Determination of Toxic Effect of Heavy Metals on the Yield of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) in Field Conditions

Year 2017, Volume: 6 Issue: 2, 580 - 593, 30.12.2017

İlknur Yurdakul , Kadriye Kalınbacak Dilek Terzi Remzi Murat Peker

https://doi.org/10.17100/nevbiltek.327148

Cited By: 2

Abstract

The Study has been
conducted to determine the effects of potential toxic heavy metals like Cr, Cd
and Co on wheat (Triticum aestivum
L.). In the study, it has been planned to determine the critical toxic
concentration, to examine the relationship between the amount of metals
extracted with DTPA from the soil with heavy metal applications and the total
amounts of heavy metals and to determine the relationship between the levels of
heavy metals in the plant. The experimental design in the study was fixed
randomized blocks with 3 replications for each of the 3 elemnts. In the first
year of the experiment, Cr /0, 3, 6 and 9 kg da^-1), Cd ( 0, 5, 10 and 15 kg da^-1) and Co (0, 20, 40 and 60 kg
da^-1) were applied in the experimental area. Among the heavy metals
applied, Cr had a toxicity effect on wheat in the first and second year of the
experiment and decreased the wheat yield at important levels but had no
toxicity effect at the last year. On the other hand, Cd and Co applications had
no significant toxicity effect to notice difference on the yield of wheat
during the experiment. The results of
the Study show that, the differences of the elements, the density of pollution
and the duration of plant growty were important in the toxicity effects of
potantial toxic elements. As a result, it is necessary to examine the details
of yield loss and to control it economical production can be sustained
considering the levels of pollution.

Keywords

Chrome, Cobalt, Cadmium, Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Soil

Ağır Metallerin Tarla Şartlarında Buğday (Triticum Aestivum L.) Verimine Toksik Etkisinin Belirlenmesi

Abstract

Çalışma tarla koşullarında potansiyel
toksik ağır metallerden krom (Cr), kadmiyum (Cd) ve kobaltın (Co) buğday (Triticum
aestivum L.) verimine etkilerinin saptanması amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir.
Buğday bitkisinde toksik kritik derişimin belirlenmesi, ağır metal uygulamalarının
toprakta DTPA ile ekstrakte olan metal miktarı ile toplam metal miktarı
arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi ve bitkide ağır metal düzeyleri arasındaki
ilişkinin belirlenmesi planlanmıştır. Deneme münavebe sisteminde tesadüf
blokları deneme desenine göre, çakılı 3 tekrarlamalı ve 3 element için ayrı
ayrı kurulmuştur. Denemenin ilk yılında deneme alanına Cr (0, 3, 6, 9 kg da^-1),
Co (0, 20, 40, 60 kg da^-1) ve Cd (0, 5, 10, 15 kg da^-1)
bir kez uygulanmıştır. Uygulanan ağır metallerden Cr denemenin birinci ve ikinci
buğday ekim yıllarında toksik etkide bulunarak, buğday verimini önemli ölçüde
azaltırken, denemenin son yılında toksik etki göstermemiştir. Bununla yanında Cd
ve Co uygulamaları deneme süresince buğday veriminde toksiklik açısından farklılık
yaratacak düzeyde etkili olmamıştır. Çalışma sonuçları potansiyel toksik
elementlerin toksik etkilerinde element farklarının, kirlilik yoğunluğunun ve
bitki yetiştirme süresinin etkili olduğunu göstermektedir. Kirliliğin boyutları
dikkate alınmak koşulu ile kirlenmiş alanlarda verim kaybının detaylandırılması
ve ekonomik üretimin gerçekleştirilip gerçekleştirilemeyeceğinin takip edilmesi
gerekmektedir.

Keywords

Krom, Kobalt, Kadmiyum, Buğday (Triticum aestivum L.), Toprak

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