Research Article
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RECYCLING OF IRON AND STEELMAKING PLANTS WASTES

Year 2023, , 572 - 579, 29.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1218827

Abstract

As a result of the processes applied in the steel production, approximately 400 kg of waste is generated for every one ton of steel products. According to environmental regulations, these wastes must be disposed or stored in waste dams, which imposes a serious financial burden on iron and steel enterprises. In recent years, wastes with a high iron content has been recovered and returned to the steelmaking processes, replacing ore and contributing to a more efficient use of resources. However, despite the high iron content, it is not possible to use high sulphur content wastes as raw material in steel production. In this study, it is aimed to increase the utilization possibilities of these wastes as secondary raw material by reducing the content of sulphur in the concentrate by magnetic separation. It was shown that 33.34% of the wastes can be recycled with 54.90% iron recovery and 74.43% sulphur removal after dry magnetic separation experiments while 14.66% of the wastes can be recycled with 28.60% iron recovery and 89.93% sulphur removal after wet magnetic separation experiments. These removals correspond to 0.03% and 0.01% sulphur contents in the concentrates after dry and wet magnetic separations, respectively, and the concentrates can be blended back into the main raw material.

Supporting Institution

ESOGÜ BAP

Project Number

BAP 2017-15D19

Thanks

The study was supported by Eskisehir Osmangazi University Scientific Research Projects Committee (Project No: BAP 2017-15D19).

References

  • Alanyalı H., Çöl M., Yılmaz M. & Karagöz Ş. (2006). Application of Magnetic Seperation to Steelmaking Slags for Reclamation. Waste Management. 26: 1133-1139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.01.017
  • Basson E. (2018). World Steel in Figures 2018, World Steel Association, Brussels, Belgium. Available at: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/2018-World-Steel-in-Figures.pdf (accessed 28 March 2022).
  • Bilen M. (2010). Recovery of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate from Steelmaking Slags by Leach – Carbonation Process. MSc Thesis, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
  • European Commission. (2015). Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council Amending Directive 2008/98/EC on Waste. European Commission, Brussels, Belgium.
  • European Commission. (2018). Directive (EU) 2018/851 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 2008/98/EC on Waste. European Commission, Brussels, Belgium.
  • Khuri A. & Mukhopadhyay S. (2010). Response surface methodology. WIREs Computational Statistics: 128-149.
  • Lan Y.P., Liu Q.C., Meng F., Niu D.L. & Zhao H. (2017). Optimization of Magnetic Seperation Process for Iron Recovery from Steel Slag. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, International 24: 165-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(17)30023-7
  • Li Y.S. (1999) The use of waste basic oxygen furnace slag and hydrogen peroxide to degrade 4-chlorophenol. Waste Management. 19: 495-502. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(99)00239-1
  • Ma N. & Houser J.B. (2014). Recycling of steelmaking slag fines by weak magnetic separation coupled with selective particle size screening. Journal of Cleaner Production. 82: 221-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.06.092
  • Menad N., Kanari N. & Save M. (2014). Recovery of high grade iron compounds from LD slag by enhanced magnetic separation techniques. International Journal of Mineral Processing. 126: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2013.11.001
  • Ocal Y. (2014). Waste management in the Iron and Steel Industry. Master Thesis, T.C. Ministry of Development, Publication No: 2911 (In Turkish).
  • Shen H. & Forssberg E. (2003). An overwiew of Recovery of Metals from Slags. Waste Management. 23: 933-949. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(02)00164-2
  • Steinberg D.M. & Bursztyn D. (1998). Noise Factors, Dispersion and Robust Design. Statistica Sinica. 8: 67-85.
  • Worldsteel Association. (2018). Steel Industry Co-products Report. Available at: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/worldsteel-policy-paper-Steel-industry-co-products.pdf (accessed 28 March 2022).

DEMİR ÇELİK TESİS ATIKLARININ GERİ DÖNÜŞÜMÜ

Year 2023, , 572 - 579, 29.04.2023
https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1218827

Abstract

Çelik üretiminde uygulanan işlemler sonucunda her bir ton çelik ürün için yaklaşık 400 kg atık oluşmaktadır. Çevre mevzuatına göre bu atıkların bertaraf edilmesi veya atık barajlarında depolanması gerekmektedir ki bu da demir-çelik işletmelerine ciddi bir mali yük getirmektedir. Son yıllarda demir içeriği yüksek atıkların geri kazanılması ile cevherin yerini alacak şekilde çelik üretim proseslerine geri döndürülmekte ve böylece kaynakların daha verimli kullanılmasına katkı sağlanmaktadır. Ancak yüksek demir içeriğine rağmen yüksek kükürt içeriğine sahip atıkların çelik üretiminde hammadde olarak kullanılması mümkün değildir. Bu çalışmada manyetik ayırma ile konsantredeki kükürt içeriğinin azaltılması ile bu atıkların ikincil hammadde olarak kullanım olanaklarının artırılması amaçlanmaktadır. Kuru manyetik ayırma deneyleri sonrasında atıkların %33,34'ünün %54,90 demir geri kazanımı ve %74,43 kükürt giderimi ile geri dönüştürülebileceği, yaş manyetik ayırma sonrası atıkların %14,66'sının %28,60 demir geri kazanımı ve %89,93 kükürt giderimi ile geri dönüştürülebileceği gösterilmiştir. Kuru ve yaş manyetik ayırmalardan sonra elde edilen konsantrelerin kükürt içerikleri sırasıyla %0,03 ve %0,01 olup, bu konsantreler tekrar ana hammaddeye harmanlanabilir niteliktedir.

Project Number

BAP 2017-15D19

References

  • Alanyalı H., Çöl M., Yılmaz M. & Karagöz Ş. (2006). Application of Magnetic Seperation to Steelmaking Slags for Reclamation. Waste Management. 26: 1133-1139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2006.01.017
  • Basson E. (2018). World Steel in Figures 2018, World Steel Association, Brussels, Belgium. Available at: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/2018-World-Steel-in-Figures.pdf (accessed 28 March 2022).
  • Bilen M. (2010). Recovery of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate from Steelmaking Slags by Leach – Carbonation Process. MSc Thesis, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey.
  • European Commission. (2015). Proposal for a Directive of the European Parliament and of the Council Amending Directive 2008/98/EC on Waste. European Commission, Brussels, Belgium.
  • European Commission. (2018). Directive (EU) 2018/851 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 amending Directive 2008/98/EC on Waste. European Commission, Brussels, Belgium.
  • Khuri A. & Mukhopadhyay S. (2010). Response surface methodology. WIREs Computational Statistics: 128-149.
  • Lan Y.P., Liu Q.C., Meng F., Niu D.L. & Zhao H. (2017). Optimization of Magnetic Seperation Process for Iron Recovery from Steel Slag. Journal of Iron and Steel Research, International 24: 165-170. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1006-706X(17)30023-7
  • Li Y.S. (1999) The use of waste basic oxygen furnace slag and hydrogen peroxide to degrade 4-chlorophenol. Waste Management. 19: 495-502. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(99)00239-1
  • Ma N. & Houser J.B. (2014). Recycling of steelmaking slag fines by weak magnetic separation coupled with selective particle size screening. Journal of Cleaner Production. 82: 221-231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2014.06.092
  • Menad N., Kanari N. & Save M. (2014). Recovery of high grade iron compounds from LD slag by enhanced magnetic separation techniques. International Journal of Mineral Processing. 126: 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.minpro.2013.11.001
  • Ocal Y. (2014). Waste management in the Iron and Steel Industry. Master Thesis, T.C. Ministry of Development, Publication No: 2911 (In Turkish).
  • Shen H. & Forssberg E. (2003). An overwiew of Recovery of Metals from Slags. Waste Management. 23: 933-949. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(02)00164-2
  • Steinberg D.M. & Bursztyn D. (1998). Noise Factors, Dispersion and Robust Design. Statistica Sinica. 8: 67-85.
  • Worldsteel Association. (2018). Steel Industry Co-products Report. Available at: https://worldsteel.org/wp-content/uploads/worldsteel-policy-paper-Steel-industry-co-products.pdf (accessed 28 March 2022).
There are 14 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Geological Sciences and Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Sabiha Koca 0000-0002-9115-0957

Derya Öz Aksoy 0000-0003-0604-3661

Hüseyin Koca 0000-0002-4020-0176

Project Number BAP 2017-15D19
Early Pub Date April 27, 2023
Publication Date April 29, 2023
Acceptance Date March 7, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Koca, S., Öz Aksoy, D., & Koca, H. (2023). RECYCLING OF IRON AND STEELMAKING PLANTS WASTES. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(1), 572-579. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1218827
AMA Koca S, Öz Aksoy D, Koca H. RECYCLING OF IRON AND STEELMAKING PLANTS WASTES. ESOGÜ Müh Mim Fak Derg. April 2023;31(1):572-579. doi:10.31796/ogummf.1218827
Chicago Koca, Sabiha, Derya Öz Aksoy, and Hüseyin Koca. “RECYCLING OF IRON AND STEELMAKING PLANTS WASTES”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 31, no. 1 (April 2023): 572-79. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1218827.
EndNote Koca S, Öz Aksoy D, Koca H (April 1, 2023) RECYCLING OF IRON AND STEELMAKING PLANTS WASTES. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 31 1 572–579.
IEEE S. Koca, D. Öz Aksoy, and H. Koca, “RECYCLING OF IRON AND STEELMAKING PLANTS WASTES”, ESOGÜ Müh Mim Fak Derg, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 572–579, 2023, doi: 10.31796/ogummf.1218827.
ISNAD Koca, Sabiha et al. “RECYCLING OF IRON AND STEELMAKING PLANTS WASTES”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 31/1 (April 2023), 572-579. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1218827.
JAMA Koca S, Öz Aksoy D, Koca H. RECYCLING OF IRON AND STEELMAKING PLANTS WASTES. ESOGÜ Müh Mim Fak Derg. 2023;31:572–579.
MLA Koca, Sabiha et al. “RECYCLING OF IRON AND STEELMAKING PLANTS WASTES”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 31, no. 1, 2023, pp. 572-9, doi:10.31796/ogummf.1218827.
Vancouver Koca S, Öz Aksoy D, Koca H. RECYCLING OF IRON AND STEELMAKING PLANTS WASTES. ESOGÜ Müh Mim Fak Derg. 2023;31(1):572-9.

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