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İŞSİZLİK YARDIMLARININ BİREYLERİN SAĞLIK ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ: TÜRKİYE ÖRNEĞİ

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 1912 - 1923, 02.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1141045

Abstract

İşsizlik, bireyleri, aileleri çeşitli şekillerde olumsuz etkileyebilmektedir. Bireyler işsiz kaldıklarında gelir kaybının yanında ruhsal ve bedensel sağlık sorunları yaşayabilirler. Bu çalışma, işsizlik yardımlarının sağlık üzerindeki etkisini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) "Gelir ve Yaşam Koşulları Araştırması Mikro Panel Veri Seti (2015-2018)" analiz için kullanmıştır. Analizlerde panel veri yöntemlerinden olan “Sabit Etkiler Yöntemi” kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, işsizlik ödeneğinin sağlık üzerinde olumlu etkisi olduğunu göstermiştir. Ayrıca, işsizlik yardımlarının sağlıkta iyileşme açısından önemli bir rol oynadığını gösteriyoruz. Bir diğer önemli bulgu ise eğitim seviyesi ve gelir artışıyla birlikte bireylerin sağlığının kötüleştiği ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmada işsizlik ödeneğinin bireylerin sağlığını iyileştirdiği sonucuna varıldığından, Türkiye gibi gelişmekte olan ülkelere yönelik işsizlik ödeneğine ayrılan bütçenin artırılmasına yönelik politikalar çalışmanın önerileri arasında yer almaktadır.

References

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  • Björklund, A. & Eriksson, T. (1998). Unemployment and mental health: evidence from research in the Nordic countries. Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 7, 219-235.
  • Bölükbaşı, F. (2018). Çok boyutlu panel veri modelleri: firma karakteristiklerinin sermaye yapısı üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi. Yüksek lisans Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Corsini, L. (2011). On wealth, unemployment benefits and unemployment duration: some evidence from Italy. Discussion Papers 2011/119, Dipartimento di Economia e-Management (DEM), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
  • Cylus, J., Glymour, M. M. & Avendano, M. (2015). Health effects of unemployment benefit program generosity. Am J Public Health, 105(2). 317–323.
  • Erus, B., Yakut-Cakar, B., Cali, S., & Adaman, F. (2015). Health policy for the poor: an exploration on the take-up of means-tested health benefits in Turkey. Social Science & Medicine, 130, 99-106
  • Frank, C. R. Jr. (1968). Urban unemployment and economic growth in Africa. Oxford Economic Papers. 20(2), 250-74. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. & Black, W. C. (2009). Multivariate data analysis. (7th Edition). Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
  • Heggebø, K. (2016). Hiring, employment, and health in Scandinavia: the Danish ‘flexicurity’ model in comparative perspective. European Societies, 18(5), 460-486.
  • Helliwell, J. F. & Putnam, R. D. (2004). The Social Context of Well-Being. The Royal Society Publishing, 359, 1435-144.
  • ILO, 2021 ILO’dan COVID-19 Krizi Karşısında Ülkelerin Aldığı Sosyal Koruma Tedbirleri Raporu. (2021 Nisan 9). https://www.ilo.org/ankara/areas-of-work/covid19/WCMS_741448/lang--tr/index.htm, Retrieved from:22.01.2022.
  • Junankar, P. N., & Kapuscinski C. A. (1991). Aboriginal employment and unemployment: an overview. Economic Papers, 10 (4), 30-43.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2006). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Ankara: AsilYayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti. 331.
  • Karsten, P. I. & Klaus, M. (2009). Unemployment impairs mental health: Meta-analyses. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(3), 264-282.
  • Kroll, L.E. & Lampert, T. (2011). Unemployment, social support and health problems: results of the GEDA study in Germany, 2009. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 108(4), 47-52.
  • Marmot, M. & Wilkinson, R.G. (2006). Social determinants of health, 220 nd edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • Mathers, C. (1994). Health differentials among adult Australians aged 25-64 years. AGPS, Canberra, ISSN: 1036 6138,Cat. no: AIHW 329,Pages: 308.
  • Matoba, T., Ishitake, T., & Noguchi, R. (2003). A 2-year follow-up survey of health and life style in Japanese unemployed persons. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 76(4), 302-308.
  • McLean, C., Carmona, C., Francis, S., Wohlgemuth, C. & Mulvihill, C. (2005). Worklessness and health - what do we know about the causal relationship?. Evidence review. 1st edition. Health Development Agency, London.
  • Mahiroglu, A. & Korkmaz, A. (2013). İşsizlikle mücadelede emek piyasası politikaları, Ekin Basım Yayın, 3.Baskı.
  • Molnar A., O’Campo, P., Ng, E., Mitchell, C., Muntaner, C., Renahy, E. & Shankardass, K. (2015). Protocol: realist synthesis of the impactt of unemployment insurance policies on poverty and health. Eval Program Plann. 48, 1-9. Ozdamar, K. (2002). Paket Programları ile İstatistiksel Veri Analizi- 2 (Çok Değişkenli Analizler). Kaan Kitapevi Eskişehir.
  • Ozdamar O. & Giovanis E. (2015). The effects of old age pensions on health status: evidence from the health survey in Turkey. The Empirical Economics Letters, 14(3), 205-212.
  • Ozdamar O. & Giovanis E. (2016). The effect of survivors’ benefits on poverty and health status of widowed women. Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research, 6(3), 232250.
  • Ozdamar, O. & Giovanis, E. (2017). The causal effects of survivors’ benefits on health status and poverty of widows in Turkey: Evidence from Bayesian Networks. Economic Analysis and Policy, 53, 46-61.
  • Ozdamar, Ö. , Kılınç, Z. S. & Giovanis, E. (2021). Türkiye’de işsizliğin ekstra maliyeti ve işsizlik ödeneklerinin maddi yoksunluk üzerine etkisi. İzmir İktisat Dergisi, 36 (3) , 535-554 . DOI: 10.24988/ije.202136303
  • Rodriguez, E., Lasch, K., & Mead, J. P. (1997). The potential role of unemployment benefits in shaping the mental health impact of unemployment. International Journal of Health Services, 27(4), 601-623
  • Rogerson, R., Shimer, R. & Wright, R. (2005). Search-theoretic models of the labor market: a survey. Journal of Economic Literature, 43, 959-988.
  • Saunders, P. (2002). Mutual obligation, participation and popularity. Social security reform in Australia. Journal of Social Policy, 31, 21-38.
  • Saunders, P. & Taylor, P. (2002). The price of prosperity. The economic and social costs of unemployment. University of New South Wales Press, Sydney.
  • Shahidi, F. V., Muntaner, C., Shankardass, K., Quiñonez, C. & Siddiqi, A. (2019). The effect of unemployment benefits on health: A propensity score analysis. Social Science & Medicine, 226, 198-206.
  • Tatoğlu, F. Y. (2018). Panel veri ekonometrisi, stata uygulamalı. Beta Yayım Dağıtım A.Ş., 4. Baskı, İstanbul.
  • Unsal, E. M., (2005). Makro İktisat. Altıncı Baskı, Ankara: İmaj Yayınevi.
  • Yakut-Çakar, B., Erus, B., & Adaman, F. (2012). An inquiry on introducing a minimum income scheme in Turkey: Alternating between cost efficiency and poverty reduction. Journal of European Social Policy, 22(3), 305-318.
  • Waddell, G. & Burton, A.K. (2006). Is work good for your health and well-being?. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, ISBN 0 11 703694 3.
  • Wang, Q. (2015). The Effects of Unemployment Rate on Health Status of Chinese People. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 44(1), 28-35.

THE EFFECT OF UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFİTS ON HEALTH OF INDİVİDUALS: EVİDENCE FROM TURKEY

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 1912 - 1923, 02.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1141045

Abstract

Unemployment can negatively affect individuals and families in various ways. When individuals are unemployed, they may experience mental and physical health problems as well as loss of income. This study aims to examine the impact of unemployment benefits on health. Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) "Income and Living Conditions Survey Micro Panel Dataset (2015-2018)" is used for the analysis. In analysis "Fixed Effects Method", which is one of the important panel data methods, is used. Findings have shown that unemployment benefits have a positive effect on health. Moreover, we show that unemployment benefits play an important role in terms of health improvement. Another important finding is that the health of individuals worsens with the increase in education level and income. Since it was concluded in the study that unemployment benefits improve the health of individuals, policies for developing countries such as Turkey to increase the budget allocated to unemployment benefits are among the recommendations of the study.

References

  • Bilgiç, R. & Yılmaz, N. (2013). The correlates of psychological health among the Turkish unemployed: psychological burden of financial help during unemployment. International Journal of Psychology, 48(5), 1000-1008.
  • Björklund, A. & Eriksson, T. (1998). Unemployment and mental health: evidence from research in the Nordic countries. Scandinavian Journal of Social Welfare, 7, 219-235.
  • Bölükbaşı, F. (2018). Çok boyutlu panel veri modelleri: firma karakteristiklerinin sermaye yapısı üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi. Yüksek lisans Tezi, Marmara Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
  • Corsini, L. (2011). On wealth, unemployment benefits and unemployment duration: some evidence from Italy. Discussion Papers 2011/119, Dipartimento di Economia e-Management (DEM), University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
  • Cylus, J., Glymour, M. M. & Avendano, M. (2015). Health effects of unemployment benefit program generosity. Am J Public Health, 105(2). 317–323.
  • Erus, B., Yakut-Cakar, B., Cali, S., & Adaman, F. (2015). Health policy for the poor: an exploration on the take-up of means-tested health benefits in Turkey. Social Science & Medicine, 130, 99-106
  • Frank, C. R. Jr. (1968). Urban unemployment and economic growth in Africa. Oxford Economic Papers. 20(2), 250-74. Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R. L. & Black, W. C. (2009). Multivariate data analysis. (7th Edition). Prentice Hall, New Jersey.
  • Heggebø, K. (2016). Hiring, employment, and health in Scandinavia: the Danish ‘flexicurity’ model in comparative perspective. European Societies, 18(5), 460-486.
  • Helliwell, J. F. & Putnam, R. D. (2004). The Social Context of Well-Being. The Royal Society Publishing, 359, 1435-144.
  • ILO, 2021 ILO’dan COVID-19 Krizi Karşısında Ülkelerin Aldığı Sosyal Koruma Tedbirleri Raporu. (2021 Nisan 9). https://www.ilo.org/ankara/areas-of-work/covid19/WCMS_741448/lang--tr/index.htm, Retrieved from:22.01.2022.
  • Junankar, P. N., & Kapuscinski C. A. (1991). Aboriginal employment and unemployment: an overview. Economic Papers, 10 (4), 30-43.
  • Kalaycı, Ş. (2006). SPSS uygulamalı çok değişkenli istatistik teknikleri. Ankara: AsilYayın Dağıtım Ltd. Şti. 331.
  • Karsten, P. I. & Klaus, M. (2009). Unemployment impairs mental health: Meta-analyses. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 74(3), 264-282.
  • Kroll, L.E. & Lampert, T. (2011). Unemployment, social support and health problems: results of the GEDA study in Germany, 2009. Deutsches Ärzteblatt International, 108(4), 47-52.
  • Marmot, M. & Wilkinson, R.G. (2006). Social determinants of health, 220 nd edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
  • Mathers, C. (1994). Health differentials among adult Australians aged 25-64 years. AGPS, Canberra, ISSN: 1036 6138,Cat. no: AIHW 329,Pages: 308.
  • Matoba, T., Ishitake, T., & Noguchi, R. (2003). A 2-year follow-up survey of health and life style in Japanese unemployed persons. International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health, 76(4), 302-308.
  • McLean, C., Carmona, C., Francis, S., Wohlgemuth, C. & Mulvihill, C. (2005). Worklessness and health - what do we know about the causal relationship?. Evidence review. 1st edition. Health Development Agency, London.
  • Mahiroglu, A. & Korkmaz, A. (2013). İşsizlikle mücadelede emek piyasası politikaları, Ekin Basım Yayın, 3.Baskı.
  • Molnar A., O’Campo, P., Ng, E., Mitchell, C., Muntaner, C., Renahy, E. & Shankardass, K. (2015). Protocol: realist synthesis of the impactt of unemployment insurance policies on poverty and health. Eval Program Plann. 48, 1-9. Ozdamar, K. (2002). Paket Programları ile İstatistiksel Veri Analizi- 2 (Çok Değişkenli Analizler). Kaan Kitapevi Eskişehir.
  • Ozdamar O. & Giovanis E. (2015). The effects of old age pensions on health status: evidence from the health survey in Turkey. The Empirical Economics Letters, 14(3), 205-212.
  • Ozdamar O. & Giovanis E. (2016). The effect of survivors’ benefits on poverty and health status of widowed women. Journal of Applied Economics and Business Research, 6(3), 232250.
  • Ozdamar, O. & Giovanis, E. (2017). The causal effects of survivors’ benefits on health status and poverty of widows in Turkey: Evidence from Bayesian Networks. Economic Analysis and Policy, 53, 46-61.
  • Ozdamar, Ö. , Kılınç, Z. S. & Giovanis, E. (2021). Türkiye’de işsizliğin ekstra maliyeti ve işsizlik ödeneklerinin maddi yoksunluk üzerine etkisi. İzmir İktisat Dergisi, 36 (3) , 535-554 . DOI: 10.24988/ije.202136303
  • Rodriguez, E., Lasch, K., & Mead, J. P. (1997). The potential role of unemployment benefits in shaping the mental health impact of unemployment. International Journal of Health Services, 27(4), 601-623
  • Rogerson, R., Shimer, R. & Wright, R. (2005). Search-theoretic models of the labor market: a survey. Journal of Economic Literature, 43, 959-988.
  • Saunders, P. (2002). Mutual obligation, participation and popularity. Social security reform in Australia. Journal of Social Policy, 31, 21-38.
  • Saunders, P. & Taylor, P. (2002). The price of prosperity. The economic and social costs of unemployment. University of New South Wales Press, Sydney.
  • Shahidi, F. V., Muntaner, C., Shankardass, K., Quiñonez, C. & Siddiqi, A. (2019). The effect of unemployment benefits on health: A propensity score analysis. Social Science & Medicine, 226, 198-206.
  • Tatoğlu, F. Y. (2018). Panel veri ekonometrisi, stata uygulamalı. Beta Yayım Dağıtım A.Ş., 4. Baskı, İstanbul.
  • Unsal, E. M., (2005). Makro İktisat. Altıncı Baskı, Ankara: İmaj Yayınevi.
  • Yakut-Çakar, B., Erus, B., & Adaman, F. (2012). An inquiry on introducing a minimum income scheme in Turkey: Alternating between cost efficiency and poverty reduction. Journal of European Social Policy, 22(3), 305-318.
  • Waddell, G. & Burton, A.K. (2006). Is work good for your health and well-being?. London: Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, ISBN 0 11 703694 3.
  • Wang, Q. (2015). The Effects of Unemployment Rate on Health Status of Chinese People. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 44(1), 28-35.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Business Administration
Authors

Banu Beyaz Sipahi 0000-0002-5242-5049

Publication Date October 2, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Beyaz Sipahi, B. (2022). THE EFFECT OF UNEMPLOYMENT BENEFİTS ON HEALTH OF INDİVİDUALS: EVİDENCE FROM TURKEY. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 12(3), 1912-1923. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1141045