İngiliz Ortaklıklar Hukukunun Kaynakları, Ortak‐ lıkların Sınıflandırılması Ve Tüzel Kişiliği Bulun‐ mayan Ortaklıklar

Year 2009, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 99 - 123, 01.10.2009

Neval Okan

Abstract

İngiliz hukukunda bir işletme bir “company” ya da bir “partnership” şeklinde bir ortaklık kurula‐ rak işletilebilir. İngiliz hukukunda ortaklıklarla ilgili düzenlemeler çeşitli mevzuat arasında yayılmıştır. İngiliz hükümeti, ortaklıklar hukuku‐ nun modern hale getirilmesi için çalışmalar başlatmıştır. Bu süreç 1998 yılında başlamış ve Sanayi ve Ticaret Bakanlığı Department of Trade and Industry tarafından yayımlanan raporlarla devam etmiştir. Bu çalışmalarda ortaklıklar hukukuna ilişkin Avrupa Birliği yönergelerinin büyük etkisi olmuştur. 2006 yılı sonunda Ortak‐ lıklar Yasası Companies Act 2006 kabul edilmiş‐ tir. Yasa koyucu “partnership” şeklinde kurulan ve tüzel kişiliği olmayan ortaklıklara az ilgi gös‐ termişse de 2000 yılında çıkarılan bir yasa ile tüzel kişiliğe sahip yeni bir parnership oluşturul‐ muştur. Tüzel kişiliği bulunmayan “partnership”lere fazla ilgi gösterilmese de, “company” yoluyla gerçekleştirilemeyecek bazı işlerin gerçekleştirilmesinde kolaylıklar sağladığı için tercih edilmektedirler.

Keywords

Ortaklık, İngiliz ortaklıklar hukuku, Avrupa Birliği ortaklıklar yönergeleri

The Sources Of English Company and Partner‐ ships Law, The Classification Of Companies and Unincorporated Parnerships

Abstract

In English law a business can be run as a “com‐ pany” or a “partnership”. The various statutes govern the companies and partnerships. The English government started consultations in order to modernise the current law on compa‐ nies. The process started in 1998 and continued with the reports of the Department of Trade and Industry. The EC Company law directives has had a profound effect on these reports. Companies Act 2006 was introduced at the end of 2006. The Parliament did not show much interest in “part‐ nerships”, but formed a new type of partnership which has legal personality by an Act accepted in 2000. Partnerships which do not have legal personality are not very popular, but they are chosen in such circumstances where a business cannot be performed in the form of a “com‐ pany”.

Keywords

Company, partnership, English com‐pany law, EC company law directives.

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