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Enema-Induced Rectal Perforation Complicated by Rapidly Progressive Fournier Gangrene in a Frail Elderly Patient: A Clinical Case Report

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 138 - 143, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.56941/odutip.1831424
https://izlik.org/JA99CA87ZP

Abstract

The following case study is presented in order to illustrate a rare instance of enema-induced rectal perforation in a patient of advanced age who was also frail. The condition rapidly progressed to Fournier gangrene. The importance of early diagnosis, faecal diversion, and staged surgical debridement is emphasised. A 73-year-old male patient suffering from Alzheimer's disease and intellectual disability developed acute perineal pain following the administration of a cleansing enema. A comprehensive clinical examination was conducted, and laboratory tests were performed. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography was also conducted. The patient underwent an emergency laparotomy, which included the Hartmann procedure, followed by staged perineal–inguinal debridements. The patient's clinical progress was meticulously monitored throughout their hospitalisation. Imaging revealed extensive subcutaneous emphysema of the perineum, hemiscrotum, and inguinal canal with perirectal free air, indicating rectal perforation. Intraoperatively, a 1-cm full-thickness perforation was detected at the 12 o'clock position of the rectum. A Hartmann procedure was performed, followed by three staged debridements due to advancing necrotising fasciitis. The wound was closed primarily on postoperative day 18, and the patient was discharged in stable condition. It is important to note that enema-induced rectal perforation has the potential to result in fulminant Fournier gangrene, a condition that is especially prevalent in elderly patients who are considered to be frail. Early CT evaluation, prompt faecal diversion, and serial debridement are essential for successful outcomes. It is imperative that clinicians maintain heightened awareness when managing vulnerable patients undergoing enema procedures.

References

  • Lee S, Kwon J, Lee J. Rectal perforations caused by cleansing enemas in chronically constipated patients: Two case reports. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2020;8:2050313X20938251.
  • Bobb N, Naraynsingh V, Islam S, Singh Y, Harnanan D, Cawich S. Phosphate enema causing life-threatening rectal perforation. International Journal of Case Reports. 2020;4:167.
  • Kerem M, Bedirli A, Köksal H, Salman B, Pala İ. Fournier’s gangrene following phosphate enema: Case report. Eurasian J Emerg Med. 2007;6(2):20–21.
  • Liang Y, Di Re A, Ctercteko G. Iatrogenic rectal injury associated with fleet enema administration masquerading as Fournier’s gangrene. J Surg Case Rep. 2020;2020(2):rjz414.
  • Yeğen SF, Tümay LV. Anorectal necrosis due to incorrect rectal enema administration: A rare case report. XIIth National and IInd International Turkish Colon and Rectal Surgery Nursing Congress. PB-038; 2025.
  • Eke N. Fournier’s gangrene: A review of 1726 cases. Br J Surg. 2000;87(6):718–728.
  • Sorensen MD, Krieger JN, Rivara FP, Broghammer JA, Klein MB, Mack CD, et al. Fournier’s gangrene: Population-based epidemiology and outcomes. J Urol. 2009;181(5):2120–2126.
  • Chawla SN, Gallop C, Mydlo JH. Fournier’s gangrene: An analysis of repeated surgical debridement. Eur Urol. 2003;43(5):572–575.
  • Başoğlu M, Gül O, Yildirgan I, Balik AA, Ozbey I, Oren D. Fournier’s gangrene: Review of fifteen cases. Am Surg. 1997;63(11):1019–1021.

Zayıf Yaşlı Hastada Hızla İlerleyen Fournier Gangreni ile Komplike Olan Lavman Kaynaklı Rektal Perforasyon: Bir Klinik Vaka Raporu

Year 2025, Volume: 12 Issue: 3, 138 - 143, 31.12.2025
https://doi.org/10.56941/odutip.1831424
https://izlik.org/JA99CA87ZP

Abstract

Aşağıdaki vaka çalışması, ileri yaşta ve zayıf bir hastada lavman kaynaklı nadir görülen bir rektal perforasyon örneğini göstermek amacıyla sunulmuştur. Durum hızla Fournier gangrenine ilerlemiştir. Erken tanı, fekal diversiyon ve aşamalı cerrahi debridmanın önemi vurgulanmaktadır. Alzheimer hastalığı ve zihinsel engelli 73 yaşındaki erkek hasta, temizleme lavmanı uygulandıktan sonra akut perineal ağrı geliştirdi. Kapsamlı bir klinik muayene yapıldı ve laboratuvar testleri gerçekleştirildi. Kontrastlı bilgisayarlı tomografi de yapıldı. Hasta, Hartmann prosedürü içeren acil laparotomiye alındı, ardından aşamalı perineal-inguinal debridmanlar yapıldı. Hastanın klinik seyri, hastanede kaldığı süre boyunca titizlikle izlendi. Görüntüleme, perine, hemiskrotum ve inguinal kanalda perirektal serbest hava ile birlikte yaygın subkutan amfizem olduğunu ortaya çıkardı, bu da rektal perforasyonu işaret ediyordu. Ameliyat sırasında, rektumun 12 saat pozisyonunda 1 cm'lik tam kalınlıkta bir perforasyon tespit edildi. Hartmann prosedürü uygulandı, ardından ilerleyen nekrotizan fasiit nedeniyle üç aşamalı debridman yapıldı. Yara, ameliyat sonrası 18. günde primer olarak kapatıldı ve hasta stabil durumda taburcu edildi. Lavman kaynaklı rektal perforasyonun, özellikle zayıf kabul edilen yaşlı hastalarda yaygın olarak görülen fulminan Fournier gangrenine yol açabileceğini belirtmek önemlidir. Erken BT değerlendirmesi, hızlı dışkı yönlendirmesi ve seri debridman, başarılı sonuçlar için gereklidir. Klinik hekimlerin, lavman prosedürü uygulanan savunmasız hastaları tedavi ederken yüksek farkındalık düzeyini korumaları zorunludur.

References

  • Lee S, Kwon J, Lee J. Rectal perforations caused by cleansing enemas in chronically constipated patients: Two case reports. SAGE Open Med Case Rep. 2020;8:2050313X20938251.
  • Bobb N, Naraynsingh V, Islam S, Singh Y, Harnanan D, Cawich S. Phosphate enema causing life-threatening rectal perforation. International Journal of Case Reports. 2020;4:167.
  • Kerem M, Bedirli A, Köksal H, Salman B, Pala İ. Fournier’s gangrene following phosphate enema: Case report. Eurasian J Emerg Med. 2007;6(2):20–21.
  • Liang Y, Di Re A, Ctercteko G. Iatrogenic rectal injury associated with fleet enema administration masquerading as Fournier’s gangrene. J Surg Case Rep. 2020;2020(2):rjz414.
  • Yeğen SF, Tümay LV. Anorectal necrosis due to incorrect rectal enema administration: A rare case report. XIIth National and IInd International Turkish Colon and Rectal Surgery Nursing Congress. PB-038; 2025.
  • Eke N. Fournier’s gangrene: A review of 1726 cases. Br J Surg. 2000;87(6):718–728.
  • Sorensen MD, Krieger JN, Rivara FP, Broghammer JA, Klein MB, Mack CD, et al. Fournier’s gangrene: Population-based epidemiology and outcomes. J Urol. 2009;181(5):2120–2126.
  • Chawla SN, Gallop C, Mydlo JH. Fournier’s gangrene: An analysis of repeated surgical debridement. Eur Urol. 2003;43(5):572–575.
  • Başoğlu M, Gül O, Yildirgan I, Balik AA, Ozbey I, Oren D. Fournier’s gangrene: Review of fifteen cases. Am Surg. 1997;63(11):1019–1021.
There are 9 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Clinical Sciences (Other)
Journal Section Case Report
Authors

Cagri Akalin 0000-0003-3370-9879

Seray Aydin 0009-0004-5820-4927

Nurullah Kadim 0000-0001-9594-5979

Abdullah Cirakoglu 0000-0002-8602-5836

Mumin Demir 0000-0003-4669-6261

Gokhan Zaim

Submission Date November 29, 2025
Acceptance Date December 29, 2025
Publication Date December 31, 2025
DOI https://doi.org/10.56941/odutip.1831424
IZ https://izlik.org/JA99CA87ZP
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 12 Issue: 3

Cite

Vancouver 1.Cagri Akalin, Seray Aydin, Nurullah Kadim, Abdullah Cirakoglu, Mumin Demir, Gokhan Zaim. Enema-Induced Rectal Perforation Complicated by Rapidly Progressive Fournier Gangrene in a Frail Elderly Patient: A Clinical Case Report. ODU Med J. 2025 Dec. 1;12(3):138-43. doi:10.56941/odutip.1831424

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