Richard III: Öteki Kral

Year 2019, Volume: 9 Issue: 1, 59 - 68, 25.03.2019

Erdinç Parlak İbrahim Koç

Abstract

III.
Richard İngiliz tarihindeki en kötü şöhretli krallardan biridir. İki yeğeni,
karısının eski kocası ve onun eski kayınpederinin ölümü de dahil olmak üzere
bir dizi cinayetten suçlanmaktadır. Bu cinayetlerin tamamı tahtı ele geçirmek
ve elinde tutmak için gerçekleştirmiştir. Yaklaşık iki yıl tahtta kalan ve
güvenilir tarihi belgelere göre hiç de başarısız bir yönetim göstermeyen bu
kralın böylesine kötü bir şöhrete sahip olmasının nedeni William Shakespeare’in
III. Richard oyunundaki baş karakterdir. Yazar bu oyunu Richard’ın doğal
düşmanı olan Tudor hanedanı döneminde yazmıştır. Yararlandığı tarihi kaynaklar
ve dönemin siyasi ortamı gereğince Shakespeare bir ulusal kahramandan ziyade
bir canavar yaratmak zorundaydı. Sonuç olarak Iago ve Lear’ın kızları (Goneril
ve Regan) kadar kötü ancak onlardan daha renkli bir karakter ortaya çıkmış
oldu. Bununla birlikte, Shakespeare'in metninde birçok abartı ve tutarsızlık
bulunmaktadır. III. Richard’ın abartılı kötülüğü, fiziksel yetersizliğinin
psikolojisi üzerindeki etkisiyle açıklanabilir. Ayrıca, Richard’ın acımasız ve
erkeksi davranışlarının toplumsal beklentilerden etkilendiği de açıkça
görülmektedir

Keywords

Shakespeare, Richard III, Freud, Ihtiras, Kötü Adam

Richard III: The Other King

Abstract

Richard
III is one of the most disreputable kings of British history. He is accused of
a series of murders, including the death of his two nephews, his wife’s
ex-husband and her ex-father-in-law, all for one reason; to seize and hold the
throne. The reason why this king, who was on the throne for about two years
and, according to the reliable historical documents, did not showed an
unsuccessful management, has such a bad reputation is William Shakespeare's
main character in Richard III. The author wrote this play during the reign of
Richard's natural enemy, the Tudors. Because of the resources he used and the
political environment of the time, Shakespeare had to create a monster, not a
national hero. As a result a character who is as evil as Iago and Lear’s
daughters (Goneril and Regan), but more colourful than them, emerged. However;
Shakespeare's text has many exaggerated and inconsistent aspects. The
exaggerated evil of Richard III can be explained by the impact of his physical
disability on his psychology. Besides it is clear that his cruel and masculine
behaviours were influenced by social expectations

Keywords

Shakespeare, Richard III, Freud, Passion, Villain

References

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