Chemical characterization and bioactivities assessment of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oil from South-western Algeria

Abstract

Artemisia herba-alba Asso is a medicinal plant used widely in Algerian folk medicine for the treatment of several diseases. The present work is aimed to elucidate the chemical composition of essential oil (EO) of Artemisia herba-alba. The in vitro antibacterial activity against 11 bacterial strains, and the in vivo acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity were evaluated. In this study fifty-four compounds accounting for 94.1% of total oil were identified by GC-FID and GC-MS analysis of the essential oil obtained from leaves. α-thujone (48.0%), β-thujone (13.4%), and camphor (13.1%) are found to be the major compounds. The results of the antibacterial activity using disc diffusion method revealed inhibition zones ranging from 10.00±0.0 to 36.00±0.9mm. Gram-positive was more sensitive to EO compared with Gram-negative bacteria. EO exhibited minimum inhibitory concentrations and bactericidal concentrations of 2.5 mg/ml to 10 mg/ml, and 5 mg/ml to 10 mg/ml respectively. The oil was moderately toxic and belongs to category 4 according to GHS, mortality was achieved at the dose of 2000 mg/kg. EO of A. herba-alba reduced significantly the edema induced by carrageenan in rat paw at 44.07% and 44.37% (after five hours) at the doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg respectively.

Keywords

• Artemisia herba alba
• essential oil
• chemical composition
• antibacterial activity
• acute toxicity
• anti-inflammatory activity

References

1. Aati, H. Y., Perveen, S., Orfali, R., Al-Taweel, A. M., Aati, S., Wanner, J., Khan, A., & Mehmood, R. (2020). Chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oils of Artemisia absinthium, Artemisia scoparia, and Artemisia sieberi grown in Saudi Arabia. Arabian Journal of Chemistry.
2. Abdel Jaleel, G. A. R., Abdallah, H. M. I., & Gomaa, N. E. L. S. (2016). Pharmacological effects of ethanol extract of Egyptian Artemisia herba-alba in rats and mice. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 6(1), 44–49.
3. Abdelli, W., Bahri, F., Höferl, M., Wanner, J., Schmidt, E., & Jirovetz, L. (2018). Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Algerian Juniperus phoenicea Essential Oils. Natural Product Communications, 13(2).
4. Abdelli, W., Bahri, F., Romane, A., Höferl, M., Wanner, J., Schmidt, E., & Jirovetz, L. (2017). Chemical Composition and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Algerian Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil. Natural Product Communications, 12(4).
5. Abu-Darwish, M. S., Cabral, C., Gonçalves, M. J., Cavaleiro, C., Cruz, M. T., Efferth, T., & Salgueiro, L. (2015). Artemisia herba-alba essential oil from Buseirah (South Jordan): Chemical characterization and assessment of safe antifungal and anti-inflammatory doses. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 174, 153–160.
6. Adams, R. P. (2007). Identification of essential oil components by gas chromatography/mass spectorscopy (4th ed). Allured Pub. Corp.
7. Adel, K., Zied, Z., Ahmed, B. kir, Neacute ji, G., Mohamed, D., & Radhouane, G. (2011). Chemical constituents and antioxidant activity of the essential oil from aerial parts of Artemisia herba-alba grown in Tunisian semi-arid region. African Journal of Biotechnology, 10(15), 2923–2929.
8. Ahmed, M., & Azmat, A. (2014). acute toxicity (lethal dose 50 calculation) and histopathological effects of methanolic extract of berberis vulgaris in mice. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 3(9), 10.

9. Aichour, R., Benzidane, N., Arrar, L., Charef, N., & Baghiani, A. (2018). Hepatoprotective and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Algerian Capparis spinosa. L. Annual Research & Review in Biology, 25(3), 1–12.
10. Akrout, A., Jani, H. E., Amouri, S., & Neffati, M. (2010). screening of antiradical and antibacterial activities of essential oils of artemisia campestris l., artemisia herba alba asso, & thymus capitatus hoff. et link. growing wild in the southern of tunisia. 11.
11. Bachrouch, O., Ferjani, N., Haouel, S., & Jemâa, J. M. B. (2015). Major compounds and insecticidal activities of two Tunisian Artemisia essential oils toward two major coleopteran pests. Industrial Crops and Products, 65, 127–133.
12. Belhattab, R., Amor, L., Barroso, J. G., Pedro, L. G., & Cristina Figueiredo, A. (2014). Essential oil from Artemisia herba-alba Asso grown wild in Algeria: Variability assessment and comparison with an updated literature survey. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 7(2), 243–251.
13. Bertella, A., Benlahcen, K., Abouamama, S., Pinto, D. C. G. A., Maamar, K., Kihal, M., & Silva, A. M. S. (2018). Artemisia herba-alba Asso. Essential oil antibacterial activity and acute toxicity. Industrial Crops and Products, 116, 137–143.
14. Chebaibi, A., Marouf, Z., Rhazi-Filali, F., Fahim, M., & Ed-Dra, A. (2016). Évaluation du pouvoir antimicrobien des huiles essentielles de sept plantes médicinales récoltées au Maroc. Phytothérapie, 14(6), 355–362.
15. Chebaibi, A., Rhazi Filali, F., Amine, A., & Zerhouni, M. (2011). Effet bactéricide (in vitro) des extraits aqueux des feuilles du grenadier marocain (Punica granatum L.) sur des bactéries multirésistantes aux antibiotiques. Phytothérapie, 9(3), 158–164.
16. Dahmani-Hamzaoui, N., & Baaliouamer, A. (2010). Chemical Composition of Algerian Artemisia herba-alba Essential Oils Isolated by Microwave and Hydrodistillation. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 22(6), 514–517.
17. El Hachimi, F., Alfaiz, C., Bendriss, A., Cherrah, Y., & Alaoui, K. (2017). Activité anti-inflammatoire de l’huile des graines de Zizyphus lotus (L.) Desf. Phytothérapie, 15(3), 147–154. Goudjil, M. B., Ladjel, S., Bencheikh, S. E., Hammoya, F., Bensaci, M. B., Zighmi, S., & Mehani, M. (2016). Bioactivity of Artemisia Herba alba essential oil against plant pathogenic fungi. 8.
18. Iriadam, M., Musa, D., Gümüflhan, H., & Baba, F. (2006). Effects of two Turkish medicinal plants Artemisia herba-alba and Teucrium polium on blood glucose levels and other biochemical parameters in rabbits. 6.
19. Jakovljević, M. R., Grujičić, D., Vukajlović, J. T., Marković, A., Milutinović, M., Stanković, M., Vuković, N., Vukić, M., & Milošević-Djordjević, O. (2020). In vitro study of genotoxic and cytotoxic activities of methanol extracts of Artemisia vulgaris L. and Artemisia alba Turra. South African Journal of Botany, 132, 117–126.
20. Jouad, H., Haloui, M., Rhiouani, H., El Hilaly, J., & Eddouks, M. (2001). Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used for the treatment of diabetes, cardiac and renal diseases in the North centre region of Morocco (Fez–Boulemane). Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 77(2–3), 175–182.
21. König WA, Joulain D, & Hochmuth DH. (2001). GC/MS Library: Terpenoids and Related Constituents of Essential Oils.
22. Lakehal, S., & A, M. (2016). Essential Oil Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Artemisia herba– alba Asso Grown in Algeria. Medicinal Chemistry, 6(6).
23. Mighri, H., Hajlaoui, H., Akrout, A., Najjaa, H., & Neffati, M. (2010). Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Artemisia herba-alba essential oil cultivated in Tunisian arid zone. Comptes Rendus Chimie, 13(3), 380–386.
24. NIST 17 / NIST 20 Mass Spectral Library, NIST 2020/2017 Database, Agilent Format Available. (2017).
25. OECD. (2002). Guidance Document on Acute Oral Toxicity Testing. OECD.
26. Ouédraogo, N., Lompo, M., Sawadogo, R. W., Tibiri, A., Hay, A.-E., Koudou, J., Dijoux, M.-G., & Guissou, I. P. (2012). Étude des activités anti-inflammatoire, analgésique et antipyrétique des décoctés aqueux des feuilles et des racines de Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. (Fabaceae). Phytothérapie.
27. Paolini, J., Ouariachi, E., Bouyanzer, A., Hammouti, B., Desjobert, J.-M., Costa, J., & Muselli, A. (2010). Chemical variability of Artemisia herba-alba Asso essential oils from East Morocco. Chemical Papers, 64(5).
28. Qnais, E. Y., Alatshan, A. Z., & Bseiso, Y. G. (2016). Chemical composition, antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of Artemisia herba-alba essential oil. 8. Said, M. E.-A., Vanloot, P., Bombarda, I., Naubron, J.-V., Dahmane, E. M., Aamouche, A., Jean, M., Vanthuyne, N., Dupuy, N., & Roussel, C. (2016). Analysis of the major chiral compounds of Artemisia herba-alba essential oils (EOs) using reconstructed vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) spectra: En route to a VCD chiral signature of EOs. Analytica Chimica Acta, 903, 121–130.
29. Tilaoui, M., Ait Mouse, H., Jaafari, A., & Zyad, A. (2015). Comparative Phytochemical Analysis of Essential Oils from Different Biological Parts of Artemisia herba alba and Their Cytotoxic Effect on Cancer Cells. PLOS ONE, 10(7).
30. Yashphe, J., Feuerstein, I., Barel, S., & Segal, R. (1987). The Antibacterial and Antispasmodic Activity of Artemisia herba alba Asso. II. Examination of Essential Oils from Various Chemotypes. International Journal of Crude Drug Research, 25(2), 89–96.
31. Zeggwagh, N. A., Michel, J. B., & Eddouks, M. (2014). Acute hypotensive and diuretic activities of Artemisia herba alba aqueous extract in normal rats. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, 4.
32. Zouari, S., Zouari, N., Fakhfakh, N., Bougatef, A., & Ayadi, M. A. (2010). Chemical composition and biological activities of a new essential oil chemotype of Tunisian Artemisia herba alba Asso. 10.