakant içeren disekte edilmiş gammarid vücut parçaları bir adet Japon
balığına yedirilmiştir. Yedirilen on sistakantın da dışarı dışkı ile sistakant
evrede atıldıkları tespit edilmiştir. Vücutlarında parazit sistakantı bulunan
gammarid hemositleri boyanmış ve hemositleri arasında akantosefal parazitlerin
yumurtalarının varlığı giemsa boyama tekniği ile gözlemlenmiştir. 

References

  • [1] Anonima, “Molar mass, molecular weight and elemental composition calculator”, http://www.webqc.org/molecular-weight-of-Na2O2B2O3*10H2O(borax).html, 2017. [2] Sağlam, M., Köseoğlu, S., Enhoş, Ş., “Periodontolojide bor”, Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi (Journal of Health Sciences, 22(1), 70-75, 2013. [3] Anonimb, “Bor madeni ve Türkiye için önemi” http://cevherhazirlama.com/belgeler/BORveTORYUM.pdf, 2017. [4] Anonimc, “Boric acid”, Human and environmental risk assessment on ingredients of household cleaningpProducts, HERA, 2-81, 2005. [5] Özbek, M., Balık, S., Topkara, T.E., “Türkiye tatlısu amphipod’larının (Crustacea: Malacostraca) dağılımları ve ekolojilerine katkılar”, Fırat Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Bilimleri Dergisi, 19 (4), 455-461, 2007. [6] Barnard J., Barnard, C.M., “Freshwater amphipoda of the world”, I. Evalutionary Patterns, I-VIII, IX-XVIII, 1-358; II, Handbook and Bibliography, XIX, 359- 830, 1983. [7] Karaman, G.S., Pinkster, S., “Freshwater Gammarus species from Europe, North Africa and adjacent regions of Asia (Crustacea-Amphipoda), Part I Gammarus pulex- group and related species, Bijdragen Tot de Dierkunde, 47: 1-97, 1977. [8] Karaman, G.S., “53. Contribution to the knowledge of the Amphipoda. Some new or very interesting Gammarus species from southern Europa and Asia minor, Polyoprivreda I. Sumarstvo, XIX(3), 1- 42, 1973. [9] Brown, F., A., Pascoe, D., “Parasitism and host sensitivity to cadimum: an acanthocephalan infection of the freshwater amphipod Gammarus pulex”, Journal of Applied Ecology, 26, 473-487, 1989. [10] MacNeil, C., Fielding, J.N., Hume, D.,K., Dick, A.T.J., Elwood, W.R., Hatcher, J.,M., Dunn, A., “Parasite altered micro-distribution of Gammarus pulex (Crustacea: Amphipoda)”, International Journal of Parasitology, 33, 57-64, 2003. [11] Gismondi, E., Beisel, N.J., Cossu-Leguille, C., “Polimorphus, minutus effects antitoxic responses of Gammarus roeseli exposed to cadmium”, PLoS ONE, 7, 7, 41775. [12] Dezfuli, S.B., Giari, L., “Amphipod intermediate host of Polymorphus minutus (Acanthocephala), parasite of water birds, with notes on ultrastructure of host-parasite interface”, Folia Parasitologica, 46, 117-122. [13] Saygı, Ş., “Deneysel toksikolojide toksisite testleri ve test sonuçlarının önemi”, Gülhane Tıp Dergisi, 45(3), 291-298, 2003. [14] Parlak, H., Arslan Çakal, Ö., Boyacığlu, M., Karaarslan, A.M., “Ekotoksikoloji”, Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, 63, 2009. [15] Anonimd, “Japon Balığı”, https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japon_bal%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1, 2017. [16] Patil, B.S., Magdum, S.C., “Determination of LC50 values of extracts of Euphorbia hirta Linn and Euphorbia neriifolia Linn using brine shrimp lethality assay”, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1, 2, 42-43, 2011. [17] Robert, J., Weir, J., Fisher, S.R., “Toxicologic studies on borax and boric acid”, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 23, 3,351-364, 1972. [18] Gülsoy, N., Yavaş, C., Mutlu, Ö., “Genotoxic effects of boric acid and borax in zebrafish, Danio rerio using alkaline comet assay”, Excli Journal, 14, 890–899, 2015. [19] Gupta, C.U., Jame, Y.W., Cambell, A.J., Leyshon, A.J., Nicholahichuk, W., “Boron toxicity and deficiency: A review”, Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 65, 3, 381-409, 1985. [20] Hayden, G.F., “Boron toxicity of strawberry”, Commun Soil Sci Plant Analysis, 12, 1085- 1091, 1981. [21] Su, N.Y., Tokoro, M., Scheffrahn, R.H., “Estimating oral toxicity of slow-acting toxicants against subterranean termites (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae), Journal of Economic Entomology, 87, 398-401, 1994. [22] Gents, C.M., Grace, K.J., “Review of boron toxicity in insects with an emphasis on Termites”, Journal of Agricultural and Urban Entomology, 23, 4, 1-7, 2006. [23] Lloyd, J.D., Dickinson, J.D., Murphy J.R, “The probable mechanisms of action of boric acid and borates as wood preservatives”, IRG/WP Document 90-1450. International Research Group on Wood Protection. Stockholm, Sweden, 21., 1990. [24] Kabu, M., Tosun, M., Elitok, B., Akosman, S.M., “Histological evaluation of the effects of borax obtained from various sources in different rat organs”, International Journal of Morpholog., 33(1), 255-261, 2015. [25] Pongsavee, M., “Genotoxic effects of borax on cultured lymphocytes”, Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, 40, 2, 411-418, 2009. [26] Bauer, A., Haine, R.E., Minnot-Perrot, J.M., Rigaud, T., “The acanthocephalan parasite Polymorphus minutus alters the geotactic and clinging behaviours of two sympatric amphipod hosts: the native Gammarus pulex and the invasive Gammarus roeseli, Journal of Zooogy, London, 267, 39–43, 2005. [27] Hynes, H.B.N, “The reproductive cycle of some British freshwater Gammaridae”, Jornal of Animal Ecoogy, 24, 352-387, 1955. [28] Moraves, F., Scholtz, T., “Observations on the biology of Pomphorhynchus laevis (Zoega in Müller, 1776) (Acanthocephala) in the Rokytná River, Czech and Slovak Federative Republic”, Helminthologia, 28: 23-30, 1991.
There are 1 citations in total.

Details

Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Biyoloji
Authors

Ata Eskin

Arif Arslan This is me

Publication Date December 30, 2017
Acceptance Date October 10, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 6 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Eskin, A., & Arslan, A. (2017). Gammaridlerin Boraksa Karşı Tepkisi ve Akantosefal Parazitlenme Oranına Bağlı Japon Balığı Dışkısının İncelenmesi. Nevşehir Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, 6(2), 457-466. https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.308037
AMA Eskin A, Arslan A. Gammaridlerin Boraksa Karşı Tepkisi ve Akantosefal Parazitlenme Oranına Bağlı Japon Balığı Dışkısının İncelenmesi. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi. December 2017;6(2):457-466. doi:10.17100/nevbiltek.308037
Chicago Eskin, Ata, and Arif Arslan. “Gammaridlerin Boraksa Karşı Tepkisi Ve Akantosefal Parazitlenme Oranına Bağlı Japon Balığı Dışkısının İncelenmesi”. Nevşehir Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi 6, no. 2 (December 2017): 457-66. https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.308037.
EndNote Eskin A, Arslan A (December 1, 2017) Gammaridlerin Boraksa Karşı Tepkisi ve Akantosefal Parazitlenme Oranına Bağlı Japon Balığı Dışkısının İncelenmesi. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 6 2 457–466.
IEEE A. Eskin and A. Arslan, “Gammaridlerin Boraksa Karşı Tepkisi ve Akantosefal Parazitlenme Oranına Bağlı Japon Balığı Dışkısının İncelenmesi”, Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 457–466, 2017, doi: 10.17100/nevbiltek.308037.
ISNAD Eskin, Ata - Arslan, Arif. “Gammaridlerin Boraksa Karşı Tepkisi Ve Akantosefal Parazitlenme Oranına Bağlı Japon Balığı Dışkısının İncelenmesi”. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi 6/2 (December 2017), 457-466. https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.308037.
JAMA Eskin A, Arslan A. Gammaridlerin Boraksa Karşı Tepkisi ve Akantosefal Parazitlenme Oranına Bağlı Japon Balığı Dışkısının İncelenmesi. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi. 2017;6:457–466.
MLA Eskin, Ata and Arif Arslan. “Gammaridlerin Boraksa Karşı Tepkisi Ve Akantosefal Parazitlenme Oranına Bağlı Japon Balığı Dışkısının İncelenmesi”. Nevşehir Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi, vol. 6, no. 2, 2017, pp. 457-66, doi:10.17100/nevbiltek.308037.
Vancouver Eskin A, Arslan A. Gammaridlerin Boraksa Karşı Tepkisi ve Akantosefal Parazitlenme Oranına Bağlı Japon Balığı Dışkısının İncelenmesi. Nevşehir Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi. 2017;6(2):457-66.

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