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Validity and reliability study of early childhood visual perception test “(EÇ-GAT)”

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 2365 - 2392
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1519618

Abstract

The aim of this research is to develop the Early Childhood Visual Perception Test (EC-VPT) to evaluate the visual perception skills of children aged 45-76 months and to conduct validity and reliability studies. The research was designed as a survey study. The study group, determined by simple random sampling, consists of 620 children. As part of the validity studies, the content and construct validity of the test were examined. Based on theoretical knowledge, the EC-VPT was structured to include two dimensions and eleven subtests, and expert opinions obtained. For construct validity, items not meeting the criteria were removed from the final test form through Item Analysis. Subsequently, Parallel Analysis demonstrated that each subtest of the EC-VPT has a single-factor structure. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) confirmed the model of the EC-VPT, with fit index values indicating a good fit between the model and the data. Within the scope of reliability studies, the Average Item Difficulty, Average Point-Biserial Correlation coefficient, McDonald's (ω) Reliability coefficient, and Test-Retest Reliability were calculated. As a result of the conducted validity and reliability studies, the EC-VPT has been determined to be a valid and reliable assessment tool.

References

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  • Brown, T. (2012). Are motor-free visual perception skill constructs predictive of visual-motor integration skill constructs? Hong Kong Journal of Occupational Therapy, 22(2), 48-59.
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Erken çocukluk görsel algı testinin “(EÇ-GAT)’ın” geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması

Year 2024, Volume: 14 Issue: 4, 2365 - 2392
https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1519618

Abstract

Araştırmanın amacı, 45-76 aylık çocukların görsel algı becerilerini değerlendirmeye yönelik Erken Çocukluk Görsel Algı Testi (EÇ-GAT)’ni geliştirmek ve geçerlik-güvenirlik çalışmasını gerçekleştirmektir. Araştırma tarama modelinde yürütülmüştür. Basit tesadüfî örnekleme yoluyla belirlenen çalışma grubunda 620 çocuk yer almaktadır. Geçerlik çalışmaları kapsamında testin kapsam ve yapı geçerliği sınanmıştır. Kuramsal bilgiler ışığında EÇ-GAT iki boyut ve on bir alt testten oluşacak şekilde yapılandırılmış ve uzman görüşleri alınmıştır. Yapı geçerliliği için önce Madde Analizi ile kriterlere uymayan maddeler nihai test formundan çıkarılmıştır. Daha sonra Paralel Analiz ile EÇ-GAT’ın her bir alt testinin tek faktörlü bir yapıya sahip olduğu ortaya konmuştur. Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi ile EÇ-GAT’a ait model doğrulanmıştır. Ayrıca hesaplanan uyum indeksi değerleri modelin veriye uyum gösterdiğini göstermektedir. Güvenirlik çalışmaları kapsamında ise; Ortalama Madde Güçlüğü, Ortalama Nokta Çift Serili Korelasyon katsayısı, McDonald’s (ω) Güvenirlik katsayısı ve Test–Tekrar Test Güvenirliği hesaplanmıştır. Yapılan geçerlik-güvenirlik çalışması sonucunda EÇ-GAT’ın geçerli ve güvenilir bir değerlendirme aracı olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

Ethical Statement

Yapılan bu araştırmada, yazarlar aralarında herhangi bir çıkar çatışması bulunmadığını, tüm araştırmacıların araştırmaya katkı sağladığını ve tüm etik kurallara uyulduğunu beyan etmiştir.

References

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  • American Educational Research Association (2014). Glossary of testing, measurement, and statistical terms. Joint committee on the standards for educational and psychological testing of the AERA, APA, and NCME. Standards for educational and psychological testing. https://www.hmhco.com/~/media/sites/home/hmh-assessments/hmhassessments_ testingtermglossary.pdf?la=en
  • American Occupational Therapy Association (1991). Statement: Occupational therapy provision for children with learning disabilities and/or mild to moderate perceptual and motor deficits. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 45, 1069–1073.
  • Aral, N. & Bütün Ayhan, A. (2016). Frostig görsel algı testinin Türkçeye uyarlanması. The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies, 50, 1-22.
  • Australian Council for Educational Research (2011). Interpreting ACER Test Results. https://www.acer.org/files/PATM-Interpreting-Scores.pdf
  • Beery, K. E., & Beery, N. A. (2010). The Beery-buktenica developmental test of visual-motor integration (Beery VMI), sixth edition: With supplemental developmental tests of visual perception and motor coordination and stepping stones age norms from birth to age six: Administration, scoring, and teaching manual. Pearson.
  • Bender, L. (2003). Bender visual-motor gestalt test - Second edition. American Orthopsychiatric Association. Pearson.
  • Brown T. (2012). Are motor-free visual perception skill constructs predictive of visual-motor integration skill constructs? Hong Kong Journal Occupational Therapy, 22(2), 48–59.
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  • Brown, T. A. (2015). Confirmatory factor analysis for applied research. Guilford Publications.
  • Brown, T., Rodger, S., & Davis, A. (2008). Factor structure of the four motor-free scales of the Developmental Test of Visual Perception 2nd edition (DTPV-2). American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 62(5), 502–513.
  • Bryman, A., & Cramer, D. (2001). Quantitative data analysis with SPSS release 10 for Windows. Routledge.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2016). Deneysel desenler: Öntest-sontest, kontrol grubu, desen ve veri analizi. Pegem Akademi. Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2024). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. Pegem Akademi.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. & Demirel, F. (2024). Eğitimde bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri. Pegem Akademi.
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  • Coetzee, D., Pienaar, A. E., & Van Wyk, Y. (2020). Relationship between academic achievement, visual-motor integration, gender and socio-economic status: North-west child health integrated with learning and development study. South African Journal of Childhood Education 10(1), 1-11.
  • Colarusso, R., & Hammill, D. (2015). Motor-free visual perception test-4 (MVPT-4). Academic Therapy Publications.
  • Cooper, M., Carello, C., & Turvey, M. T. (1999). Further evidence of perceptual independence (specificity) in dynamic touch. Ecological Psychology 11(4), 269–281.
  • Crawford, A. V., Green, S. B., Levy, R., Lo, W. J., Scott, L., Svetina, D., & Thompson, M. S. (2010). Evaluation of parallel analysis methods for determining the number of factors. Educational and Psychological Methods, 70, 885-901.
  • Çayir, A. (2017). Analyzing the reading skills and visual perception levels of first grade students. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(7), 1113-1116.
  • Çokluk, Ö., Şekercioğlu, G., & Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2021). Sosyal bilimler için çok değişkenli istatistik: SPSS ve LISREL uygulamaları. Pegem Akademi.
  • De Waal, E., Pienaar, A. E., & Coetzee, D. (2018). Influence of different visual perceptual constructs on academic achievement among learners in the NW-CHILD Study. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 125(5), 966-988.
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  • Deitchman Gertrude, P. C. (2001). Preschool visual motor integration assessment (PVMIA). Therapro.
  • Dhingra, R., Manhas, S., & Kohli, N. (2010). Relationship of perceptual abilities with academic performance of children. Journal of Social Sciences, 23(2), 143-147.
  • Dinno, A. (2009). Exploring the sensitivity of Horn’s paralel analysis to the distributional form of random data. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 44, 362-388.
  • Doğan, H. (1989). Spastik tip cerebral palsyli çocuklarda görsel algı gelişimi ve frostig görsel algı eğitimine etkisi [Yüksek lisans tezi, İstanbul Üniversitesi]. Ulusal Tez Merkezi.
  • Evans, D. W., Elliott, J. M., & Packard, M. G. (2001). Visual organization and perceptual closure are related to compulsive-like behavior in typically developing children. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 47(3), 323–335.
  • Fang, Y., Wang, J., Zhang, Y., & Qin, J. (2017). The relationship of motor coordination, visual perception, and executive function to the development of 4–6-year-old Chinese preschoolers’ visual motor integration skills. Biomed Research International, 2017(1), 1-8.
  • Field, A. (2013). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics. Sage. Gallahue D. L., Ozmun, J. C., & Goodway, J. D. (2020). Motor gelişimi anlamak - bebekler, çocuklar, ergenler, yetişkinler (D. S. Özer & A. Aktop Çev. Ed.). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
  • Geiger Meghan, E. (2004). Are visual perceptual skills related to mathematics ability in second graders? The Free Library. https://www.thefreelibrary.com/Are+visual+perceptual+skills+related+to+mathematics+ability+in+second...-a0125948684
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There are 84 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Child Development Education
Journal Section PSİKOLOJİ
Authors

Mehmet Akif İnci 0000-0002-0128-6050

Adalet Kandır 0000-0002-9917-2587

Early Pub Date December 27, 2024
Publication Date
Submission Date July 20, 2024
Acceptance Date September 24, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 14 Issue: 4

Cite

APA İnci, M. A., & Kandır, A. (2024). Erken çocukluk görsel algı testinin “(EÇ-GAT)’ın” geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması. Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli Üniversitesi SBE Dergisi, 14(4), 2365-2392. https://doi.org/10.30783/nevsosbilen.1519618