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Manuscript Writing Rules

Title of the Study and Authorship Information

Author’s name: The author’s name and last name should be 10 points, Times New Roman font, bold. After the author’s name, institution information and e-mail address should be italic and separated from each other by a comma (,) sign.

Abstracts

Abstract: The abstract should be 10 points and in Times New Roman font. “Abstract”  headings should be written in left justified. The abstract describes the aim, the method, results, and conclusion and it should not exceed 100-250 words. It should not include any references.

Keywords: Keywords should be 10-points, Times New Roman font. 3-5 words that would represent the study.

Sections And Sub-Sections

All text should be written in 12 points, Times New Roman font, justified. Line spacing between the paragraphs should be single. Paragraph indentation should be started in one tab. It should not include space between paragraphs. The main headings (Introduction, Method, Finding, Result, and Discussion) should be written in centered, 12 points, bold, and capital letters. Sub-section headings (The second level headings) should be written in 12 points, capitalized for the first letters, bold, and justified on the left.  The third level headings should be written in justified on the left, capital for only the first letter of the first word, 12 points, bold and italic. Care must be taken to ensure that the Turkish abstract does not contain any linguistic errors.

The sections of the article should generally include the following headings:

Table and Figure

Table: Tables should be numbered and the title of the table should be written with 10 points, capitalized for the first letters, justified on the left. The table number should be specified in bold, and the table name should be in italics. The contents of the table should be prepared in 10 points and tables to be used should be prepared by APA 6 (Tables should not include vertical lines and important headings should be separated by horizontal lines).

Figure: Figures should be numbered, the figure’s number and name should be under the figure. The figure number should be specified in bold, and the table name should be in italics

Authors need to revise their table and figures and check for APA 6 compliance.

Citation

In the "OSEJ ", the use of the APA style created by the American Psychological Association is preferred.

To see the Basic Principle of Referencing by APA Style, click APA Style CENTRAL®

APA style is usually based on the following format: Author. (Year). Title. Publication Information.

You can also prepare your manuscript in terms of the given explanations. 

1.         In the text

In the text, first the author's surname and second the year of publication of the study are given:

1.1.      Single Author

“... (Nelson, 1976)”; “According to Nelson (1976) göre ...”; “Nelson (1976) ...”

Direct quotations must include page numbers.

Examples: (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2005, p. 10); (Shimamura, 1989, Chapter 3)

1.2.      Two Authors

When using two authors’ names within the text, should be used to word “and” between two authors. In parentheses, author’s name is connected by a and (&) sign.

”... (Mather & Knight, 2006).”; “Mather and Knight (2006) ...”; According to Mather and Knight (2006)...”

1.3.      Three-Five Authors

The last names of the authors are given according to the sequence they are given in the study: 

“... (Charles, Mather, & Carstensen, 2003).”; “Charles, Mather, and Carstensen (2003) ...”; According to Charles, Mather and Carstensen (2003)...”

If it is required to cite the same study for the second time, only the first author’s last name is given together with the “et al.” expression: 

 “(Charles et al. 2003)”

1.4.      Six and more authors

Only the first author’s last name is given together with the “et al.”  (not italic) expression within the text. 

  “(Rosler et al. 2005)”

1.5.      Institutions

When citing the institution (organizations, associations, government offices, and study groups…), its full name is written within the text. 

In some cases, the group or institutional author’s name is used in full at the first time and is used abbreviation at the second time within the text.

In the case of lengthy names, easy-to-understand or known abbreviations should be used abbreviation. In case of a short name or unknown abbreviation, should be used full name each time.

1.6 Two or more works by the same author

1.6.1. Works published in different years

When citing two or more works written by the same author(s), the author’s surname is written once and the publication years are taken into consideration. References to the works that are currently in press are left to the end.

Example: (Gogel, 1990, 2006, in press)

1.6.2. Works published in the same year

When citing two or more works written by the same author(s), the year is followed by a, b, c, and so on. This lettering is also specified in the reference list.

Example: Many studies (Derryberry & Reed, 2005a, 2005b, in press-a; Rothbart, 2003a, 2003b)

1.7. Citing works by different authors in the same parenthesis

While citing the works by different authors in the same parenthesis, the authors’ surnames are listed in alphabetical order and a semicolon is used between different authors.

Example: In many studies (Miller, 1999; Shafranske & Mahoney, 1998)

1.8. Citing secondary sources

If the original work is not accessible or it is not available in English, the original work is written in the text and the reference is given to the secondary source.

Example: If Allport’s diary is cited in Nicholson’s work and the diary has not been read, it should be cited as “Allport’s diary (as cited in Nicholson, 2003)”.

2. Reference list

At the end of your paper, and before the appendices (if any), the sources by authors or institutions should be given in alphabetical order, taking into account the first letter of the first author’s surname and the names of the institutions.

            The references should be written in 10 pt. and without spacing.

            Only the first word and proper nouns (if any) in the title and sub-title of periodicals should be capitalized.

            The title of the periodical and punctuation marks should never be written in italics.

            The pages should be written as “32-50” instead of “p.32-50”.

            All lines after the first line of each entry can be indented 1.5 cm from the left margin.

SAMPLE SOURCES

2.1. Article with a single author

Basic citation format for articles:

Author’s Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number(issue number), pages.

Anderson, A. K. (2005). Affective influences on the attentional dynamics supporting awareness. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 154, 258-281.

2.2. Article with two authors

Light, M. A., & Light, I. H. (2008). The geographic expansion of Mexican immigration in the United States and its implications for local law enforcement. Law Enforcement Executive Forum Journal, 8(1), 73-82.

2.3. Article with three to six authors

Carretie, L. Hinojosa, J. A, Martin-Loeches, M., Mecado, F., & Tapia, M. (2004). Automatic attention to emotional stimuli: Neural correlates. Human Brain Mapping, 22, 290-299.

2.4. Journal articles in press (accepted for publication)

Briscoe, R. (in press). Egocentric spatial representation in action and perception. Philosophy and Phenomenological Research. Retrieved from http://cogprints.org/5780/1/ECSRAP.F07.pdf

2.5. Books

2.5.1. Book with single author

Basic citation format for books:

Author’s Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Title of book. Location: Publisher.

Çepni, S. (2012). Araştırma ve proje çalışmalarına giriş. Trabzon: Celepler Matbaacılık.

2.5.2. A Translation

Jenson, E. (2006). Beyin uyumlu öğrenme (A. Doğanay, Çev.). Adana: Nobel Yayınevi. (Original printing, 1999).

2.5.3. Article or chapter in an edited book

Yücel, C. ve Gülveren, H. (2006). Sınıfta öğrencilerin motivasyonu. M. Şişman ve S. Turan (Ed.), Sınıf yönetimi içinde (s. 74-88). Ankara: PegemA

2.6. Works downloaded

MEB, (2005). PISA 2003 projesi: Ulusal nihai rapor. Retrieved July 9, 2009 from http://earged.meb.gov.tr/pisa/dokuman/2003/ rapor/PISA_RAPOR_2003.pdf.

2.7. Lecture/Seminar/Conference presentation

2.7.1. Works presented

Basic citation format:

Author’s Surname, First Initial. Second Initial., Author’s Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year, Month). Title of work. In First Initial, Second Initial, Surname (chairperson), title of the event. Name of the organizing body, Location.

Muellbauer, J. (2007, September). Housing, credit, and consumer expenditure. In S. C. Ludvigson (Chair), Housing and consumer behavior. Symposium conducted at the meeting of the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Jackson Hole, WY.

2.7.2. Works published in conference proceedings

Herculano-Houzel, S., Collins, C. E., Wong, P., Kaas, J. H., & Lent, R. (2008). The basic nonuniformity of the cerebral cortex. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, 12593-12598. doi: 1 0.1 073/pnas.08054171 05

2.8. Thesis

Basic citation format for master’s and doctoral theses, published

Author’s Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Title of thesis (Doctoral thesis /master’s thesis). Name of database, Accession or order number.

Basic citation format for master’s and doctoral theses, unpublished

Author’s Surname, First Initial. Second Initial. (Year). Title of thesis (Unpublished doctoral thesis/ master’s thesis). Name of Institutions, Location.

Güneş, G. (2010). Öğretmen adaylarının temel astronomi konularında bilgi seviyeleri ile bilimin doğası ve astronomi öz yeterlilikleri arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi (Unpublished doctoral thesis/ master’s thesis). Çukurova Üniversitesi, Adana.

Example       

Name 1: National Institute of Mental Health (1999)

First use: (National Institute of Mental Health [NIMH], 1999)

Subsequent use: (NIMH, 1999)

Name 2: University of Pittsburgh (1993)

All uses within the text:  (University of Pittsburgh, 1993)