Awareness scale for safe use of information technologies for secondary school students

Year 2025, Volume: 15 Issue: ISRIS 2025, 54 - 86, 31.07.2025

Elif Öznur Tokgöz , Hüseyin Serin

https://doi.org/10.48146/odusobiad.1724869

Abstract

The aim of this research is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to determine the awareness levels of secondary school students towards using information technologies safely. The research was conducted within the framework of the survey model, one of the quantitative research designs. In the scale development process, a 55-item preliminary form, which was created by reviewing the relevant literature, was applied to 390 students and Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was performed. As a result of EFA, the scale was reduced to a four-factor structure and reduced to 23 items. These four factors explained 50.210% of the total variance. The obtained structure was tested with Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) by applying it to a different sample of 512 students. The model fit values obtained as a result of CFA (χ²/sd = 2.019, RMSEA = .045, CFI = .924, TLI = .915, GFI = .927, AGFI = .910, IFI = .925) show that the model provides a high level of fit to the data. The factors were named as "Cyberbullying Awareness and Ethical Behaviours", "Healthy Technology Use", "Digital Security and Data Protection" and "Social Security and Seeking Support in Digital Environment" respectively. Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficients were found between .601 and .861 for the dimensions and .893 for the overall scale. The findings reveal that the developed scale can validly and reliably measure the awareness levels of secondary school students towards safe technology use.

Keywords

information technologies , cyberbullying , safe internet use , digital security , secondary school students

Ortaokul öğrencileri için bilgi teknolojilerinin güvenli kullanımına yönelik farkındalık ölçeği

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokul öğrencilerinin bilgi teknolojilerini güvenli kullanmaya yönelik farkındalık düzeylerini belirlemek amacıyla geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Araştırma, nicel araştırma desenlerinden tarama modeli çerçevesinde yürütülmüştür. Ölçek geliştirme sürecinde, ilgili literatür taranarak oluşturulan 55 maddelik ön form, 390 öğrenciye uygulanarak Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA) gerçekleştirilmiştir. AFA sonucunda ölçek, dört faktörlü bir yapıya indirgenmiş ve 23 maddeye düşürülmüştür. Bu dört faktör toplam varyansın %50.210’unu açıklamaktadır. Elde edilen yapı, 512 öğrenciden oluşan farklı bir örnekleme uygulanarak Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) ile test edilmiştir. DFA sonucunda elde edilen model uyum değerleri (χ²/sd = 2.019, RMSEA = .045, CFI = .924, TLI = .915, GFI = .927, AGFI = .910, IFI = .925), modelin veriye yüksek düzeyde uyum sağladığını göstermektedir. Faktörler sırasıyla “Siber Zorbalık Farkındalığı ve Etik Davranışlar”, “Sağlıklı Teknoloji Kullanımı”, “Dijital Güvenlik ve Veri Koruma” ve “Dijital Ortamda Sosyal Güvenlik ve Destek Arama” olarak adlandırılmıştır. Cronbach’s Alpha güvenirlik katsayıları boyutlar için .601 ile .861 arasında, ölçeğin geneli için ise .893 olarak bulunmuştur. Bulgular, geliştirilen ölçeğin ortaokul öğrencilerinin güvenli teknoloji kullanımına yönelik farkındalık düzeylerini geçerli ve güvenilir biçimde ölçebileceğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Bu çalışma “II. International Congress of Integrated Social Research and Interdisciplinary Studies” kongrede sözlü bildirim olarak sunulmuştur (2025). İstanbul Üniversitesi-Cerrahpaşa Sosyal ve Beşeri Bilimler Araştırmaları Etik Kurulu, 22/05/2025 tarih ve 2025/354 sayılı kararı ile etik kurul belgesi alınmıştır.

Keywords

bilgi teknolojileri , siber zorbalık , güvenli internet kullanımı , dijital güvenlik , ortaokul öğrencileri

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