Investigation of the mechanical and optical properties of different colored PLA materials produced by 3D printers

Year 2025, Volume: 14 Issue: 3, 837 - 845, 15.07.2025

Mustafa Samet Özkara , Furkan Güneş , Erhan Baysal , Furkan Parmaksız , Nergizhan Anaç , Oğuz Koçar

https://doi.org/10.28948/ngumuh.1643581

Abstract

3D printing is one of the popular additive manufacturing methods. Filament materials and added additives (colorants, plasticizers, fillers, etc.) used in 3D printers affect the production process as well as the visual, mechanical, and optical properties of the product. This study was conducted to help researchers using 3D printers understand the relationship between strength, color, and surface structures (glossy, matte) in printed products. Parts were printed using eight different colors of PLA Plus filament (white, orange, pink, light blue, red, golden yellow, black and brown) with 100% infill. Surface roughness, mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and hardness), and optical properties (color and gloss) were analyzed. The highest tensile and flexural strength values were found in white filament (59.06 MPa and 108.75 N, respectively). This color also had the highest hardness (86.28 Shore D), the lowest surface roughness (2.95 µm), and the glossiest surface. The results indicate that filament colors significantly affect mechanical properties, and 3D printer users should consider color selection in production.

Keywords

3D printing , PLA Plus , Mechanical properties , Surface roughness , Optical properties

3B yazıcılarda üretilmiş farklı renkli PLA malzemelerin mekanik ve optik özelliklerinin incelenmesi

Abstract

3B yazdırma işlemi, popüler eklemeli imalat yöntemlerinden biridir. 3B yazıcılarda kullanılan filament malzemeleri ve eklenen katkı maddeleri (renklendiriciler, plastikleştiriciler, dolgu malzemeleri vs.) üretim sürecini, ürünün görsel, mekanik ve optik özelliklerini etkileyen unsurlardır. Bu çalışma 3B yazıcıda üretim yapan araştırmacıların ürünlerde mukavemet, renk ve yüzey yapıları (parlak, mat) arasındaki ilişkiyi anlaması için yapılmıştır. Sekiz farklı renk PLA Plus filament (beyaz, turuncu, pembe, açık mavi, kırmızı, altın sarı, siyah ve kahverengi) ile %100 doluluk oranında parçalar basılmış ve yüzey pürüzlülüğü, mekanik (çekme, eğme ve sertlik) ve optik özellikler (renk ve parlaklık) incelenmiştir. Deneylerde, en iyi çekme ve eğme mukavemeti beyaz filamentte sırasıyla 59.06 MPa ve 108.75 N olarak bulunmuştur. Bu renk malzemede en yüksek sertlik değeri (86.28 Shore D), en düşük yüzey pürüzlülüğü (2.95 µm) ve en parlak yüzey ölçülmüştür. Sonuçlar filament renklerinin mekanik özelliklerde önemli bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ve 3B yazıcı kullanıcılarının üretimde renkleri dikkate alması gerektiğini göstermektedir.

Keywords

3B baskı , PLA Plus , Mekanik özellikler , Yüzey pürüzlülüğü , Optik özellikler

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