Investigation of Antifungal Effects of Propolis and Curcumin Extracts on Trichophyton Species

Year 2020, Volume: 8 Issue: 3, 515 - 522, 20.12.2020

Zehra Özlem Ünal , Berna Erdal

https://doi.org/10.37696/nkmj.808104

Abstract

Aim: Trichophyton is the most common type that causes superficial fungal infections among dermatophytes. The insufficiency of antifungal agents in the treatment of these species has led to the investigation of different therapeutic agents. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the antifungal and synergistic effects of curcumin and propolis extracts on 100 Trichophyton species.

Materials and Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of propolis and curcumin on 100 Trichophyton isolates that included in the study were determined by the broth microdilution method specified in the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. Microdilution checkerboard method was used in the investigation of the synergistic effect.

Results: 100 Trichophyton isolate, that one (1%) isolated from the hair, 91 (91%) from the skin, and eight (8%) from the nail, were identified as 76 (76%) Trichophyton rubrum and 24 (24%) Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Curcumin MIC values between 5-160 µg/ml and propolis MIC values between 0.625-80 µg/ml were determined against Trichophyton isolates. It was found that the combination of curcumin and propolis was synergistically effective (FICI≤0.5) on 80 (80%) Trichophyton isolates and ineffective (0.5
Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was determined that curcumin and propolis extracts by themselves and in combination had antifungal and synergistic effects on T.rubrum and T.mentagrophytes species. This study has the specialty of being the first study which has investigated the synergistic effects of curcumin and propolis on Trichophyton species. It is thought that supporting the results of the study with further studies may create an alternative/complementary option for clinicians in the treatment of dermatophytosis.

Keywords

Trichophyton, curcumin, propolis, MIC, synergistic effect

Propolis ve Kurkumin Ekstraktlarının Trichophyton Türleri Üzerine Antifungal Etkilerinin Araştırılması

Abstract

Amaç: Dermatofitler arasında yüzeyel mantar enfeksiyonlarına sebep olan en yaygın tür Trichophyton’dur. Bu türlerin tedavisinde antifungal ajanların yetersizliği farklı terapötik ajanların araştırılmasına yol açmıştır. Bu çalışmada 100 Trichophyton türü üzerine kurkumin ve propolis ekstraktlarının antifungal ve sinerjistik etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 100 Trichophyton izolatı üzerine propolis ve kurkuminin minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon (MİK) değerleri Klinik ve Laboratuvar Standartları Enstitüsü’nde belirtilen sıvı mikrodilüsyon yöntemi ile belirlendi. Sinerjistik etkinin araştırılmasında mikrodilüsyon dama tahtası (checkerboard) yöntemi kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Biri (%1) saçtan, 91’i (%91) deriden, sekizi (%8) tırnaktan izole edilen toplam 100 Trichophyton izolatının 76’sı (%76) Trichophyton rubrum, 24’ü (%24) Trichophyton mentagrophytes olarak tanımlandı. Trichophyton izolatlarına karşı kurkumin MİK değerleri 5-160 µg/ml, propolis MİK değerleri 0.625-80 µg/ml aralığında tespit edildi. Kurkumin ve propolis kombinasyonunun 80 (%80) Trichophyton izolatı üzerine sinerjistik etkili (FİKİ≤0.5), 20 (%20) Trichophyton izolatı üzerine ise etkisiz (0.5
Sonuç: Çalışma sonucunda kurkumin ve propolis ekstraktlarının tek başlarına ve kombinasyonlarının T.rubrum ve T.mentagrophytes türleri üzerine antifungal ve sinerjistik etkisi olduğu belirlendi. Bu çalışma Trichophyton türleri üzerine kurkumin ve propolisin sinerjistik etkilerinin araştırıldığı ilk çalışma olma özelliğini taşımaktadır. Çalışma sonuçlarının ileri çalışmalar ile desteklenmesinin klinisyenlere dermatofitoz tedavisinde alternatif/tamamlayıcı bir seçenek oluşturabileceği düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Trichophyton, kurkumin, propolis, MİK, sinerjistik etki

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