Savaşta Kiliseler: Kudüs’ün Hıristiyan Müesseseleri Üzerinde Birinci Dünya Savaşının Etkisi, 1914-1920

Year 2014, Volume: 10 Issue: 1, 117 - 144, 01.01.2014

Roberto Mazza

Abstract

Bu makalede Kudüs’teki Hıristiyan kurumlarıyla ilgili üç temel konu tartışılmıştır. İlki Hıristiyan kiliselerinin rolü; savaş öncesi dönemde, bu kurumlar temelde kutsal yerlerin kontrolü üzerindeki rekabetle, Ortodoks kilisesinin Rum yönetimiyle Arap cemaati arasındaki çatışmalar gibi iç problemlerle aynı zamanda da Kudüs Latin Patrikhanesi ve Kutsal yerlerin Katolik vesayet kurumu arasında kaynaklar üzerindeki kontrolü kapsayan iç rekabetle ilgiliydi. Savaşın çıkışı çeşitli Hıristiyan mezheplerinin ilgisini daha yerel konulara çektiği gibi bu bağlamda kökten değişikliğe uğratmıştır. Hıristiyan kurumları ve din adamları savaş koşullarının oldukça zayıflattığı yerli halkın korunması yerine kendi makamlarının ve mülkiyetlerinin korunması üzerinde odaklanmaya başlamışlardır

Churches at War: The Impact of the First World War on the Christian Institutions of Jerusalem, 1914-1920

Abstract

In this article three main topics will be discussed in relation to Christian institutions in Jerusalem. First the dual role of the Christian churches; in the period preceding the war, these institutions were mainly concerned with competition over the control of the Holy Places and with internal issues like conflict between the Arab laity and the Greek hierarchy of the Orthodox Church, but also the internal competition for the control of resources between the Catholic Custody of the Holy Land and the Latin Patriarchate of Jerusalem. The outbreak of the war radically changed this particular context as in fact the attention of the various Christian denominations turned to more local issues. Christian institutions and clergy began to focus on the protection of their own clergy and properties, above all on the protection of the local population which was extremely weakened by war conditions

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