Review
BibTex RIS Cite

TÜRKİYE’DE VE DÜNYADA ÇALIŞAN HIRSIZLIĞI”NA BAKIŞ: TÜRLERİ, NEDENLERİ, MALİYETLERİ VE ÖNLEMEYE YÖNELİK ÇALIŞMALAR

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 223 - 238, 31.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1065370

Abstract

Çalışan hırsızlığının, yol açtığı maddi ve manevi kayıplar göz önüne alındığında, işletme ve yönetim literatüründe daha fazla yer alması gerektiği düşüncesi son zamanlarda yaygınlık kazanmaya başlamış durumdadır. Çalışanın resmi çalışma zamanı içerisinde işletmenin malını veya parasını izinsiz alması veya transfer etmesi olarak tanımlanabilen çalışan hırsızlığının türleri ve nedenleri çeşitlidir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle amaçlanan; literatürde yer alan günümüze kadar yapılmış çalışan hırsızlığı konulu araştırmaların ortaya koyduğu çeşitli bulgulara, örnek ve istatistiklere geniş bir biçimde yer vererek, Türkiye’de ve Dünyada çalışan hırsızlığı sorununa ilişkin mevcut durumu ortaya koymak, bu suretle bu temel üzerinde çalışan hırsızlığını türlerine ayırarak diğer araştırmacıların ilgisine sunmaktır. Çalışmanın diğer amaçları; ağırlıklı olarak işletme kaynaklı nedenler olmak üzere çalışan hırsızlığının nedenlerini ve maliyetlerini günümüze kadar ulaşılmış istatistiki bulgularla incelemek ve hali hazırda çeşitli işletmelerde uygulanmakta olan önlemeye yönelik çalışmalar hakkında bilgi vererek bu çalışmaların hangi yönde geliştirilebileceği üzerine önerilerde bulunmaktır.

References

  • Alan, A., Ehtiyar, V., R. & Ömüriş, E. (2010). Beş yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde hırsızlık sorunsalı: Antalya-Kundu örneği. 11. National Tourism Congress Proceedings Book, 26-33. http://documents.tips/documents/11-ulusal-kongre-kitabi.html
  • Appelbaum, S. H., Iaconi, G. D. & Matousek, A. (2007). Positive and negative deviant workplace behaviors: Causes, ımpacts, and solutions. Corporate Governance, 7(5), 586– 598. https://doi.org/10.1108/14720700710827176
  • Babadağ, M. & Kerse, G. (2019). Zaman hırsızlığı ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerliliğinin yeniden değerlendirilmesi ve kişilik özellikleri ile zaman hırsızlığı arasındaki ilişki. Journal of BAIBU Social Sciences Institute, Vol: 19, Issue: 2/Summer: 419-438. https://doi.org/10.11616/basbed.v19i47045.523976
  • Bozkurt, N. (2009). İşletmelerin kara deliği hile: Çalışan hileleri. 1. Press, Alfa Publications.
  • Bullard,.P.D. & Resnick, A. J. (1983). Too many hands in the corporate cookie jar. Sloan Management Review, 25(1), 51-56, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10264477/
  • Chen, C. X., & Sandino, T. (2012). Can wages buy honesty? The relationship between relative wages and employee theft. Journal of Accounting Research, 50(4), 967– 1000. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-679X.2012.00456.x
  • Chen P.Y and Spector P.E. (1992). Relationships of work stresors with aggression, withdrawal theft and substance use: An exploratory study. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65, 177-184. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1992.tb00495.x
  • Cohen, L. E., & Felson, M. (1979). Social change and crime rate trends: A routine activity approach. American Sociological Review, 44(40), 588– 608. https://doi.org/2094589
  • Cox, D., Cox, A. D. & Moschis, G. P. (1990). When consumer behavior goes bad: An investigation of adolescent shoplifting. Journal of Consumer Research, 17(2), 149– 159. https://doi.org/10.1086/208545
  • Ding, Z., Liu, W., Zhang, G. & Wang, H. (2018). Supervisor narcissism and time theft: Investigating the mediating roles of emotional exhaustion and the moderating roles of attachment style. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, s.1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02215
  • Digital Talks Ekibi (2021). Walmart, ödeme sıralarındaki hırsızlığı önlemek için yapay zeka ile çalışan kameraları kullanıyor. Digital Talks. https://www.digitaltalks.org/2019/06/24/walmart-odeme-siralarindaki-hirsizligi-onlemek-icin-yapay-zeka-ile-calisan-kameralari-kullaniyor/
  • Fishbein, M. & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to theory and research reading. MA:Addison-Wesley. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233897090_Belief_attitude_intention_and_behaviour_An_introduction_to_theory_and_research
  • Foley, K. (2014). How big of a problem is employee theft and fraud?. Incorp. http://www.incorp.com/employee-theft-and-fraud-part1.aspx
  • Greenberg, J. (1990). Employee theft as a reaction to underpayment ınequity: The hidden cost of pay cuts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75 (5), 561-568. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.75.5.561
  • Greenberg, L. & Barling, J. (1996). Employee Theft, In C.L. Cooper ve D.M. Rousseau (Eds.), Trends in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 3 (pp.50-64). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Greenberg, J. (1997). The steal motive: Managing the social determinants of employee theft. In R. Giacalone and J.Greenberg (Eds), Antisocial Behavior in Organizations (pp.85-108). Sage Publications.
  • Greenberg L & Barling J (1999). Predicting employee aggression againts coworkers, sobordinates and supervisors: The roles of person behaviors and pecevied workplace factors. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 897-913. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199911)20:6<897::AID-JOB975>3.0.CO;2-Z
  • Gross-Schaefer, A., Trigilio, J., Negus, J. & Ro, C. (2000). Ethics education in the workplace: An effective tool to combat employee theft. Journal of Business Ethics, 26, 89-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006038310865
  • Gruys, M.L. (2000). The dimensionality of deviant employee behavior ın the workplace. [Doctoral dissertation, The University of Minnesota]. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235147561_The_Dimensionality_of_Deviant_Employee_Behavior_in_the_Workplace
  • Guthrie, J., Todd, S. & Bailey, A. A. (2006). Retail employee theft: a theory of planned behavior perspective. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 34(11), 802– 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09590550610710219
  • Hollinger, R.C. & Clark, J.P (1983). Theft by employees. Lexington. MA.: Lexington Books.
  • Jack L. Hayes International (2021). 33rd Annual retail theft survey. https://hayesinternational.com/news/annual-retail-theft-survey/
  • Karalar, R. (2012). Perakende mağazacılıkta mağaza güvenliği: Müşteri ve çalışanların hırsızlığı. Dünya. https://www.dunya.com/gundem/perakende-magazacilikta-magaza-guvenligi-musteri-ve-calisanlarin-haberi-189795
  • Kelloway, E. K., Loughlin, C., Barling, J., & Nault, A. (2002). Self-reported counterproductive behaviors and organizational citizenship behaviors: Separate but related constructs. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 10( ½),143-151. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/1468-2389.00201
  • Korgaonkar, P., Becerra Enrique P., Mangleburg, T. & Bilgihan A. (2021). Retail employee theft: When retail security alone is not enough. Psychology & Marketing, 38(5), 721-734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.21460
  • Krippel, G. L., Henderson, L. R. & Keene, M. A. (2008). Employee theft and the coastal south carolina hospitality industry: Incidence, detection, and response (Survey Results 2000, 2005). Tourism and Hospitality Research, 8 (3), 226-238. https://doi.org/10.1057/thr.2008.22
  • Lau, V.C., Au, W. T. & Ho, J. M. (2003). A qualitative and quantitative review of antecedents of counterproductive behavior in organizations. Journal of Business and Psychology, 18(1), 73-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025035004930
  • Macro Retail Akademi (2021). Açık ve yakın tehlike; personel hırsızlıkları. https://www.macroretail.com/2013/06/personel-hirsizliklari.html
  • McDaniel, M. A. & Jones, J. W. (1988). Predicting employee theft: A quantitative review of the validity of a standardized measure of dishonesty. Journal Of Busıness And Psychology, 2 (4), Summer 1988. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1007/BF01013765
  • Mangione, T.W. & Quinn, R.P. (1975). Job satisfaction, counterproductive behavior and drug use at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(1), 114-116. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076355
  • Martin, L.E., Brock, M.E., Buckley, M.R., & Ketchen Jr, D. J. (2010). Time banditry: examining the purloining of time in organizations. Human Resource Management Review, 20, 26-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.03.013
  • Miner, J.B. & Capps, M.H. (1996). How honesty testing works. Westport, CT. Quorum Books.
  • Mount, M., Ilies, R. & Johnson, E. (2006). Relationship of personality traits and counterproductive work behaviors: The mediating effects of job satisfaction. Personel Psychology, 59, 591-622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2006.00048.x
  • Niehoff, B. P. & Paul, R. J. (2000). Causes of employee theft and strategies that HR managers can use for prevention. Human Resource Management. Spring 2000, 39 (1). 51-64. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-050X(200021)39:1%3C51::AID-HRM5%3E3.0.CO;2-5
  • O'Brien, K., Minjock, R.M., Colarelli, S.M. & Yang, C.(2018). Kinship ties and employee theft perceptions in family-owned businesses. European Management Journal, 36, 421-430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2017.06.006
  • Özel Güvenlik Dünyası (2016). Çalışan hırsızlıklarının nedenleri. http://www.ozelguvenlikdunyasi.com
  • Pcs (2021). Referanslarımız. http://www.psctr.com/referanslarimiz
  • Robinson, S. L., & Bennett, R. J. (1995). A typology of deviant workplace behaviors: A multidimensional scaling study. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 555– 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256693
  • Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu (2021). Bilgi Suistimali. https://www.spk.gov.tr/Sayfa/AltSayfa/1221
  • Shavell, R. (2020). Prevent data theft by disgruntled employees. HRFuture. https://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=8&sid=ea5ffdf1-95d4-4cdc-bc18-7460e6781eda%40pdc-v-sessmgr02
  • Slora, K.B. (1989). An empirical approach to determining employee deviance base rates. Journal of Business and Psychology, 4(2), 199-217. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25092227?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
  • Şentürk, F. & Kasap, M. (2013). Beyaz yaka suçları ve finansal yolsuzluklar. Journal of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences of Çankırı Karatekin University, 3(2), 143-167. https://app.trdizin.gov.tr/makale/TVRZM05ETXdNQT09/beyaz-yaka-suclari-ve-finansal-yolsuzluklar
  • Tarkan, G. & Tepeci, M. (2006). Örgütsel adalet ve yönetimde merkezileşmenin çalışan hırsızlığına etkileri: Mersin üniversitesi turizm işletmeciliği ve otelcilik yüksekokulu öğrenci algılamaları üzerine bir araştırma. Anatolia: Journal of Tourism Studies, Vol 17, Issue 2, Fall: 137-152. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/atad/issue/16791/174439
  • Taylor, R. R. (1986). A positive guide to theft deterrence. Personnel Journal, 65(8), 36-40. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1987-09043-001
  • Uzelli, İ. (2005). Sensorium. Sersormatik Security Systems Publication, Issue:8, Publication Place: İstanbul. http://www.sensormatic.com.tr
  • Vandenberghe, C., & Tremblay, M. (2008). The role of pay satisfaction and organizational commitment in turnover intentions: A two-sample study. Journal of Business and Psychology, 22(3), 275– 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10869-008-9063-3
  • Wimbush, J. C. & Dalton, D. R. (1997). Base rate for employee theft: Convergence of multiple methods. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82 (5), 756-763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.82.5.756
  • Yeni Barometre (2015). 2014-2015 Global perakende hırsızlık barometresi, November. https://docplayer.biz.tr/26950471-Yeni-barometre-global-perakende-hirsizlik-barometresi.html

OVERVIEW OF “EMPLOYEE THEFT IN TURKEY AND IN THE WORLD”: TYPES, CAUSES, COSTS AND PREVENTION STUDIES

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 1, 223 - 238, 31.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1065370

Abstract

Considering the material and moral losses caused by employee theft, the idea that it should take place more in the business and management literature has recently started to become widespread. The types and causes of employee theft, which can be defined as the unauthorized taking or transfer of the company's property or money during the official working time, are various. In this study, primarily aimed; to reveal the current situation regarding the employee theft problem in Turkey and in the World by giving wide coverage to the various findings, examples and statistics revealed by the studies on employee theft carried out to date in the literature, thus separating the employee theft on this basis into types and attracting the attention of other researchers. Other aims of the study; to analyze the causes mainly business-related and management reasons and costs of employee theft, with the statistical findings that have been reached to date, and to provide information about the prevention studies that are currently being implemented in various businesses and to make suggestions on how these studies can be developed.

References

  • Alan, A., Ehtiyar, V., R. & Ömüriş, E. (2010). Beş yıldızlı otel işletmelerinde hırsızlık sorunsalı: Antalya-Kundu örneği. 11. National Tourism Congress Proceedings Book, 26-33. http://documents.tips/documents/11-ulusal-kongre-kitabi.html
  • Appelbaum, S. H., Iaconi, G. D. & Matousek, A. (2007). Positive and negative deviant workplace behaviors: Causes, ımpacts, and solutions. Corporate Governance, 7(5), 586– 598. https://doi.org/10.1108/14720700710827176
  • Babadağ, M. & Kerse, G. (2019). Zaman hırsızlığı ölçeğinin Türkçe uyarlamasının geçerliliğinin yeniden değerlendirilmesi ve kişilik özellikleri ile zaman hırsızlığı arasındaki ilişki. Journal of BAIBU Social Sciences Institute, Vol: 19, Issue: 2/Summer: 419-438. https://doi.org/10.11616/basbed.v19i47045.523976
  • Bozkurt, N. (2009). İşletmelerin kara deliği hile: Çalışan hileleri. 1. Press, Alfa Publications.
  • Bullard,.P.D. & Resnick, A. J. (1983). Too many hands in the corporate cookie jar. Sloan Management Review, 25(1), 51-56, https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10264477/
  • Chen, C. X., & Sandino, T. (2012). Can wages buy honesty? The relationship between relative wages and employee theft. Journal of Accounting Research, 50(4), 967– 1000. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-679X.2012.00456.x
  • Chen P.Y and Spector P.E. (1992). Relationships of work stresors with aggression, withdrawal theft and substance use: An exploratory study. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65, 177-184. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8325.1992.tb00495.x
  • Cohen, L. E., & Felson, M. (1979). Social change and crime rate trends: A routine activity approach. American Sociological Review, 44(40), 588– 608. https://doi.org/2094589
  • Cox, D., Cox, A. D. & Moschis, G. P. (1990). When consumer behavior goes bad: An investigation of adolescent shoplifting. Journal of Consumer Research, 17(2), 149– 159. https://doi.org/10.1086/208545
  • Ding, Z., Liu, W., Zhang, G. & Wang, H. (2018). Supervisor narcissism and time theft: Investigating the mediating roles of emotional exhaustion and the moderating roles of attachment style. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, s.1-10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02215
  • Digital Talks Ekibi (2021). Walmart, ödeme sıralarındaki hırsızlığı önlemek için yapay zeka ile çalışan kameraları kullanıyor. Digital Talks. https://www.digitaltalks.org/2019/06/24/walmart-odeme-siralarindaki-hirsizligi-onlemek-icin-yapay-zeka-ile-calisan-kameralari-kullaniyor/
  • Fishbein, M. & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention and behavior: An introduction to theory and research reading. MA:Addison-Wesley. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233897090_Belief_attitude_intention_and_behaviour_An_introduction_to_theory_and_research
  • Foley, K. (2014). How big of a problem is employee theft and fraud?. Incorp. http://www.incorp.com/employee-theft-and-fraud-part1.aspx
  • Greenberg, J. (1990). Employee theft as a reaction to underpayment ınequity: The hidden cost of pay cuts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75 (5), 561-568. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.75.5.561
  • Greenberg, L. & Barling, J. (1996). Employee Theft, In C.L. Cooper ve D.M. Rousseau (Eds.), Trends in Organizational Behavior, Vol. 3 (pp.50-64). John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
  • Greenberg, J. (1997). The steal motive: Managing the social determinants of employee theft. In R. Giacalone and J.Greenberg (Eds), Antisocial Behavior in Organizations (pp.85-108). Sage Publications.
  • Greenberg L & Barling J (1999). Predicting employee aggression againts coworkers, sobordinates and supervisors: The roles of person behaviors and pecevied workplace factors. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 20, 897-913. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1379(199911)20:6<897::AID-JOB975>3.0.CO;2-Z
  • Gross-Schaefer, A., Trigilio, J., Negus, J. & Ro, C. (2000). Ethics education in the workplace: An effective tool to combat employee theft. Journal of Business Ethics, 26, 89-100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006038310865
  • Gruys, M.L. (2000). The dimensionality of deviant employee behavior ın the workplace. [Doctoral dissertation, The University of Minnesota]. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/235147561_The_Dimensionality_of_Deviant_Employee_Behavior_in_the_Workplace
  • Guthrie, J., Todd, S. & Bailey, A. A. (2006). Retail employee theft: a theory of planned behavior perspective. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 34(11), 802– 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09590550610710219
  • Hollinger, R.C. & Clark, J.P (1983). Theft by employees. Lexington. MA.: Lexington Books.
  • Jack L. Hayes International (2021). 33rd Annual retail theft survey. https://hayesinternational.com/news/annual-retail-theft-survey/
  • Karalar, R. (2012). Perakende mağazacılıkta mağaza güvenliği: Müşteri ve çalışanların hırsızlığı. Dünya. https://www.dunya.com/gundem/perakende-magazacilikta-magaza-guvenligi-musteri-ve-calisanlarin-haberi-189795
  • Kelloway, E. K., Loughlin, C., Barling, J., & Nault, A. (2002). Self-reported counterproductive behaviors and organizational citizenship behaviors: Separate but related constructs. International Journal of Selection and Assessment, 10( ½),143-151. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1111/1468-2389.00201
  • Korgaonkar, P., Becerra Enrique P., Mangleburg, T. & Bilgihan A. (2021). Retail employee theft: When retail security alone is not enough. Psychology & Marketing, 38(5), 721-734. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mar.21460
  • Krippel, G. L., Henderson, L. R. & Keene, M. A. (2008). Employee theft and the coastal south carolina hospitality industry: Incidence, detection, and response (Survey Results 2000, 2005). Tourism and Hospitality Research, 8 (3), 226-238. https://doi.org/10.1057/thr.2008.22
  • Lau, V.C., Au, W. T. & Ho, J. M. (2003). A qualitative and quantitative review of antecedents of counterproductive behavior in organizations. Journal of Business and Psychology, 18(1), 73-99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1025035004930
  • Macro Retail Akademi (2021). Açık ve yakın tehlike; personel hırsızlıkları. https://www.macroretail.com/2013/06/personel-hirsizliklari.html
  • McDaniel, M. A. & Jones, J. W. (1988). Predicting employee theft: A quantitative review of the validity of a standardized measure of dishonesty. Journal Of Busıness And Psychology, 2 (4), Summer 1988. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1007/BF01013765
  • Mangione, T.W. & Quinn, R.P. (1975). Job satisfaction, counterproductive behavior and drug use at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 60(1), 114-116. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076355
  • Martin, L.E., Brock, M.E., Buckley, M.R., & Ketchen Jr, D. J. (2010). Time banditry: examining the purloining of time in organizations. Human Resource Management Review, 20, 26-34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hrmr.2009.03.013
  • Miner, J.B. & Capps, M.H. (1996). How honesty testing works. Westport, CT. Quorum Books.
  • Mount, M., Ilies, R. & Johnson, E. (2006). Relationship of personality traits and counterproductive work behaviors: The mediating effects of job satisfaction. Personel Psychology, 59, 591-622. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2006.00048.x
  • Niehoff, B. P. & Paul, R. J. (2000). Causes of employee theft and strategies that HR managers can use for prevention. Human Resource Management. Spring 2000, 39 (1). 51-64. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-050X(200021)39:1%3C51::AID-HRM5%3E3.0.CO;2-5
  • O'Brien, K., Minjock, R.M., Colarelli, S.M. & Yang, C.(2018). Kinship ties and employee theft perceptions in family-owned businesses. European Management Journal, 36, 421-430. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2017.06.006
  • Özel Güvenlik Dünyası (2016). Çalışan hırsızlıklarının nedenleri. http://www.ozelguvenlikdunyasi.com
  • Pcs (2021). Referanslarımız. http://www.psctr.com/referanslarimiz
  • Robinson, S. L., & Bennett, R. J. (1995). A typology of deviant workplace behaviors: A multidimensional scaling study. Academy of Management Journal, 38(2), 555– 572. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/256693
  • Sermaye Piyasası Kurulu (2021). Bilgi Suistimali. https://www.spk.gov.tr/Sayfa/AltSayfa/1221
  • Shavell, R. (2020). Prevent data theft by disgruntled employees. HRFuture. https://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?vid=8&sid=ea5ffdf1-95d4-4cdc-bc18-7460e6781eda%40pdc-v-sessmgr02
  • Slora, K.B. (1989). An empirical approach to determining employee deviance base rates. Journal of Business and Psychology, 4(2), 199-217. https://www.jstor.org/stable/25092227?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
  • Şentürk, F. & Kasap, M. (2013). Beyaz yaka suçları ve finansal yolsuzluklar. Journal of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences of Çankırı Karatekin University, 3(2), 143-167. https://app.trdizin.gov.tr/makale/TVRZM05ETXdNQT09/beyaz-yaka-suclari-ve-finansal-yolsuzluklar
  • Tarkan, G. & Tepeci, M. (2006). Örgütsel adalet ve yönetimde merkezileşmenin çalışan hırsızlığına etkileri: Mersin üniversitesi turizm işletmeciliği ve otelcilik yüksekokulu öğrenci algılamaları üzerine bir araştırma. Anatolia: Journal of Tourism Studies, Vol 17, Issue 2, Fall: 137-152. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/atad/issue/16791/174439
  • Taylor, R. R. (1986). A positive guide to theft deterrence. Personnel Journal, 65(8), 36-40. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1987-09043-001
  • Uzelli, İ. (2005). Sensorium. Sersormatik Security Systems Publication, Issue:8, Publication Place: İstanbul. http://www.sensormatic.com.tr
  • Vandenberghe, C., & Tremblay, M. (2008). The role of pay satisfaction and organizational commitment in turnover intentions: A two-sample study. Journal of Business and Psychology, 22(3), 275– 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10869-008-9063-3
  • Wimbush, J. C. & Dalton, D. R. (1997). Base rate for employee theft: Convergence of multiple methods. Journal of Applied Psychology, 82 (5), 756-763. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.82.5.756
  • Yeni Barometre (2015). 2014-2015 Global perakende hırsızlık barometresi, November. https://docplayer.biz.tr/26950471-Yeni-barometre-global-perakende-hirsizlik-barometresi.html
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Mehtap Aracı Kazıcı 0000-0001-9531-8035

Publication Date March 31, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 12 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Aracı Kazıcı, M. (2022). OVERVIEW OF “EMPLOYEE THEFT IN TURKEY AND IN THE WORLD”: TYPES, CAUSES, COSTS AND PREVENTION STUDIES. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 12(1), 223-238. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1065370