EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS

Navid Khaleghımoghaddam

doi:10.31796/ogummf.1395837

TR EN

ÇOK YOĞUN KONUT YAPILAŞMALARININ KULLANICILARIN ZİHİNSEL YARGILARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Öz

Günümüzde, ekonomik bir yaklaşımın sonucu olarak daha fazla insanı bir yerde barındırmak adına yoğun kentsel alanlar ortaya çıkmaktadır. Yoğunluk kavramı, yerleşim birimlerinin ve içinde yaşayan nüfusun yoğunluğunu gösteren nicel bir ölçü olarak sosyal yaşam koşullarını, ortak alanlardaki güvenliği ve çevre algısını derinden etkilemektedir. Bu durumda, konut sakinleri, çevresel yoğunluğu kişisel algılarına dayanarak değerlendirirler. Bu zihinsel yargı ve değerlendirme süreci, çoğunlukla fiziksel faktörler olarak kabul edilen etkenlere dayanmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, bu konuyu kapsamlı bir şekilde ele alabilmek için, bu çalışma yoğunluğun psikolojik etkilerini ve diğer boyutlarına dikkat çekmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma, bu etkenleri tanımlayarak çok yoğun konut yapılaşmalarının olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak için potansiyel çözümler önermeye çalışmaktadır. Buna göre, araştırma konut birimlerinin düzenlenmesi ile ilgili tasarım bilgisini geliştirmeyi hedefleyerek sakinlerin sosyo-ekonomik yapılarına odaklı İran’ın Karaj şehrindeki konut yoğunluğunun sakinlerin zihinsel yargıları üzerindeki etkisini incelemektedir. Bu bağlamda, konut yoğunluğu kavramını incelemek üzere literatür taraması yapılmış olup zihinsel yargıları etkileyen faktörler çıkarılmış ve çalışmanın kavramsal modeli şeklinde sunulmuştur. İlgili modeli test etmek için anket ve alan çalışması kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, konut birimlerinin konumu, yüksekliği ve iç tasarımının kullanıcıların zihinsel yargılarını etkilediğini göstermektedir. Ayrıca, bulgular konut çevrelerindeki yoğunluk algısının yapısal özelliklerden, konut tipi tercihlerinden ve komplekslerdeki ortak açık alanların varlığından etkilendiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Konut , Sakinler , Karaj , Yoğun Konut Yapılaşması , Zihinsel Yargı

EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS

Abstract

Today, high-density urban areas have emerged as a result of an economic approach to accommodate more people. The concept of density as a quantitative measure indicating the density of settlements and the population living in them has profound implications for social living conditions, safety in communal spaces, and perceptions of the environment. In such cases, residents evaluate environmental density based on their own impressions. This mental process of perception and assessment is based on physical features. Therefore, to address this issue thoroughly, the present study aims to consider the psychological effects and other dimensions of density. By identifying these factors, the study tries to propose any potential soluations for lessening the detrimental impacts of high residential density. To this end, it examines the effects of housing density on residents’ mental judgements in the city of Karaj, Iran, and focuses on the socio-economic structures of residents in order to improve understanding of housing units arrangement. In this context, literature review was conducted to investigate the notion of housing density, and the factors influencing mental judgments were extracted and given in the form of a conceptual model of study. Then, to test the relevant model, a survey and field studies were used. Findings showed that the location, the height, and the interior design of the residential units influence the users’ mental judgements. Furthermore, the findings indicated that the perception of density in residential environments is affected by structural features, preferences for housing type, and the presence of common open spaces in complexes.

Keywords

Karaj , High-Density Housing , Mental Judgment , Housing , Residents

References

Ahlfeldt, G. M., Redding, S. J., Sturm, D. M., & Wolf, N. (2015). The economics of density: Evidence from the Berlin Wall. ECONOMETRICA Journal of the Econometric Society, 83(6), 2127-2189. https://doi.org/10.3982/ECTA10876
Ahmadian, E., Sodagar, B., Mills, G., Byrd, H., Bingham, K., & Zolotas, A. (2019). Sustainable cities: The relationships between urban built forms and density indicators. Cities, 95, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2019.06.013
Anastasiou, E., & Manika, S. (2020). Perceptions, determinants and residential satisfaction from urban open spaces. Open Journal of Social Sciences, 8(6), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2020.86001
Aurand, A. (2010). Density, housing types and mixed land use: Smart tools for affordable housing?. Urban Studies, 47(5), 1015-1036. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098009353076
Biddulph, M. (2007). Introduction to Residential Layout. Amsterdam: Architectural Press. ISBN: 1136392122
Bolton, L. T. (2021). Space ratio: A measure of density potentials in the built environment. sustainable Cities and Society, 75. 103356. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2021.103356
Boyko, C. T., & Cooper, R. (2011). Clarifying and re-conceptualising density. Progress in Planning, 76(1), 1-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.progress.2011.07.001
Cho, P., & Sawaki, M. (2007). Study on the neighborhood characteristics of high-density hillside areas through common space (A case study on an on-the-spot improvement program district of the housing environment amelioration program in Busan, Korea). Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 6(1), 111-118. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.6.111
Chokhachian, A., Perini, K., Giulini, S., & Auer, T. (2020). Urban performance and density: Generative study on interdependencies of urban form and environmental measures. Sustainable Cities and Society, 53, 1-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2019.101952
Crajé, C., Santello, M., & Gordon, A. M. (2013). Effects of visual cues of object density on perception and anticipatory control of dexterous manipulation. PLOS ONE, 8(10), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0076855

Csanady, P. (2019). Architectural space density – The effect of enclosure. Symmetry Culture and Science, 30(1): 43-58. https://doi.org/10.26830/symmetry_2019_1_043
Dave, S. (2010). High urban densities in developing countries: A sustainable solution. Built Environment, 36(1), 9-27. https://doi.org/10.2148/benv.36.1.9
Dave, S. (2011). Neighbourhood density and social sustainability in cities of developing countries. Sustainable Development, 19(3), 189-205. https://doi.org/10.1002/sd.433
Ellis, J. G. (2004). Explaining residential density (Research & Debate). Places, 16(2), 34-43.
Fisher-Gewirtzman, D. (2018). Perception of density by pedestrians on urban paths: an experiment in virtual reality. Journal of Urban Design, 23(5), 674-692. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2018.1444471
Gibson, S., & Law, L. (2023). Barriers and opportunities for medium-density housing in small, regional cities: stakeholder perspectives from Cairns. Australian Planner, 58(3-4), 95-109. https://doi.org/10.1080/07293682.2023.2183225
Gifford, R. (2007). Environmental Psychology: Principles and Practices (4th Edition). Colville: Optimal books. ISBN: 0968854311
Godoy-Shimizu, D., Steadman, P., & Evans, S. (2021). Density and morphology: from the building scale to the city scale. Buildings and Cities, 2(1), 92–113. https://doi.org/10.5334/bc.83
Gomes, E. (2020). Sustainable population growth in low-density areas in a new technological era: Prospective thinking on how to support planning policies using complex spatial models. Land, 9(7), 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/land9070221
Hur, M., Nasar, J. L., & Chun, B. (2010). Neighborhood satisfaction, physical and perceived naturalness and openness. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 30(1). 52-59. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2009.05.005
Jacobs, M. M., & Burch, A. E. (2023). Disparities in perceived physical and mental wellness: Relationships between social vulnerability, cardiovascular risk factor prevalence, and health behaviors among elderly US residents. Journal of Primary Care & Community Health, 14, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1177/21501319231163639
Kearney, A. R. (2006). Residential development patterns and neighborhood satisfaction: Impacts of density and nearby nature, Journal of Environment and Behavior, 38(1), 112-139. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916505277607
Kline, B. (2010). Principles and practice of equation modeling. 3th Ed. New York: Guilford Press. ISBN: 1606238760
Kuddus, M. A., Tynan, E., & McBryde, E. (2020). Urbanization: A problem for the rich and the poor?. Public Health Reviews, 41(1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40985-019-0116-0
Mangrio, E., & Zdravkovic, S. (2018). Crowded living and its association with mental ill-health among recently-arrived migrants in Sweden: A quantitative study. BMC Research Notes, 11(1), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-018-3718-6
Mellen, H. & Short, M. (2023). Designing for social interaction in high-density housing: A multiple case analysis of recently completed design-led developments in London. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 4, 1-56. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2022.1043701
Milanovi, D., & Vasilevska, L. (2018). Influence of private open spaces on the quality of living in low-rise high density housing. Facta Universitatis-Series: Architecture and Civil Engineering, 16, 293-305. https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:115749699
Montgomery, C. (2013). Happy City: Transforming Our Lives Through Urban Design (Kindle Edition). New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. ISBN: 0374168237
Parra, D. C., Gomez, L. F., Pinzon, J. D., Brownson, R. C., & Millett, C. (2018). Equity in cycle lane networks: examination of the distribution of the cycle lane network by socioeconomic index in Bogotá, Colombia, Cities & Health, 2(1), 60-68. https://doi.org/10.1080/23748834.2018.1507068
Plane, D. A., & Mu, W. (2021). A people-based density perspective on physical/virtual world spaces in the microcosmic city. Land Use Policy, 111, 1-11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2020.104462
Pons, F., Giroux, M., Mourali, M., & Zins, M. (2016). The relationship between density perceptions and satisfaction in the retail setting: Mediation and moderation effects. Journal of Business Research, 69(2), 1000-1007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2015.09.005
Pont, M. B., & Haupt, P. (2007). The relation between urban form and density. Urban Morphology, 11(1), 62-65. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/289714646
Raman, S. (2010). Designing a liveable compact city: Physical forms of city and social life in urban neighbourhoods. Built Environment, 36(1), 63-80. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23289984
Sivam, A., Karuppannan, S., & Davis, M.C. (2012). Stakeholder’s perception of residential density-a case study of Adelaide- Australia. Journal of Housing and the Built Environment, 27(4), 473-494. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10901-011-9265-2
Tahvonen, O., & Airaksinen, M. (2018). Low-density housing in sustainable urban planning – Scaling down to private gardens by using the green infrastructure concept. Land Use Policy, 75, 478-485. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2018.04.017
Tu, K. J., & Lin, L. T. (2008). Evaluative structure of perceived residential environment quality in high-density and mixed-use urban settings: An exploratory study on Taipei City. Landscape and Urban Planning, 87(3). 157-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2008.05.009
Wen, L., Kenworthy, J., & Marinova, D. (2020). Higher density environments and the critical role of city streets as public open spaces. Sustainability, 12(21), 1-34. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12218896
Zacharias, J., & Stamps, A. (2004). Perceived building density as a function of layout. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 98(3), 777-784. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.98.3.777-784
Zhang, K., & Yan, D. (2023). Exploring indoor and outdoor residential factors of high-density communities for promoting the housing development. Sustainability, 15(5), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.3390/su15054452

Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Architectural Design

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Navid Khaleghımoghaddam ^*
0000-0003-2505-207X
Türkiye

Early Pub Date

December 12, 2024

Publication Date

December 22, 2024

Submission Date

November 25, 2023

Acceptance Date

September 2, 2024

Published in Issue

Year 2024 Volume: 32 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1395837

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA44JS49MW

APA

Khaleghımoghaddam, N. (2024). EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 32(3), 1565-1581. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1395837

AMA

1.Khaleghımoghaddam N. EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi. 2024;32(3):1565-1581. doi:10.31796/ogummf.1395837

Chicago

Khaleghımoghaddam, Navid. 2024. “EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 32 (3): 1565-81. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1395837.

EndNote

Khaleghımoghaddam N (December 1, 2024) EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 32 3 1565–1581.

IEEE

[1]N. Khaleghımoghaddam, “EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS”, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 1565–1581, Dec. 2024, doi: 10.31796/ogummf.1395837.

ISNAD

Khaleghımoghaddam, Navid. “EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 32/3 (December 1, 2024): 1565-1581. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1395837.

JAMA

1.Khaleghımoghaddam N. EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi. 2024;32:1565–1581.

MLA

Khaleghımoghaddam, Navid. “EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 32, no. 3, Dec. 2024, pp. 1565-81, doi:10.31796/ogummf.1395837.

Vancouver

1.Navid Khaleghımoghaddam. EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi. 2024 Dec. 1;32(3):1565-81. doi:10.31796/ogummf.1395837

ÇOK YOĞUN KONUT YAPILAŞMALARININ KULLANICILARIN ZİHİNSEL YARGILARI ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİLERİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

EXAMINING THE EFFECTS OF HIGH-DENSITY HOUSING ON USERS’ MENTAL JUDGMENTS

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Early Pub Date

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

Cite