Renewable Energy in Turkish Economic Growth: Current Situation, Future Prospects, Employment and Investment Opportunities

Year 2022, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 2327 - 2350, 30.11.2022

Melahat Batu Ağırkaya

https://doi.org/10.48146/odusobiad.1103005

Abstract

Energy is one of the significant factors of economic growth and development. Accelerating technological developments in the global world has increased energy consumption. Nowadays, renewable alternative energy sources are high on the agenda due to the limited energy resources. This study aims to predict the future of the global energy consumption and world energy distribution scenario and to reveal investment opportunities and employment results in Turkey, using the projections of the current situation and future expectations. For this purpose, the relevant data obtained from the Enerdata database for the world energy distribution in the period of 2000-2050, specific to Europe, Asia, Africa, the Middle East, North America, Latin America, CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States), and the Pacific, were compared, and the situation of Turkey in this process has been analyzed descriptively with specific indicators. According to the results, although renewable energy production investments have increased in Turkey, oil, natural gas, and coal still occupy a considerable place in the total energy supply, and the share of renewable resources such as wind and sun is very insufficient and should increase gradually. However, it has been found that the part of renewable energy sources in electricity production and primary energy consumption would rise and provide new employment opportunities with technological developments. The results are expected to provide fruitful information to policymakers, project developers, investors, industries, and relevant stakeholders.

Keywords

Economic Growth, RenewableEnergy, Employment, Investment, Scenarios

Türkiye Ekonomik Büyümesinde Yenilenebilir Enerji: Mevcut Durum, Gelecek Beklentileri, İstihdam ve Yatırım Fırsatları

Abstract

Enerji ekonomik büyüme ve kalkınmanın gerekli ve önemli faktörlerinden birisidir. Küreselleşen dünyada teknolojik gelişme hızının artması enerji tüketimini artırmıştır. Enerji kaynaklarının sınırlı olması nedeniyle alternatif kaynak olarak yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarını gündeme getirmiştir. Bu çalışmada küresel enerji tüketimi ve dünya enerji dağılımının gelecek senaryo tahmini ile birlikte Türkiye’nin mevcut durumu ve gelecek beklentileri projeksiyonlarla yansıtılarak yatırım fırsatları ve istihdama ilişkin sonuçların ortaya koyulması amaçlanmaktadır. Bu amaçla Enerdata veri tabanından 2000-2050 dönemine ilişkin dünya enerji dağılımı için Avrupa, Asya, Afrika, Ortadoğu, Kuzey Amerika, Latin Amerika, BDT (Bağımsız Devletler Topluluğu) ve Pasifik özelinde ilgili veriler karşılaştırılmış ve Türkiye’nin bu süreçteki durumu belli göstergeler eşiğinde betimsel olarak analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlara göre Türkiye’de yenilenebilir enerji üretimine yönelik yatırımların artmasıyla, toplam enerji arzında petrol, doğal gaz ve kömürün önemli bir yer işgal ettiği, ancak rüzgâr, güneş gibi yenilenebilir kaynakların payının çok az olduğu ve giderek artacağı yönde bulgular tespit edilmiştir. Bununla birlikte yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının elektrik üretiminde ve birincil enerji tüketiminde payının giderek artacağı ve teknolojik gelişmelerle yeni istihdam olanakları sağlayacağı bulgusuna ulaşılmıştır. Sonuçların politika yapıcılar, proje geliştiriciler, yatırımcılar, endüstriler ve ilgili paydaşlara faydalı bilgiler sağlayacağı beklenmektedir.

Keywords

Ekonomik Büyüme, Yenilenebilir Enerji, istihdam, Yatırım, Senaryolar

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