GENDER, CUMULATIVE STRAIN AND DEVIANT BEHAVIOR IN TURKEY

Year 2012, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 43 - 63, 22.04.2013

Özden Özbay

Abstract

 

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study is to explore whether General Strain Theory played a similar role for male and female deviant acts among the youths in Turkey. Data was derived from 974 students at a Turkish public university. The findings indicated that cumulative strain, anger, and criminal and non-criminal copings played similar roles for both males and females. The results questioned General Strain Theory’s gender difference thesis.
Keywords: General strain theory, cumulative strain, gender, university students, Turkey

Keywords

Genel Gerilim Teorisi, kümülatif gerilim, cinsiyet, üniversite öğrencileri, Türkiye

References

• Agnew, R., & Brezina, T. (1997). Relational problems with peers, gender, and delinquency. Youth and Societ,y 29, 84-111.
• Agnew, R., Cullen, F. T., Burton, Velmer S. Jr., Evans, D. T., & Dunaway, G. R. (1996). A new test of classic strain theory. Justice Quarterly, 13, 681-704.
• Baron, W. S. (2007). Street youth, gender, financial strain, and crime: Exploring Broidy and Agnew’s extension to general strain theory. Deviant Behavior, 28, 273-302.
• Belknap, J., & Holsinger, K. (2006). The gendered nature of risk factors for delinquency. Feminist Criminology, 1, 48-71.
• Broidy, K. L. (2001). A test of general strain theory. Criminology, 39, 9-36.
• Broidy, L. & Agnew, R. (1997). Gender and crime: A general strain theory perspective. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 34, 275-306.
• Burton, S. V. Jr., & Dunaway, R. G. (1994). Strain, relative deprivation, and middle class delinquency. In G. Barak (Ed.), Varieties of criminology (pp. 79-95). Westport: Praeger.
• Cam, T. (2010). Explaining marijuana use among Turkish juveniles: A test of Hirschi’s social bonding theory. Unpublished Dissertation, University of Texas, U.S.A.
• Cetin, C. M. (2010). Beden egitimi ve spor yuksekokulu ogrencilerinin stresle basa cıkma stillerinin bazı degiskenlere gore inclenmesi. Milli Egitim, 187, 193206.
• Ceyhan, E., Ceyhan, S. A., & Kurtyılmaz, Y. (2005). Depression among Turkish female and male university students. Social Behavior and Personality, 33, 329-340.
• Ceyhan, E., Ceyhan, S. A., & Kurtyılmaz, Y. (2009). Investigation of university students’ depression. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 36, 75-90.
• Daigle, E. L., Cullen, F. T., & Wright, J. P. (2007). Gender differences in the predictors of juvenile delinquency: Assessing the generality-specificity debate. Youth Violence and Juvenile Justice, 5, 254-286.
• Durna, U. (2006). Universite ögrencilerinin stres düzeylerinin bazı degiskenler acısından incelenmesi. Erzurum Ataturk Universitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 20, 319-343.
• Eksi, H. (2010). Personality and coping among Turkish college students: A canonical correlation analysis. Kuram ve Uygulamada Egitim Bilimleri (Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice), 10, 2159-2176.
• Ferzan, İ. (2009). The perceptions of Turkish police captains about the use of techniques of neutralization (neutralization theory) by Turkish offenders. Unpublished Dissertation, University of Nebraska at Omaha.
• Hoffman, P. J., & Cerbone, F. G. (1999). Stressful life events and delinquency escalation in early adolescence. Criminology, 37, 343-374.
• Hoffman, P. J., & Su, S. S. (1997). The conditional effects of stress on delinquency and drug use: A strain theory assessment of sex differences. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 34, 46-78.
• Jang, J. S. (2007). Gender differences in strain, negative emotions, and coping behaviors: A general strain theory approach. Justice Quarterly, 24, 523-553.
• Johnson, C. M. & Morris, R. G. (2008). The moderating effects of religiosity on the relationship between stressful life events and delinquent behavior. Journal of Criminal Justice, 36, 486-493.
• Liu, X., R., & Lin, W. (2007). Delinquency among Chinese adolescents: Modeling sources of frustration and gender differences. Deviant Behavior, 28, 409432.
• Manasse, E. M., & Ganem, N. M. (2009). Victimization as a cause of delinquency: The role of depression and gender. Journal of Criminal Justice, 37, 371-378.
• Mazerolle, P. (1998). Gender, general strain, and delinquency: An empirical examination. Justice Quarterly, 15, 65-91.
• Morash, M., & Moon, B. (2007). Gender differences in the effects of strain on the delinquency of South Korean youth. Youth & Society, 38, 300-321.
• Neff, L. J. & Waite, D. E. (2007). Male versus female substance abuse patterns among incarcerated juvenile offenders: Comparing strain and social learning variables. Justice Quarterly, 24, 106-132.
• Ostrowsky, K. M., & Messner, S. F. (2005). Explaining crime for a young adult population: An application of general strain theory. Journal of Criminal Justice, 33, 463-476.
• Örücü, C. M. & Demir, A. (2009). Psychometric evaluation of perceived stress scale for Turkish university students. Stress and Health, 25, 103-109.
• Özbay, Ö. (2003), Merton's strain theory: Evidence from the high schools in Ankara. Cumhuriyet Universitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 27, 59-76.
• Özbay. Ö. (2008b). Self control, gender, and deviance among university students in Turkey. Journal of Criminal Justice, 36, 72-80.
• Özbay, Ö. (2011). Does general strain theory account for youth deviance in Turkey? Nevsehir Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 1, 107-129.
• Özbay, Ö. & Özcan, Y. Z. (2006a). Classic strain theory and gender: The case of Turkey. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 50, 21-38.
• Özbay, Ö. & Köksoy, O. (2009). Is low self control associated with violence among youth in Turkey? International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 53, 145-167.
• Özbay, Ö. & Özcan, Y. Z. (2006b) A test of Hirschi's social bonding theory on juvenile delinquency in the high schools of Ankara, Turkey. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 50, 711-26.
• Piquero, L. N., & Sealock, M. D. (2004). Gender and general strain theory: A preliminary test of Broidy and Agnew’s gender/gst hypotheses. Justice Quarterly, 21, 125-158.
• Robbers, L. P. M. (2004). Revisiting the moderating effect of social support on strain: A gendered test. Sociological Inquiry, 74, 546-569.
• Sharp, F. S., Brewster, D., & Love, S. R. (2005). Disentangling strain, personal attributes affective response and deviance: A gendered analysis. Deviant Behavior, 26, 133-157.
• Sigfusdottir, I., Farkas, G., & Silver, E. (2004). The role of depressed mood and anger in the relationship between family conflict and delinquent behavior. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 33, 509-522.
• Simons, L. R., Chen, Y., Stewart, E. A., & Broidy, G. H. (2003). Incidents of discrimination and risk for delinquency: A longitudinal test of strain theory with an African American sample. Justice Quarterly, 20, 827-854.
• Vowell, R. P., & May, D. C. (2000). Another look at classic strain theory: Poverty status, perceived blocked opportunity, and gang membership as predictors of adolescent violent behavior. Sociological Inquiry, 70, 42-60.