UNCONSTITUTIONALITY OF CONSTITUTIONAL SHARIA AND CADI COURTS IN NIGERIA AND THE GAMBIA: DISCRIMINATORY TOOLS IN THE LEGAL PROFESSION

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 339 - 371, 30.12.2021

Glorıa Akpore

https://doi.org/10.51562/nkuhukuk.2021222

Öz

The dichotomy of justiciability and non-justiciability of Preamble of a Constitution is resolved in Carl Schmitt’s constitutional theory of absolute, relative and positive concepts of Constitution. These concepts established the constitutional theory: constitutional laws are valid first on the basis of the constitution and presuppose a constitution. This research synthesised the theory to realise the twin factors for validity of constitutional laws (constitutional provisions): peoples’ participation and the Preamble – fundamental political decisions of the people. In addition, the juxtaposition of the twin factors vis-à-vis the constitutional provisions of Sharia and Cadi Courts in Nigeria and The Gambia revealed the following findings, that – constitutional provisions of Nigeria Sharia Courts of Appeal lack validity; The Gambia 1996 referendum exercised for Cadi Court establishment was in futility; constitutional provisions on expansion of Cadi Court’s jurisdiction and establishment of Cadi Appeals Panel in 2001 lack validity; Nigeria is a secular state by virtue of her Preamble while The Gambia is a secular state on the basis of the constitutional theory; and, all legal practitioners in Nigeria and The Gambia are not equal before constitutional laws for qualifications for employment as Qadi or Cadi and Grand Qadi in the Sharia and Cadi Courts of both jurisdictions.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Constitution, Constitutional laws, Shari and Cadi Courts, Secularism, Equality

Destekleyen Kurum

Nil

Proje Numarası

Nil

Teşekkür

Much Appreciated

NİJERYA VE GAMBİA'DAKİ ANAYASAL ŞERİAT VE KADI MAHKEMELERİNİN ANAYASAYA AYKIRILIĞI: HUKUK MESLEĞİNDE AYRIMCI ARAÇLAR

Öz

Bir Anayasanın Önsözü'nün yargılanabilirlik ve yargılanamazlık ikiliği, Carl Schmitt'in anayasal teorisinde mutlak, göreceli ve pozitif Anayasa kavramlarıyla çözülür. Bu kavramlar anayasa teorisini oluşturmuştur: anayasaya dayanan kanunlar öncelikle anayasa temelinde geçerlidir ve bir anayasayı varsayarlar. Bu araştırma, anayasa yasalarının (anayasal hükümlerin) geçerliliği için iki faktörlülüğün yerine getirilmesi gereği teorisini sentezlemiştir: Halkın katılımı ve Önsöz – halkın temel siyasi kararı. Ek olarak, Nijerya ve Gambiya'daki Şeriat ve Kadı Mahkemelerinin anayasal hükümleri iki faktörlülük ilkesinin sentezlenmesi sonucunda şu bulgular ortaya çıkmıştır: Nijerya Şeriat Temyiz Mahkemelerinin anayasal hükümleri geçersizdir; 1996 yılunda Kadı Mahkemeleri'nin kurulması için yapılan Gambiya referandumu amaçsızca yapılmıştır; 2001 yılında Kadı Mahkemelerinin yargı yetkisinin genişletilmesine ve Kadı Temyiz Heyetlerinin kurulmasına ilişkin anayasal hükümler geçersizdir; Nijerya, anayasasının Önsözünden dolayı laik bir devlettir, Gambiya ise anayasal teori temelinde laik bir devlettir; ve Nijerya ve Gambiya'daki tüm hukukçular, her iki yargı alanının Şeriat ve Kadı Mahkemelerinde Kadı veya Kadı ve Büyük Kadı olarak istihdam edilme nitelikleri bakımından anayasa ve kanunları önünde eşit değildir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Anayasa, Anayasa Hukuku, Şeriat ve Kadı Mahkemeleri, Laiklik, Eşitlik

Proje Numarası

Nil

Kaynakça

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