Determination of phenolic compounds of Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) infested by Marchalina hellenica Genn.

Abstract

The phenolic compounds of barks, branch barks, branch woods, and needles of Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.) infested and non-infested by the scale insect Marchalina hellenica Genn were determined by HPLC-DAD analyses. It was seen that the main compounds of bark, branch bark, and branch wood were catechin hydrate, while the major compound of the needle was 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid. However, according to the results of Mann Whitney U, there was no statistically significant difference in Turkish red pine with infested and non-infested by Marchalina hellenica. Considering the distribution area of Marchalina hellenica, its ecological and socioeconomic effects, more detailed studies should be carried out on the relationship of this scale insect with the extractive content of the host.

Keywords

• phenolic compounds
• Turkish red pine
• Marchalina hellenica

Marchalina hellenica Genn.’in konuk olduğu kızılçamın (Pinus brutia Ten.) fenolik bileşenlerinin belirlenmesi

Abstract

Basra böceğinin (Marchalina hellenica Genn.) konuk olduğu ve olmadığı kızılçamların (Pinus brutia Ten.) gövde kabuğu, dal kabuğu, dal odunu ve ibrelerinin fenolik bileşenleri HPLC-DAD sistemi ile belirlenmiştir. Gövde ve dal kabukları ile dal odununda ana bileşenin catechin hidrat, ibrede ise 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Mann Whitney U Testi sonuçlarına göre basra böceğinin konuk olduğu ve olmadığı kızılçamlarda istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Basra böceğinin yayılış alanı, ekolojik ve sosyoekonomik etkileri göz önünde bulundurularak, böceğin konukçunun ekstraktif içeriği ile ilişkisine yönelik daha detaylı çalışmalar yapılmalıdır.

Keywords

• Basra böceği
• marchalina hellenica
• kızılçam
• fenolik bileşen

References

1. Anonim, 2016. Muğla Orman Bölge Müdürlüğünün 06.09.2016 tarih ve 1980896 sayılı yazısı
2. Arslan, 2019. Basra Böceği (Marchalina hellenica Genn.)’nin Konuk Olduğu Ve Olmadığı Kızılçam (Pinus brutia Ten.) Ağaçlarının Kabuk Ve İbrelerinin Bazı Ekstraktif Bileşenlerinin İncelenmesi. Doktora Tezi, Isparta Uygulamalı Bilimler Üniversitesi, Isparta
3. Bacandritsos, N., 2004. Establishment and honeydew honey production of Marchalina hellenica (Coccoidea Margarodidae) on fir tree (Abies cephalonica). Bulletin of Insectology 57(2): 127-130 http://www.bulletinofinsectology.org/pdfarticles/vol57-2004-127-130bacandritsos.pdf
4. Bacandritsos, N., Saitanis, C., Papanastasiou, I., 2004. Morphology and life cycle of Marchalina hellenica (Gennadius) (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) on pine (Parnis Mt.) and fir (Helmos Mt.) forests of Greece. Annals Societe Entomologique France 40: 169-176. https://doi.org/10.1080/00379271.2004.10697413
5. Bagci, E., Hayta, S., Dogan, G., 2011. Chemical composition of essential oils from bark and leaves of Pinus brutia Ten. from Turkey, Asian Journal of Chemistry 23(6): 2782-2784. http://www.asianjournalofchemistry.co.in/user/journal/viewarticle.aspx?ArticleID=23_6_96
6. Bagci, E., Karaagacli, Y., 2004. Fatty acid and tocochromanol patterns of Turkish pines. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanic, 46: 95-100.
7. Barros, L., Dueñas M., Ferreira I. C., Baptista, P., Santos-Buelga, C., 2009. Phenolic acids determination by HPLC-DAD-ESI/MS in sixteen different Portuguese wild mushrooms species. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 47(6): 1076-1079. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2009.01.039
8. Besçeli, Ö., Ekici, M., 1968. Çam pamuklu biti (Monophlebus hellenicus Genn) ve arıcılık. Ormancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi 14(1): 73-78.

9. Bohlmann, J., 2012. Pine terpenoid defences in the mountain pine beetle epidemic and in other conifer pest interactions: specialized enemies are eating holes into a diverse, dynamic and durable defence system. Tree Physiology 32(8): 943–945 doi: 10.1093/treephys/tps065.
10. Chen Z., Kolb, T. E. & Clancy, K. M., 2002. The role of monoterpenes in resistance of douglas fir to western spruce budworm defoliation. Journal of Chemical Ecology 28: 897–920. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1015297315104
11. Cretu, E., 2013. Pinus brutia Ten. And Cedrus brevıfolia (Hook. F.) A. Henry – Chemical Characterization And Possibilities Of Valorization In Therapeutics. Doctor of Philosophy Thesis, University of Medicine and Pharmacy.
12. Erbilgin N., Christiansen, E., Krokene, P., Zeneli, G., Gershenzon, J., 2006. Exogenous application of methyl jasmonate elicits defenses in norway spruce (Picea abies) and reduces host colonization by the bark beetle Ips typographus. Oecologia, 148: 426-436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00442-006-0394-3
13. Erlinghagen F., 2001. Portrait of an insect: Marchalina hellenica Genn. (Sternorrhyncha: Coccina: Margarodidae), important producer of honeydew in Greece. Apiacta, 36(3): 131-137
14. FAO, 2017. Food and Agriculture Organization. Detection of Marchalina hellenica in Victoria and South Australia. Report Number: AUS-69/1. https://www.ippc.int/en/countries/australia/pestreports/2015/07/detection-of-marchalina-hellenica-in-victoria-and-south-australia-1/
15. Franceschi, V. R., Krokene, P., Christiansen, E., Krekling, T., 2005. Anatomical and chemical defenses of conifer bark against bark beetles and other pests. New Phytologist, 167: 353–376. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2005.01436.x
16. Gallis, A., Carlos, A., Papageorgiou, A.C., Garciα-Vallejo, M. C., 2011. Needle Terpenoid Composition of Pinus halepensis (Mill.) Trees Infested by the Scale Insect Marchalina hellenica (Genn.) in Greece. Proceedings of the Fourth İnternational Workshop on the Genetics of Host-Parasite Interactions in Forestry: Disease and Insect Resistance in Forest Trees. Oregon, July 31 to August 5, 2011, pp 304-308.
17. Ghosn, M. W., Saliba, N.A., Talhouk S.Y., 2006. Chemical composition of the needle-twig oils of Pinus brutia Ten. Journal of Essential Oil Research 18: 445-447. https://doi.org/10.1080/10412905.2006.9699137
18. Gounari, S., 2006. Studies on the phenology of Marchalina hellenica (Gen.) (Hemiptera: Coccoidea, Margarodidae) in relation to honeydew flow. Journal of Apicultural Research 45(1): 8-12. https://doi.org/10.1080/00218839.2006.11101305
19. Gounari, S., 2008. Aspects on Biology of Marchalina hellenica (Coccoidea, Marchalinidae). 1. Uluslararası Arıcılık ve Çam Balı Kongresi, Muğla, 25-27 Kasım, 2008, ss 133-140.
20. Gösterit, A., Gürel, F., 2011. Orman-arıcılık ilişkisi ve arıcılığın orman köylüleri ve kırsal kesimin kalkınmasındaki önemi. Orman ve Av Dergisi, 2: 26-29.
21. Gürkan, B., Boşgelmez, A., 1989. Çam Pamuklu Koşnili Marchalina hellenica (Gennadius)’ın Biyo-Ekolojisi Ve Populasyon Dinamiği. Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
22. Ince, I., Yesil-Celiktas, O., Karabay-Yavasoglu, N. U., Elgin, G., 2009. Effects of Pinus brutia bark extract and pycnogenol® in a rat model of carrageenan induced inflammation. Phytomedicine, 16(12), 1101-1104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2009.05.004
23. Jactel, H., Kleinhentz, M., Marpeau-Bezard, A., Marion-Poll, F., Menassieu, P., Burban, C., 1996. Terpene variations in maritime pine constitutive oleoresin related to host tree selection by Dioryctria sylvestrella Ratz. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Journal of Chemical Ecology, 22(5): 1037-1050. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02029953
24. Keeling, C. I., Bohlmann, J., 2006. Genes, enzymes and chemicals of terpenoid diversity in the constitutive and induced defence of conifers against insects and pathogens. New Phytologist 170: 657–675. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8137.2006.01716.x
25. Kilic, A., Hafizoglu, H., Tümen, İ., Dönmez, İ.E., Sivrikaya, H., Hemming, J., 2011. Phenolic extractives of cones and berries from Turkish coniferous species. European Journal of Wood and Wood Products 69 (1): 63-66 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-010-0433-y
26. Kıvrak, İ., Lovral, Ş., Harmandar, M., Çetintaş, Y., 2013. Phenolic compounds of Pinus brutia Ten.: chemical investigation and quantitative analysis using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry with electrospray ionization source. Records of Natural Products 7(4), 313-319.
27. Margaritopoulos J. T., Bacandritsos N., Pekas A. N., Stamatis C., Mamuris Z., Tsitsipis J. A., 2003. Genetic variation of Marchalina hellenica (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) sampled from different host and localities in Greece. Bulletin of Entomological Research 93: 447-453. https://doi.org/10.1079/BER2003260
28. Metcalf, R. L., Kogan, M., 1987. Plant volatiles as insect attractants. Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences 5(3): 251-301. https://doi.org/10.1080/07352688709382242
29. Mita, E., Tsitsimpikou, C., Tsiveleka, L., Petrakis, P. V., Ortiz, A., Vagias, C., Roussis, V., 2002. Seasonal variation of oleoresin terpenoids from Pinus halepensis and Pinus pinea and host selection of the scale insect Marchalina hellenica (Homoptera, Coccoidea, Margarodidae, Coelostonidiinae). Holzforschung, 56: 572-578. https://doi.org/10.1515/HF.2002.087
30. Routa, J., Brännström, H., Anttila, P., Mäkinen, M., Jänis, J., Asikainen, A., 2017. Wood extractives of Finnish pine, spruce and birch – availability and optimal sources of compounds. A literature review. Natural resources and bioeconomy studies 73/2017. Natural Resources Institute Finland, Helsinki. 55 p. http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-952-326-495-3.
31. Salman, M.T., 2006. Chromatographic identification of some volatile oils from the of Pinus brutia Ten. growing in Iraq. Foundaiton of Technical Education, 22: 1-7.
32. Santas L.A., 1983. Insects producing honeydew exploited by bees in Greece. Apidologie, 14(2): 93-103. https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:19830204
33. Selmi, E., 1983. Marchalina hellenica (Gennadius) (Homoptera, Margarodidae)’nın Marmara Bölgesindeki biyolojisi. İstanbul Üniversitesi Orman Fakültesi Dergisi 33: 93-103.
34. Sezik, E., Üstün, O., Kürkçüoğlu, M., Başer, K. H. C., 2008. Chemical compositions of the needle essential oils obtained from Pinus brutia Ten. growing in Turkey, Acta Pharmaceutica Sciencia 50: 85-96.
35. Tahvanainen, J., Helle, E., Julkunen-Tiitto, R., Lavola, A., 1985. Phenolic compounds of willow bark as deterrents against feeding by mountain hare. Oecologia 65: 319–323 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00378905
36. Thrasyvoulou, A., Manikis, J., 1996. Some physicochemica and microscopic characteristics of Greek unifloral honeys. Apidologie 26: 441-452. https://doi.org/10.1051/apido:19950601
37. Topcan, Z. P., 2017. Marchalina hellenica Genn. Varlığının Pinus brutia Ten. İbrelerindeki Terpen Profili Üzerine Olan Etkisinin Araştırılması. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Pamukkale Üniversitesi.
38. Tumen, I., Hafizoglu, H., Kilic, A., Dönmez, I.E., Sivrikaya, H., Reunanen, M., 2010. Yields and constituents of essential oil from cones of Pinaceae spp. natively grown in Turkey. Molecules 15(8): 5797-5806. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules15085797
39. Ustun, O., Senol, F.S., Kurkcuoglu, M., Orhan, I. E., Murat Kartal, M., Baser, K.H.C., 2012. Investigation on chemical composition, anticholinesterase and antioxidant activities of extracts and essential oils of Turkish Pinus species and pycnogenol. Industrial Crops and Products 38, 115 – 123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.01.016
40. Ülgentürk, S., Civelek, H. S., Şahin, Ö., Evren, H., Sarıbaşak, H., 2012. Çam Pamuklu Koşnili Biti Marchalina hellenica Genn. (Hemiptera: Margarodidae) ’nın Biyo-Ekolojisi, Ege ve Akdeniz Bölgesindeki Yayılış Alanları. TÜBİTAK - TOVAG-108O359 Proje Sonuç Raporu
41. Yesil-Celiktas, O., Otto, F., Gruener S., Parlar, H. 2009. Determination of extractability of pine bark using supercritical CO2 extraction and different solvents: optimization and prediction. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57(2), 341-347. https://doi.org/10.1021/jf8026414
42. Yildirim, H., Holmbom, B., 1978. Investigations on the wood extractives of pine species from Turkey. III. Non-volatile, nonpolar components in Pinus brutia (Henry). Acta Acad Abo Ser B 37(5): 9