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İZLENİM YÖNETİMİNİN OLUMSUZ ÖRGÜTSEL SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ VE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ LİDER ŞİRKETLERDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR

Year 2016, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 43 - 66, 25.01.2016

Abstract

Bu çalışma, örgütlerde izlenim yönetimi taktiklerinin (niteliklerini tanıtma, kendini sevdirme ve örnek olma) kullanım düzeyini ve olumsuz örgütsel sonuçları (sinizm ve adaletsizlik algısını) nasıl etkilediğini, performans değerleme sürecinden duyulan memnuniyetsizliğin aracılık rolü kapsamında incelemektedir. Bu kapsamda Fortune-Türkiye Dergisi 2011 yılı ilk 500 şirket listesinden, sektör ve istihdam yapılarına göre seçilen temsili 30 şirketteki 369 beyaz yakalı çalışana anket uygulanmıştır. Farklı analizlerden elde edilen sonuçlar, teorik beklentilere göre yapısal eşitlik modellemesi ile oluşturulan hipotezleri destekler niteliktedir. Tüm bulgular, izlenim yönetimi taktiklerinin kullanılma düzeyi ile örgütsel sinizm ve adaletsizlik algısı arasındaki negatif ilişkilerde, performans değerleme sonuçlarından duyulan memnuniyetsizlik algısının önemli bir aracı faktör olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır.  

References

  • Abraham, R. (2000). Organizational cynicism: Bases and consequences. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 126(3), 269-292.
  • Ambrose, M.L., Seabright, M.A., & Schminke, M. (2002). Sabotage in the workplace: The role of organizational injustice. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 89,947-965.
  • Andersson, L.M., & Bateman, T.S. (1997). Cynicism in the workplace: Some causes and effects, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 449-469.
  • Arif, A., Rizvi, S.H.M., Abbas, Q., Akhtar, S., & Imran, M. (2011). Impact of impression management on performance rating. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(2), 711-729.
  • Arkin, R.M., & Shepperd, J.A. (1989). Self-Presentation Styles in Organizations. R. A. Giacalone & P. Rosenfeld (Eds). Impression management in the organization. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Barnes-Farrell, J.L. (2001). Performance Appraisal: Person Perception Processes and Challenges. M. London (Eds). How people evaluate others in organizations. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Baron, R.M., & Kenny, D.A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
  • Basım, N., Tatar, İ., & Şahin, N.H. (2006). Çalışma yaşamında izlenim yönetimi: Bir ölçek uyarlama çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 9(18), 1-17.
  • Bayram, N. (2010). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş: AMOS uygulamaları. (1. Baskı), Bursa: Ezgi Kitabevi.
  • Bedeian, A.G. (2007). Even if the tower is “ivory”, it isn’t “white”: Understanding the consequences of faculty cynicism. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 6(1), 9-32.
  • Bolino, M.C., Kacmar, K.M., Turnley, W.H., & Gilstrap, J.B. (2008). A multi-level review of impression management motives and behaviors. Journal of Management, 34(6), 1080-1109.
  • Bolino, M.C., & Turnley, W.H. (1999). Measuring impression management in organizations: A scale development based on the Jones and Pittman taxonomy. Organizational Research Methods, 2(2), 187-206.
  • Bolino, M.C., & Turnley, W.H. (2001). Gender and the use of supplication and intimidation in organizations. Paper presented at the National Academy of Management Meeting. Academy of Management Proceedings.
  • Bolino, M.C., & Turnley, W.H. (2003). Counternormative impression management, likeability, and performance ratings: The use of intimidation in an organizational setting. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24, 237-250.
  • Bozeman, D.P., & Kacmar, K.M. (1997). A cybernetic model of impression management processes in organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 69(1), 9-30.
  • Brandes, P., Dharwadkar, R., & Dean, J. W. (1999). Does organizational cynicism matter? Employee and supervisor perspectives on work outcomes. Eastern Academy of Management Proceedings, 150-153.
  • Bromley, D.B. (1993). Reputation, image and impression management. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. (16. Baskı), Ankara: Pegem Yay.
  • Byrne, B.M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. (2nd ed.), New York: Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Cohen-Charash, Y., & Spector, P. E. (2001). The role of justice in organizations: A meta-analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 86(2), 278-321.
  • Colquitt, J.A., Conlon, D.E., Wesson, M.J., Porter, C.O.L.H., & Ng, K.Y. (2001). Justice at the millennium: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 425-445.
  • Davis,W.D., & Gardner, W.L. (2004). Perceptions of politics and organizational cynicism: An attributional and leader-member exchange perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 15,439-465.
  • Dean, J.W., Brandes, P., & Dharwadkar, R. (1998). Organizational cynicism. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 341-352.
  • Deluga, R. J. (2003). Kissing up to the boss: What it is and what to do about it?. Business Forum, 26(3/4), 14-18.
  • DuBrin, A.J. (2011). Impression management in the workplace: Research, theory and practice. New York and London: Routledge.
  • Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. (3rd. ed.), Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
  • Fleming, P. 2005. Workers' playtime? Boundaries and cynicism in a ‘culture of fun’ program. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 41(3), 285-303.
  • Fortune-Türkiye. (2012). Türkiye'nin En Büyük 500 Şirketi-2011. [http://www.fortuneturkey.com/fortune500-2011/, Erişim Tarihi: 10.03.2015].
  • Giacalone, R.A., & Rosenfeld, P. (1989). Impression Management in Organizations: An Overview. R. A. Giacalone & P. Rosenfeld (Eds.). Impression management in the organization. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Greenberg, J. (1990). Organizational justice: Yesterday, today and tomorrow. Journal of Management, 16(2), 399-432.
  • Greenberg, J. (2006). Losing sleep over organizational injustice: attenuating insomniac reactions to underpayment inequity with supervisory training in interactional justice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(1), 58-69.
  • Guastello, S.J., Rieke, M.L., Guastello, D.D., & Billings, S.W. (1992). A study of cynicism, personality and work values. The Journal of Psychology, 126(1), 37-48.
  • Hodson, R., Creighton, S., Jamison, C.S., Rieble, S., & Welsh, S. (1994). Loyalty to whom? Workplace participation and the development of consent. Human Relations, 47(8), 895-909.
  • Johnson, J.L., & O’Leary-Kelly, A.M. (2003). The effects of psychological contract breach and organizational cynicism: Not all social exchange violations are created equal. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24, 627-647.
  • Jones, E.E., & Pittman, T. S. (1982). Toward a General Theory of Strategic Self-Presentation. J. Suls (Eds.). Psychological perspectives on the self. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Judge, T.A., & Ferris, G.R. (1993). Social context of performance evaluation decisions. Academy of Management Journal, 36(1), 80-105.
  • Kacmar, K.M., & Carlson, D.S. (1999). Effectiveness of ımpression management tactics across human resource situations. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29(6), 1293-1311.
  • Karacaoğlu, K., & İnce, F. (2012). Brandes, Dharwadkar ve Dean’in (1999) örgütsel sinizm ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması: Kayseri organize sanayi bölgesi örneği. Business and Economics Research Journal, 3(3), 77-92.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, (3rd ed.), New York: Guilford Press.
  • Lam, S.S.K., Yik, M.S.M., & Schaubroeck, J. (2002). Responses to formal performance appraisal feedback: The role of negative affectivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1), 192-201.
  • Leary, M.R., & Kowalsky, R.M. (1990). Impression management: A literature review and two-component model. Psychological Bulletin, 107(1), 34-47.
  • Lee, C. (1985). Increasing performance appraisal effectiveness: matching task types, appraisal process, and rater training. Academy of Management Review, 10(2), 322-331.
  • Liden, R.C., & Mitchell, T.R. (1988). Ingratiatory behaviors in organizational setting. Academy of Management Review, 13(4), 572-587.
  • Loehlin, J. C. (2004). Latent variable models: An introduction to factor, path and structural equation analysis. 4th Ed., New Jersey: Lawrance Erlbaum Associates.
  • Lohr, S. L. (2010). Sampling: Design and Analysis. (2nd ed.), Boston, USA: Brooks/Cole.
  • McHenry, R. (2007). Who’s fooling whom? Exploring the impact of impression management in the workplace. [www.opp.eu.com, Erişim Tarihi: 07.03. 2015].
  • Miller, J.S., & Cardy, R.L. (2000). Self-monitoring and performance appraisal: Rating outcomes in project teams. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 609-626.
  • Neves, P. (2012). Organizational cynicism: Spillover effects on supervisor-subordinate relationships and performance. The Leadership Ouarterly, 23, 965-976.
  • Pitariu, G.V. (2007). Prediction of impression management in clinical supervision among practicum students. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of South Carolina. Columbia, USA.
  • Preacher, K. J., & Leonardelli, G.J. (2015). Calculation for the sobel test: An interactive calculation tool for mediation tests. [http://quantpsy.org/sobel/sobel.htm, Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2015].
  • Reichers, A.E., Wanous, J. P., & Austin, J.T. (1997). Understanding and managing cynicism about organizational change. Academy of Management Executive, 11(1), 48-59.
  • Rosenfeld, P., Giacalone, R.A., & Riordan, C.A. (2002). Impression management building and enhancing reputations at work. London: Thompson Learning.
  • Schlenker, B.R. (1980). Impression management: the self-concept, social identity, and interpersonal relations. Monterey: Brooks/Cole.
  • Schlenker, B.R., Lifka, A., & Wowra, S.A. (2004). Helping new acquaintances make the right impression: Balancing image concerns of others and self. Self and Identity, 3, 191-206.
  • Schneider, D.J. (1981). Tactical Self-Presentations: Toward A Broader Conception. J. T. Tedeschi (Ed). Impression management theory and social psychological research. New York: Academic Press, 23-40.
  • Schokker, M. (2007). The use of ımpression management tactics in groups overtime and the effect of the interpersonal outcomes of liking, competence and performance. Unpublished master thesis, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Holland.
  • Schütz, A. (1998). Assertive, offensive, protective, and defensive styles of self-presentation: A taxonomy. The Journal of Psychology, 132(6), 611-628.
  • Smith, D.E. (1986). Training programs for performance appraisal: A review. Academy of Management Review, 11(1), 22-40.
  • Stevens, J. P. (2009). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. 5th Ed., New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Villanova, P., & Bernardin, H.J. (1989). Impression Management in the Context of Performance Appraisal. R. A. Giacalone & P. Rosenfeld (Eds.). Impression management in the organization. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Wayne, S.J., & Kacmar, K.M. (1991). The effects of impression management on the performance appraisal process. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Process, 48(1), 70-88.
  • Wayne, S.J., & Liden, R.C. (1995). Effects of impression management on performance ratings: A longitudinal study. Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 232-260.
  • Yukl, G., & Falbe, C.M. (1990). Influence tactics and objectives in upward, downward and lateral influence attempts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(2), 132-140.
  • Zaidman, N., & Drory, A. (2001). Upward impression management in the work place cross-cultural analysis. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 25, 671-690.
Year 2016, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 43 - 66, 25.01.2016

Abstract

References

  • Abraham, R. (2000). Organizational cynicism: Bases and consequences. Genetic, Social and General Psychology Monographs, 126(3), 269-292.
  • Ambrose, M.L., Seabright, M.A., & Schminke, M. (2002). Sabotage in the workplace: The role of organizational injustice. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 89,947-965.
  • Andersson, L.M., & Bateman, T.S. (1997). Cynicism in the workplace: Some causes and effects, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 18, 449-469.
  • Arif, A., Rizvi, S.H.M., Abbas, Q., Akhtar, S., & Imran, M. (2011). Impact of impression management on performance rating. Interdisciplinary Journal of Contemporary Research in Business, 3(2), 711-729.
  • Arkin, R.M., & Shepperd, J.A. (1989). Self-Presentation Styles in Organizations. R. A. Giacalone & P. Rosenfeld (Eds). Impression management in the organization. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Barnes-Farrell, J.L. (2001). Performance Appraisal: Person Perception Processes and Challenges. M. London (Eds). How people evaluate others in organizations. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Baron, R.M., & Kenny, D.A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
  • Basım, N., Tatar, İ., & Şahin, N.H. (2006). Çalışma yaşamında izlenim yönetimi: Bir ölçek uyarlama çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 9(18), 1-17.
  • Bayram, N. (2010). Yapısal eşitlik modellemesine giriş: AMOS uygulamaları. (1. Baskı), Bursa: Ezgi Kitabevi.
  • Bedeian, A.G. (2007). Even if the tower is “ivory”, it isn’t “white”: Understanding the consequences of faculty cynicism. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 6(1), 9-32.
  • Bolino, M.C., Kacmar, K.M., Turnley, W.H., & Gilstrap, J.B. (2008). A multi-level review of impression management motives and behaviors. Journal of Management, 34(6), 1080-1109.
  • Bolino, M.C., & Turnley, W.H. (1999). Measuring impression management in organizations: A scale development based on the Jones and Pittman taxonomy. Organizational Research Methods, 2(2), 187-206.
  • Bolino, M.C., & Turnley, W.H. (2001). Gender and the use of supplication and intimidation in organizations. Paper presented at the National Academy of Management Meeting. Academy of Management Proceedings.
  • Bolino, M.C., & Turnley, W.H. (2003). Counternormative impression management, likeability, and performance ratings: The use of intimidation in an organizational setting. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24, 237-250.
  • Bozeman, D.P., & Kacmar, K.M. (1997). A cybernetic model of impression management processes in organizations. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 69(1), 9-30.
  • Brandes, P., Dharwadkar, R., & Dean, J. W. (1999). Does organizational cynicism matter? Employee and supervisor perspectives on work outcomes. Eastern Academy of Management Proceedings, 150-153.
  • Bromley, D.B. (1993). Reputation, image and impression management. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Sosyal bilimler için veri analizi el kitabı. (16. Baskı), Ankara: Pegem Yay.
  • Byrne, B.M. (2010). Structural equation modeling with AMOS: Basic concepts, applications, and programming. (2nd ed.), New York: Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Cohen-Charash, Y., & Spector, P. E. (2001). The role of justice in organizations: A meta-analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 86(2), 278-321.
  • Colquitt, J.A., Conlon, D.E., Wesson, M.J., Porter, C.O.L.H., & Ng, K.Y. (2001). Justice at the millennium: A meta-analytic review of 25 years of organizational justice research. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86(3), 425-445.
  • Davis,W.D., & Gardner, W.L. (2004). Perceptions of politics and organizational cynicism: An attributional and leader-member exchange perspective. The Leadership Quarterly, 15,439-465.
  • Dean, J.W., Brandes, P., & Dharwadkar, R. (1998). Organizational cynicism. Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 341-352.
  • Deluga, R. J. (2003). Kissing up to the boss: What it is and what to do about it?. Business Forum, 26(3/4), 14-18.
  • DuBrin, A.J. (2011). Impression management in the workplace: Research, theory and practice. New York and London: Routledge.
  • Field, A. (2009). Discovering statistics using SPSS. (3rd. ed.), Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications.
  • Fleming, P. 2005. Workers' playtime? Boundaries and cynicism in a ‘culture of fun’ program. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 41(3), 285-303.
  • Fortune-Türkiye. (2012). Türkiye'nin En Büyük 500 Şirketi-2011. [http://www.fortuneturkey.com/fortune500-2011/, Erişim Tarihi: 10.03.2015].
  • Giacalone, R.A., & Rosenfeld, P. (1989). Impression Management in Organizations: An Overview. R. A. Giacalone & P. Rosenfeld (Eds.). Impression management in the organization. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Greenberg, J. (1990). Organizational justice: Yesterday, today and tomorrow. Journal of Management, 16(2), 399-432.
  • Greenberg, J. (2006). Losing sleep over organizational injustice: attenuating insomniac reactions to underpayment inequity with supervisory training in interactional justice. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(1), 58-69.
  • Guastello, S.J., Rieke, M.L., Guastello, D.D., & Billings, S.W. (1992). A study of cynicism, personality and work values. The Journal of Psychology, 126(1), 37-48.
  • Hodson, R., Creighton, S., Jamison, C.S., Rieble, S., & Welsh, S. (1994). Loyalty to whom? Workplace participation and the development of consent. Human Relations, 47(8), 895-909.
  • Johnson, J.L., & O’Leary-Kelly, A.M. (2003). The effects of psychological contract breach and organizational cynicism: Not all social exchange violations are created equal. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24, 627-647.
  • Jones, E.E., & Pittman, T. S. (1982). Toward a General Theory of Strategic Self-Presentation. J. Suls (Eds.). Psychological perspectives on the self. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Judge, T.A., & Ferris, G.R. (1993). Social context of performance evaluation decisions. Academy of Management Journal, 36(1), 80-105.
  • Kacmar, K.M., & Carlson, D.S. (1999). Effectiveness of ımpression management tactics across human resource situations. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29(6), 1293-1311.
  • Karacaoğlu, K., & İnce, F. (2012). Brandes, Dharwadkar ve Dean’in (1999) örgütsel sinizm ölçeği Türkçe formunun geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik çalışması: Kayseri organize sanayi bölgesi örneği. Business and Economics Research Journal, 3(3), 77-92.
  • Kline, R. B. (2011). Principles and practice of structural equation modeling, (3rd ed.), New York: Guilford Press.
  • Lam, S.S.K., Yik, M.S.M., & Schaubroeck, J. (2002). Responses to formal performance appraisal feedback: The role of negative affectivity. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(1), 192-201.
  • Leary, M.R., & Kowalsky, R.M. (1990). Impression management: A literature review and two-component model. Psychological Bulletin, 107(1), 34-47.
  • Lee, C. (1985). Increasing performance appraisal effectiveness: matching task types, appraisal process, and rater training. Academy of Management Review, 10(2), 322-331.
  • Liden, R.C., & Mitchell, T.R. (1988). Ingratiatory behaviors in organizational setting. Academy of Management Review, 13(4), 572-587.
  • Loehlin, J. C. (2004). Latent variable models: An introduction to factor, path and structural equation analysis. 4th Ed., New Jersey: Lawrance Erlbaum Associates.
  • Lohr, S. L. (2010). Sampling: Design and Analysis. (2nd ed.), Boston, USA: Brooks/Cole.
  • McHenry, R. (2007). Who’s fooling whom? Exploring the impact of impression management in the workplace. [www.opp.eu.com, Erişim Tarihi: 07.03. 2015].
  • Miller, J.S., & Cardy, R.L. (2000). Self-monitoring and performance appraisal: Rating outcomes in project teams. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 21, 609-626.
  • Neves, P. (2012). Organizational cynicism: Spillover effects on supervisor-subordinate relationships and performance. The Leadership Ouarterly, 23, 965-976.
  • Pitariu, G.V. (2007). Prediction of impression management in clinical supervision among practicum students. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of South Carolina. Columbia, USA.
  • Preacher, K. J., & Leonardelli, G.J. (2015). Calculation for the sobel test: An interactive calculation tool for mediation tests. [http://quantpsy.org/sobel/sobel.htm, Erişim Tarihi: 01.05.2015].
  • Reichers, A.E., Wanous, J. P., & Austin, J.T. (1997). Understanding and managing cynicism about organizational change. Academy of Management Executive, 11(1), 48-59.
  • Rosenfeld, P., Giacalone, R.A., & Riordan, C.A. (2002). Impression management building and enhancing reputations at work. London: Thompson Learning.
  • Schlenker, B.R. (1980). Impression management: the self-concept, social identity, and interpersonal relations. Monterey: Brooks/Cole.
  • Schlenker, B.R., Lifka, A., & Wowra, S.A. (2004). Helping new acquaintances make the right impression: Balancing image concerns of others and self. Self and Identity, 3, 191-206.
  • Schneider, D.J. (1981). Tactical Self-Presentations: Toward A Broader Conception. J. T. Tedeschi (Ed). Impression management theory and social psychological research. New York: Academic Press, 23-40.
  • Schokker, M. (2007). The use of ımpression management tactics in groups overtime and the effect of the interpersonal outcomes of liking, competence and performance. Unpublished master thesis, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, Holland.
  • Schütz, A. (1998). Assertive, offensive, protective, and defensive styles of self-presentation: A taxonomy. The Journal of Psychology, 132(6), 611-628.
  • Smith, D.E. (1986). Training programs for performance appraisal: A review. Academy of Management Review, 11(1), 22-40.
  • Stevens, J. P. (2009). Applied multivariate statistics for the social sciences. 5th Ed., New York: Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Villanova, P., & Bernardin, H.J. (1989). Impression Management in the Context of Performance Appraisal. R. A. Giacalone & P. Rosenfeld (Eds.). Impression management in the organization. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
  • Wayne, S.J., & Kacmar, K.M. (1991). The effects of impression management on the performance appraisal process. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Process, 48(1), 70-88.
  • Wayne, S.J., & Liden, R.C. (1995). Effects of impression management on performance ratings: A longitudinal study. Academy of Management Journal, 38(1), 232-260.
  • Yukl, G., & Falbe, C.M. (1990). Influence tactics and objectives in upward, downward and lateral influence attempts. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(2), 132-140.
  • Zaidman, N., & Drory, A. (2001). Upward impression management in the work place cross-cultural analysis. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 25, 671-690.
There are 64 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özge Demiral

Publication Date January 25, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 9 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Demiral, Ö. (2016). İZLENİM YÖNETİMİNİN OLUMSUZ ÖRGÜTSEL SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ VE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ LİDER ŞİRKETLERDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR. Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 9(1), 43-66.
AMA Demiral Ö. İZLENİM YÖNETİMİNİN OLUMSUZ ÖRGÜTSEL SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ VE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ LİDER ŞİRKETLERDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR. Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. January 2016;9(1):43-66.
Chicago Demiral, Özge. “İZLENİM YÖNETİMİNİN OLUMSUZ ÖRGÜTSEL SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ VE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ LİDER ŞİRKETLERDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR”. Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 9, no. 1 (January 2016): 43-66.
EndNote Demiral Ö (January 1, 2016) İZLENİM YÖNETİMİNİN OLUMSUZ ÖRGÜTSEL SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ VE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ LİDER ŞİRKETLERDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR. Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 9 1 43–66.
IEEE Ö. Demiral, “İZLENİM YÖNETİMİNİN OLUMSUZ ÖRGÜTSEL SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ VE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ LİDER ŞİRKETLERDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR”, Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 43–66, 2016.
ISNAD Demiral, Özge. “İZLENİM YÖNETİMİNİN OLUMSUZ ÖRGÜTSEL SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ VE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ LİDER ŞİRKETLERDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR”. Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi 9/1 (January 2016), 43-66.
JAMA Demiral Ö. İZLENİM YÖNETİMİNİN OLUMSUZ ÖRGÜTSEL SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ VE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ LİDER ŞİRKETLERDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR. Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2016;9:43–66.
MLA Demiral, Özge. “İZLENİM YÖNETİMİNİN OLUMSUZ ÖRGÜTSEL SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ VE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ LİDER ŞİRKETLERDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR”. Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 9, no. 1, 2016, pp. 43-66.
Vancouver Demiral Ö. İZLENİM YÖNETİMİNİN OLUMSUZ ÖRGÜTSEL SONUÇLARA ETKİSİ VE PERFORMANS DEĞERLEMENİN ARACILIK ROLÜ: TÜRKİYE’DEKİ LİDER ŞİRKETLERDEN AMPİRİK BULGULAR. Niğde Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi. 2016;9(1):43-66.