The Relation between Al-Jazari of the East and Leonardo da Vinci of the West

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 300 - 311, 26.06.2023

Kaan Kaplan

https://doi.org/10.48120/oad.1264652

Abstract

Al-Jazari and Leonardo da Vinci were two of the most noteworthy inventors and engineers of their respective time periods, the Islamic Golden Age that lasted from the VIII. to the XIII. century in the East, and the Renaissance that took place in Europe the XIV. to the XVII. centuries. Both were known for their exceptional talents and contributions to the fields of mechanics, automata, water-powered devices, and clockmaking. This work compares and contrasts their contributions to these fields; it will further explore the similarities and differences in their approaches to invention and innovation. In addition, although they lived at different times, it will also analyze whether da Vinci was directly or indirectly influenced by Al-Jazari's work, and whether there are similarities between the tools he used in his work with those of Al-Jazari.

Keywords

Al-Jazari, Leonardo da Vinci, Medieval, Engineering, Innovation.

DOĞU'NUN EL-CEZERİ'Sİ İLE BATI'NIN LEONARDO DA VİNCİ'Sİ ARASINDAKİ İLİŞKİ

Abstract

El-Cezeri ve Leonardo da Vinci, Doğu'da VIII. yüzyıldan XIII. yüzyıla kadar süren İslami Altın Çağ ve XIV. yüzyıldan XVII. yüzyıla kadar Avrupa'da gerçekleşen Rönesans olmak üzere kendi dönemlerinin en önemli mucit ve mühendislerinden ikisiydi. Her iki bilim insanı da olağanüstü yetenekleri ve mekanik, otomata, su ile çalışan cihazlar ve saat yapımı alanlarına katkılarıyla biliniyordu. Bu çalışma, bu alanlara yapmış oldukları katkılarını karşılaştırır. Ayrıca, bu çalışma buluş ve yeniliğe olan yaklaşımlarındaki benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları analiz edecektir. Birbirlerinden farklı zaman dilimlerinde yaşamalarına rağmen Leonardo da Vinci'nin Cezeri'nin eserlerinden doğrudan mı yoksa dolaylı olarak mı etkilendiği ve eserlerinde kullandığı araçlar arasında benzerlikler olup olmadığı incelenmiştir.

Keywords

El-Cezeri, Leonardo da Vinci, Ortaçağ, Mühendislik, Yenilik.

References

• Baker, Mona, and Gabriela Saldanha. “Arabic Tradition.” In Routledge Encyclopedia of Translation Studies, 347–56. Routledge, 2009.
• Brillarelli, S, M Callegari, L Carbonari, and P Clini. “Digital Experience of the Work of Vitruvius and Leonardo.” In IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering, 949:12041. IOP Publishing, 2020.
• ÇIRAK, Bekir, and Abdülkadir Yörük. “Mekatronik Biliminin Öncüsü İsmail El-Cezeri.” Siirt Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, no. 4 (2016): 175–94.
• D’Ancona, Cristina. “Greek into Arabic,” 2016.
• Dirik, Mahmut. “Al-Jazari: The Ingenious Inventor of Cybernetics and Robotics.” Journal of Soft Computing and Artificial Intelligence 1, no. 1 (2020): 47–58.
• ERDOĞAN, Ümran. “İslâm’ın Altın Çağında Harezm’de Türkler ve Türk Dili.” Şarkiyat Mecmuası, no. 38 (2021): 163–81.
• Hill, P. The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices:(Kitāb Fī Ma’rifat Al-Ḥiyal Al-Handasiyya). Springer Science & Business Media, 2012.
• Hollister-Short, G J. “Antecedents and Anticipations of the Newcomen Engine.” Transactions of the Newcomen Society 52, no. 1 (1980): 103–17.
• Journal, YM Faruqi - International Education, and undefined 2006. “Contributions of Islamic Scholars to the Scientific Enterprise.” ERIC 7, no. 4 (2006): 391–99. https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ854295.
• King, David A. “‘ The Book of Knowledge of Ingenious Mechanical Devices: Kitab Fi Macrifat Al-Hiyal Al-Handasiya by Ibn Al-Razzaz Al-Jazari’ by DR Hill.” History of Science 13, no. 4 (1975): 284–89.
• Külcü, Recep. “Ortaçağ Anadolu’sunun Büyük Mühendisi El-Cezeri.” Akademia Mühendislik ve Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 1, no. 1 (2005): 1–9.
• Lim, Bridget, and Aisha Khan. Avicenna: Leading Physician and Philosopher-Scientist of the Islamic Golden Age. The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc, 2016.
• Mays, Larry W. “A Brief History of Water Technology during Antiquity: Before the Romans.” In Ancient Water Technologies, 1–28. Springer, 2010.
• ÖZARSLAN, Selim. “İslam Düşüncesi ve Müslüman Bilim Adamları.” Munzur Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi 8, no. 15 (n.d.): 33–46.
• Penbegul, Necmettin, Murat Atar, Muammer Kendirci, Yasar Bozkurt, Namık Kemal Hatipoglu, Ayhan Verit, and Ates Kadıoglu. “Primitive Robotic Procedures: Automotions for Medical Liquids in 12th Century Asia Minor.” Arch Ital Urol Androl 86, no. 4 (2014): 300–303.
• Renima, Ahmed, Habib Tiliouine, and Richard J Estes. “The Islamic Golden Age: A Story of the Triumph of the Islamic Civilization.” In The State of Social Progress of Islamic Societies, 25–52. Springer, 2016.
• Romdhane, Lotfi, and Saïd Zeghloul. “Al-Jazari (1136–1206).” In Distinguished Figures in Mechanism and Machine Science, 1–21. Springer, 2009.
• Rosheim, Mark. Leonardo ́s Lost Robots. Springer Science & Business Media, 2006.
• Turner, Howard R. Science in Medieval Islam: An Illustrated Introduction. University of Texas Press, 2010.
• Uzun, Abdullah, and Fahri Vatansever. “Ismail Al Jazari Machines and New Technologies.” Acta Mechanica et Automatica 2, no. 3 (2008): 91–94.
• Yazid, Amirul Akmal Bin Mohammad, Mohd Fahmi Bin Md Salleh, and Aminuddin Ruskam. “The Mechanical Engineer: Abu’l–‘Izz Badi’u’z–Zaman Ismail Ibnu’r–Razzaz Al Jazari.” Semin. Relig. Sci. Muslim Contrib 69, no. 4 (2014): 59–61.