Complex Relationship of Countries' Innovation Level with Social Capital, Economic Value Perception and Political Culture: fsQCA

Year 2021, , 317 - 340, 01.08.2021

Volkan Aşkun , Rabia Çizel , Beykan Çizel

https://doi.org/10.17153/oguiibf.895910

Cited By: 8

Abstract

In this study, in order to reveal such a causality relationship, the connection between the countries' social capital, economic value perception and political culture and the innovation level was examined with a complex adaptive system perspective and qualitative comparative analysis method. Secondary data from the World Values Survey, the European Values Survey, and the Global Innovation Index were used in the study. The results of the research show that general trust, trust in institutions, norms, economic value perception and political culture affect innovation in different configurations and that less of either of these conditions at the same time has a negative effect. There are notable differences between collectivist countries and individualist countries. The study can also provide a new perspective for research on innovation, which is a complex adaptive system.

Keywords

Social Capital, Economic Value Perception, Political Culture, İnnovation Level, Fuzzy-Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis

Ülkelerin İnovasyon Düzeyinin Sosyal Sermaye, Ekonomik Değer Algısı ve Politik Kültürle Karmaşık İlişkisi: Bulanık Küme Nitel Karşılaştırmalı Analiz

Abstract

Çalışmada ülkelerin sosyal sermaye, ekonomik değer algısı ve politik kültür ile inovasyon düzeyi bağlantısı karmaşık uyarlanabilir sistem bakış açısıyla ve nitel karşılaştırmalı analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Çalışmada, Dünya Değerler Anketi, Avrupa Değerler Anketi, Küresel İnovasyon Endeksinden alınan ikincil veriler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçları, ülkelerde genel güvenin, kurumlara güvenin, normların, ekonomik değer algısının ve politik kültürün farklı konfigürasyonlarda inovasyonu etkilediği ve bu koşullardan herhangi ikisinin aynı anda az olmasının ise olumsuz etki yarattığı göstermektedir. İnovasyonu oluşturan konfigürasyonlarda bireyci ülkeler ile kolektivist ülkeler arasında farklılıklar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Çalışma, karmaşık uyarlanabilir bir sistem olan inovasyon hakkında yapılacak araştırmalara da yeni bir bakış açısı kazandırabilir.

Keywords

Sosyal sermaye, Ekonomik değer algısı, Politik kültür, İnovasyon düzeyi, Nitel karşılaştırmalı analiz

References

• ADA, E. V. S. (2020). “EVS 2017 - European Values Study 2017: Integrated Dataset”. https://doi.org/10.4232/1.13511
• Antilla, L. (2005). “Climate of Scepticism: US Newspaper Coverage of The Science of Climate Change”. Global Environmental Change, 15(4), 338–352.
• Arnstein, S. R. (1969). “A Ladder of Citizen Participation”. Journal of The American Planning Association, 35(4), 216–224.
• Beugelsdijk, S. (2010). “Entrepreneurial Culture, Regional Innovativeness and Economic Growth”. In Entrepreneurship and Culture (pp. 129–154). Berlin Heidelberg: Springer.
• Brigham, A. M. (2011). “Agricultural Exports and Food Insecurity in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Qualititative Configurational Analysis”. Development Policy Review, 29(6), 729–748.
• Brockman, P., Khurana, I. K., Zhong, R. (2018). “Societal Trust And Open Innovation”. Research Policy, 47(10), 2048–2065.
• Byrne, D. (1998). Complexity Theory and the Social Science. New York, NY: Routledge.
• Byrne, D. (2013). “Evaluating Complex Social Interventions in A Complex World”. Evaluation, 19(3), 217–228.
• Cáceres-Carrasco, F. R., Santos, F. J., Guzmán, C. (2020). “Social Capital, Personal Values and Economic Development: Effect On Innovation. An International Analysis”. Innovation: The European Journal of Social Science Research, 33(1), 70–95.
• Cho, S.-Y. (2018). Social Capital and Innovation: Can Social Trust Explain The Technological İnnovation of The High-Performing East Asian Economies? In MAGKS Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics (No. 30–2018). Marburg. Christian, D. (2016). Big History. London: Penguin Random House.
• Christian, D. (2018). Origin Story: A Big History of Everything. New York, NY: Little, Brown Spark.
• Connoly, W. E. (2013). The Fragility of Things: Self Organising Processes, Neoliberal Fantasies, and Democratic Activisim. Durham and London: Duke University Press.
• Dakhli, M., De Clercq, D. (2004). “Human Capital, Social Capital, and Innovation: A Multi-Country Study”. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 16(2), 107–128.
• DDA (2020). World Values Survey. Haerpfer, C., Inglehart, R., Moreno, A., Welzel, C., Kizilova, K., Diez-Medrano J., M. Lagos, P. Norris, E. Ponarin & B. Puranen et al. (eds.).– Country-Pooled Datafile. Madrid, Spain & Vienna, Austria: JD Systems Institute & WVSA Secretariat.
• Diwan, I., Tzannatos, Z., Akin, T. (2018). “Debunking Myth: Economic Values in The Arab World Through The Prism of Opinion Polls”. Middle East Development Journal, 10(1), 31–63.
• Doh, S., Ács, Z. J. (2009). “Innovation and Social Capital: Across-Country Investigation”. In Jena Economic Research Papers, No.2009,82. Friedrich Schiller University Jena and Max Planck Institute of Economics, Jena.
• Emmenegger, P., Kvist, J., Skaaning, S.-E. (2013). “Applications in Comparative Welfare-State Research Making The Comparative of QCA”. Political Research Quarterly, 66(1), 185–190.
• Fiss, P. C. (2011). “Building Better Causal Theories: A Fuzzy Set Approach to Typologies in Organization Research”. Academy of Management Journal, 54(2), 393–420.
• Fungáčová, Z., Hasan, I., Weill, L. (2019). “Trust in Banks”. Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization, 157, 452–476.
• Fungáčová, Z., Weill, L. (2018). “Trusting Banks in China”. Pacific Economic Review, 23(2), 131–149.
• Gabel, M., Whitten, G. D. (1997). “Economic Conditions, Economic Perceptions, and Public Support For European İntegration”. Political Behavior, 19(1), 81–96.
• Ghazinoory, S., Bitaab, A., Lohrasbi, A. (2014). “Social Capital and National İnnovation System: A Cross-Country Analysis”. Cross Cultural Management, 21(4), 453–475.
• Gorodnichenko, Y., Roland, G. (2011). “Which Dimensions of Culture Matter For Long-Run Growth? American Economic Review, 101(3), 492–498.
• Gunbayi, I., Sorm, S. (2020). Social Paradigms in Guiding Management Social Development And Social Research. Ankara: Pegem Academy.
• Hansford, T. G., Gomez, B. T. (2015). “Reevaluating The Sociotropic Economic Voting Hypothesis”. Electoral Studies, 39, 15–25.
• Hardin, R. (2002). Trust and Trustworthiness: A Volume in The Russell Sage Foundation Series on Trust. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
• Hausmann, R., Rodrik, D. (2003). “Economic Development as Self-Discovery”. Journal of Development Economics, 72(2), 603–633.
• Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of The Mind (Rev. 3rd). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
• Holland, J. H. (2012). Signals and Boundaries: Building Blocks for Complex Adaptive Systems. London: MIT Press.
• Holland, J. H. (2014). Complexity: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Iannacci, F., Cornford, T. (2018). “Unravelling Causal and Temporal Influences Underpinning Monitoring Systems Success: A Typological Approach”. Information Systems Journal, 28(2), 384–407.
• Keeley, B. (2007). Human Capital: How What You Know Shapes Your Life, OECD Insights. Paris: OECD Publishing.
• Kenny, J. (2018). “The Role of Economic Perceptions in İnfluencing Views on Climate Change: An Experimental Analysis With British Respondents”. Climate Policy, 18(5), 581–592.
• KİE. (2020). The Global Innovation Index 2020: Who Will Finance Innovation?. Ithaca, Fontainebleau and Geneva: Cornell University, INSEAD, WIPO.
• Knack, S., Keefer, P. (1997). “Does Social Capital Have an Economic Payoff? A Cross-Country Investigation”. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 112(4), 1251–1288.
• Kołczyńska, M. (2020). “Democratic Values, Education, and Political Trust”. International Journal of Comparative Sociology, 61(1), 3–26.
• Kroll, H. (2017). “Smart Specialization Policy in an Economically Well-Developed, Multilevel Governance System”. In S. Radosevic, A. Curaj, R. Gheorghiu, L. Andreescu, & I. Wade (Eds.), Advances in the Theory and Practice of Smart Specialization (pp. 99–123). Academic Press.
• Lewis-Beck, M. S., Nadeau, R., & Elias, A. (2008). “Economics, Party, and The Vote: Causality Issues and Panel Data”. American Journal of Political Science, 52(1), 84–95.
• Marsh, R. M. (2009). “How Similar are The Values of The People of China and Taiwan?”. Comparative Sociology, 8(1), 39–75.
• Mas-Tur, A., Guijarro, M., Carrilero, A. (2020). “What Type of Entrepreneurship Leads to Sustainable Development? A Configurational Approach”. Social Indicators Research, 1–14.
• Miller, J. H., Page, S. E. (2007). Complex Adaptive Systems: An Introduction to Computational Models of Social Life. New Jersey: Princeton University Press.
• Newton, K. (1997). “Social Capital and Democracy”. American Behavioral Scientist, 40(5), 575–586.
• OECD. (2001a). The New Economy: Beyond The Hype. Paris: OECD.
• OECD. (2001b). The Well-Being of Nations: The Role of Human and Social Capital. Paris: OECD.
• Ostrom, E. (2015). Governing The Commons: The Evolution of Institutions for Collective Action. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Park, J. Y. (2019). “Punishing Without Rewards? A Comprehensive Examination of The Asymmetry in Economic Voting”. Electoral Studies, 57, 1–18.
• Pfotenhauer, S. M., Wood, D., Roos, D., Newman, D. (2016). “Architecting Complex International Science, Technology and Innovation Partnerships (Cıstıps): A Study of Four Global MIT Collaborations”. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 104, 38–56.
• Putnam, R. (1993). “The Prosperous Community: Social Capital and Public Life”. The American Prospect, 4(13), 35–42.
• Pye, L. W. (1968). “Political Culture”. In D. L. Sills (Ed.), Encyclopedia of The Social Sciences (pp. 218–224). New York, NY: Macmillan.
• Ragin, C. C. (1987). The Comparative Method: Moving Beyond Qualitative and Quantitative Strategies. Berkeley: University of California Press.
• Ragin, C. C. (2006). “Set Relations in Social Research: Evaluating Their Consistency and Coverage”. Political Analysis, 14(3), 291–310.
• Ragin, C. C. (2008). Redesigning Social İnquiry: Fuzzy Sets and Beyond. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
• Ragin, C. C. (2014). The Comparative Method: Moving Beyond Qualitative and Quantitative Strategies With A New Introduction. California: University of California Press.
• Ragin, C. C. (2018). User’s Guide to Fuzzy-Set/Qualitative Comparative Analysis 3.0. Irvine, California: Department of Sociology, University of California.
• Ragin, C. C., Strand, S. I. (2008). “Using Qualitative Comparative Analysis to Study Causal Order: Comment on Caren and Panofsky (2005)”. Sociological Methods & Research, 36(4), 431–441.
• Rihoux, B., Ragin, C. C. (2009). Configurational Comparative Methods. Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and Related Techniques. California: Sage.
• Robbins, S. P., Judge, T. A. (2017). Organizational Behavior. Essex: Pearson Education.
• Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of Innovations (5th ed.). New York, NY: Free Press.
• Sager, F., Rüefli, C., Thomann, E. (2019). “Fixing Federal Faults. Complementary Member State Policies in Swiss Health Care Policy”. International Review of Public Policy, 1(2), 147–172.
• Salehan, M., Kim, D. J., Lee, J. N. (2018). “Are There Any Relationships Between Technology And Cultural Values? A Country-Level Trend Study of The Association Between Information Communication Technology and Cultural Values”. Information and Management, 55(6), 725–745.
• Schneider, C. Q., Wagemann, C. (2012). Set-Theoretic Methods for The Social Sciences: A Guide to Qualitative Comparative Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Schneider, M. R., Schulze-Bentrop, C., Paunescu, M. (2010). “Mapping The İnstitutional Capital of High-Tech Firms: A Fuzzy-Set Analysis of Capitalist Variety and Export Performance”. Journal of International Business Studies, 41(2), 246–266.
• Shane, S., Venkataraman, S., MacMillan, I. (1995). “Cultural Differences in Innovation Championing Strategies”. Journal of Management, 21(5), 931–952.
• Tilley, J., Garry, J., Bold, T. (2008). “Perceptions and Reality: Economic Voting at The 2004 European Parliament Elections”. European Journal of Political Research, 47(5), 665–686.
• Turner, F. C., Elordi, C. A. (1995). “Economic Values and The Role of Goverment in Latin America”. International Social Science Journal, 145, 473–488.
• van der Molen, F., Ludwig, D., Consoli, L., Zwart, H. (2019). “Global Challenges, Dutch Solutions? The Shape of Responsibility in Dutch Science and Technology Policies”. Journal of Responsible Innovation, 6(3), 340–345.
• Vis, B. (2012). “The Comparative Advantages of FsQCA and Regression Analysis for Moderately Large-N Analyses. Sociological Methods & Research, 41(1), 168–198.
• Wang, X., Wang, Z., Jiang, Z. (2020). “Configurational Differences of National Innovation Capability: A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Approach. Technology Analysis & Strategic Management, 1–13.
• Weakliem, D. L., Andersen, R., Heath, A. F. (2005). “By Popular Demand: The Effect of Public Opinion on Income Inequality. Comparative Sociology, 4(3–4), 261–284.
• Williams, A. (2020). Political Hegemony and Social Complexity. Cham: Springer International Publishing.
• Woodside, A. G. (2013). “Moving Beyond Multiple Regression Analysis to Algorithms: Calling for Adoption of A Paradigm Shift from Symmetric to Asymmetric Thinking in Data Analysis and Crafting Theory”. Journal of Business Research, 66(4), 463–472.