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Effects of seed treatments on the germination of Golkoy palm (Phoenix theophrasti Greuter subsp. golkoyana Boydak)

Year 2023, , 14 - 22, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.17568/ogmoad.1029343

Abstract

Datça palm (Phoenix theophrasti Greuter) is the only palm taxa in the European continent. Its subspecies, Golkoy palm (Phoenix theophrasti Greuter subsp. golkoyana Boydak) was recorded only in Turkey. This subspecies, which spreads in sensitive ecosystems, needs to be carefully protected. Although there are three natural populations of Datça palm in Turkey, there is only one population of Gölköy palm. This population is under threat due to factors such as tourism, pollution, urbanization, use of groundwater and forest fires. In this respect, the continuity of the species should be ensured by taking in-situ and ex-situ protection measures immediately. One of the ex-situ conservation measures involves the propagation of the species from seed. Cold-wet stratification is applied to remove dormancy in Gölköy palm seeds. In this study, GA3, ultrasound and vacuum applications at different times were applied to remove dormancy in seeds and shorten germination time. At the end of the study that lasted for 10 weeks, it was determined that GA3, vacuum and ultrasonic applications increased the germination rate of the seeds and shortened the germination period. While the highest germination rate was reached in the seeds treated with GA3, (91.4%), the germination rate was 88.3% and 88.6%, respectively, in 60 and 120 min ultrasound applications. The germination rate of the seeds in which vacuum was applied for 60 and 120 minutes was found to be 29.9% and 48%, respectively. The lowest germination was 6.3% in the control group seeds.

Thanks

Bursa Technical University, Faculty of Forestry, Department of Forest Engineering, Silviculture laboratory facilities were used in this study.

References

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Gölköy hurması (Phoenix theophrasti Greuter subsp. golkoyana Boydak) tohumlarına uygulanan bazı işlemlerin çimlenme özelliklerine etkileri

Year 2023, , 14 - 22, 30.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.17568/ogmoad.1029343

Abstract

Datça hurması (Phoenix theophrasti Greuter) Avrupa kıtasının tek palmiye türüdür. Bu türün alt türü olan Gölköy hurmasının (Phoenix theophrasti Greuter subsp. golkoyana Boydak) sadece Türkiye’de kaydı bulunmaktadır. Hassas ekosistemlerde yayılış gösteren bu alt türün özenle korunması gerekir. Türkiye’de Datça hurmasının üç doğal populasyonu olmasına rağmen Gölköy hurmasının tek populasyonu bulunmaktadır. Bu popülasyon turizm, kirlenme, şehirleşme, yeraltı sularının kullanımı ve orman yangınları gibi faktörlerden dolayı varlığı tehdit altındadır. Bu bakımdan in-situ ve ex-situ koruma önlemlerinin acilen alınarak türün devamlılığı sağlanmalıdır. Ex-situ koruma önlemlerinden biri türün tohumdan çoğaltılmasını kapsamaktadır. Gölköy hurması tohumlarında dormansiyi gidermek için soğuk ıslak katlama uygulanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada tohumlardaki dormansiyi gidermek ve çimlenme süresini kısaltmak için GA3, ve farklı sürelerde ultrason ve vakum uygulamaları yapılmıştır. 10 hafta süren çalışma sonunda GA3, vakum ve ultrasonik uygulamaların tohumların çimlenme oranını artırdığı ve çimlenme süresini kısalttığı belirlenmiştir. GA3 ile muamele edilen tohumlarda %91,4 oranı ile en yüksek çimlenme oranına ulaşılırken, 60 ve 120 dk ultrason uygulamalarında çimlenme ise sırasıyla %88,3 and %88,6 oranında gerçekleşmiştir. 60 ve 120 dk vakum uygulanan tohumlarda çimlenme oranı ise sırasıyla %29,9 ve %48 olarak bulunmuştur. En düşük çimlenme ise control grubu tohumlarda %6,3 olmuştur.

References

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  • Al-Hawezy, S.M.N., 2013. The role of the different concentrations of GA3 on seed Germination and seedling growth of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica L.). IOSR Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Science (IOSR-JAVS) 4 (5) 03-06.
  • Ameta, S.C., Ameta, R., Ameta, G., 2018. Sonochemıstry an emerging green technology. Mistwell Crescent, Oakville, Canada: Apple Academic Press Inc.
  • Ashraf, M., Foolad, M.R., 2005. Pre-sowing seed treatment - A shotgun approach to improve germination, plant growth, and crop yield under saline and nonsaline conditions. Advences in Agronomy 88: 223–271. DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2113(05)88006-x.
  • Ayrancı, A., Öner, M.N., 2019. Farklı orijinli Toros Sediri (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) tohumlarında bazı ön işlemlerin çimlenmeye olan etkisi. Anadolu Orman Araştırmaları Dergisi, 5(1): 61-70.
  • Barclay, C., 1974. A new locality of wild Phoenix in Crete. Annales Musei Goulandris 2: 23-29.
  • Barrow, S., 1998. A revision of Phoenix. Kew Bulletin 53(3):513-575.
  • Baskin, C.C., Baskin, J.M., 2014. Seeds Ecology, Biogeography, and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. Second Edition, San Diego, USA: Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier.
  • Baskin, J.M., Baskin, C.C., 2004. A classification system for seed dormancy. Seed Science Research 14:1-16.
  • Bewley, J.D. Bradford, J., Hilhorst, H.W.M., Nonogaki, H., 2013. Seeds, Physiology of Development, Germination and Dormancy. 3rd Edition, New York Heidelberg Dordrecht London, UK: Springer.
  • Bewley, J.D., Black, M., 1994. Seeds: Physiology of development and germination. 2nd ed., New York, USA: Plenum Press.
  • Bishwas, K.C., Amit, K., Santosh, S., Raj Kumar, K.C., Dipendra, R., 2018. Effect of GA3 on germination parameters of different varieties of kiwi. Current Investigations in Agriculture and Current Research 4(3). CIACR. MS.ID.000186. DOI: 10.32474/CIACR.2018.04.000186.
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  • Boydak, M., 1985. The distribution of Phoenix theophrasti in the Datça Peninsula, Turkey. Biological Conservation 32 (2), 129-135.
  • Boydak, M., 1986. A new natural distribution Phoenix theophrastii in Kumluca-Karaöz Turkey. Istanbul University Journal of Forest Faculty Seri A 36 (1):1-13.
  • Boydak, M., 1987. A new occurrence of P. thotheophrasti in Kumluca – Karaöz. Principes 31(2):89-95
  • Boydak, M., 1994. Bodrum-Gölköy'de saptanan yeni bir Phoenix yayılışı. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi Seri A, 44(2), 35-45.
  • Boydak, M., 2019. A new subspecies of Phoenix theophrasti Greuter (Phoenix theophrasti Greuter subsp. golkoyana Boydak) from Turkey. Forestist 69(2): 133-144.
  • Boydak, M., Barrow, S., 1995. A new locality for Phoenix in Turkey: Gölköy-Bodrum. Principes 39(3): 117-122.
  • Boydak, M., Yaka, M., 1983. Datça Hurması (Phoenix theophrasıiı ve Datça Yarımadasında saptanan doğal yayılışı. İstanbul Universitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 4;33:73-92.
  • Braam, J., Davis, R.W., 1990. Rain, wind and touched-induced expression of calmodulin and calmodulin-related genes in Arabidopsis. Cell 60: 357-364.
  • Cetinbas, M., Koyuncu, F., 2006. Improving germination of Prunus avium L. seeds by gibberellic acid, potassium nitrate and thiourea. Horticultural Science (Prague) 33, (3): 119–123.
  • Chowdhury, E.K. Sub Lim, H., Bae, H., 2014. Update on the effects of sound wave on plants. Research in Plant Disease 20(1): 1-7, http://dx.doi.org/10.5423/RPD.2014.20.1.001.
  • Custódio, C.C., Marks, T.R., Pritchard, H.W., Hosomi, S.T., Machado-Neto, N.B., 2016. Seed Science and Technology 44, 1, 1-12. http://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2016.44.1.17.
  • Dembilio, O., Karamaouna, F., Kontodimas, D.C., Nomikou, M., Jacas, J.A., 2011. Short communication. susceptibility of Phoenix theophrasti (Palmae: Coryphoideae) to Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) and its control using Steinernema carpocapsae in a chitosan formulation. Spanish Journal of Agricultural Research 9(2), 623-626.
  • Dilip, W.S., Singh, D., Moharana, D., Rout, S., Patra, S.S., 2017. Influence of gibberellic acid (GA3) on seed germination and seedling growth of Kagzi Lime. Journal of Scientific Agriculture 1:62-69, doi: 10.25081/jsa.2017.v1.888.
  • Esener, R., 1999. Palmiyeler. Ankara, Türkiye: Palmiye Merkezi Yayını.
  • Follett, J.M., Douglas, J.A., Littler, R.A., 2005. The effect of gibberellic acid, potassium nitrate, and cold stratification on the germination of goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis) seed. Comb. Proc. International Plant Propagator’s Society 55:165-170.
  • Ge, J., Hu, Y., Ren, C., Guo, L., Wang, C., Sun, Shahrajabian, M.H. 2018. Effects Of GA3 and ABA on the germınatıon of dormant oat seeds. Cercetări Agronomice în Moldova Vol. LI, No. 3 (175) / 2018: 25-41.
  • Gupta, V., 2003. Seed germination and dormancy breaking techniques for indigenous medicinal and aromatic plants. Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 25: 402-407.
  • Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M., Babaç, M.T., 2012. Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi Damarlı Bitkiler, Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmalı Derneği Yayını, Flora Dizisi 1, İstanbul.
  • Hazır, A., Büyüköztürk, H.D., 2013. Phoenix spp. and other ornamental palms in Turkey: The threat from red palm weevil and red palm scale insects. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture 2013. 25 (11): 843-853, doi: 10.9755/ejfa.v25i11.16500.
  • Hu, A., Zhao, S., Liang, H., Qiu, T., Chen, G., 2007. Ultrasound assisted supercritical fluid extraction of oil and coixenolide from adlay seed. Ultrasonics Sonochemistry 14: 219-224.
  • Jaime, A., da Silva, T., Dobra´nszki, J., 2014. Sonication and ultrasound: impact on plant growth and development. Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture 117: 131-143.
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There are 69 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Forest Industry Engineering, Silviculture
Journal Section Growing
Authors

Salih Parlak 0000-0003-3808-3297

Early Pub Date June 27, 2023
Publication Date June 30, 2023
Submission Date November 27, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Parlak, S. (2023). Effects of seed treatments on the germination of Golkoy palm (Phoenix theophrasti Greuter subsp. golkoyana Boydak). Ormancılık Araştırma Dergisi, 10(1), 14-22. https://doi.org/10.17568/ogmoad.1029343