INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA

Ali Kayabaşı; Özlem Toygar Sağın; Duru Cesur

doi:10.31796/ogummf.1881803

TR EN

ESKİŞEHİR ATIK DEPOLAMA SAHASI DRENAJ ALANINDAKİ TOPRAKTA AĞIR METAL KİRLİLİĞİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Türkiye’nin kuzeybatısında yer alan Eskişehir düzenli depolama sahası drenaj alanındaki topraklarda ağır metal kirliliğinin düzeyi araştırılmıştır. Uzun süreli atık depolama ve sızıntı sularının olası çevresel etkilerini değerlendirmek amacıyla, depolama sahasının mansabında 30 m derinliğe kadar iki adet sondaj kuyusu açılmış ve 2021 yılında yağışlı (Mayıs) ve kurak (Eylül) dönemlerde toprak örnekleri alınmıştır. Toprak örneklerinde Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Pb, Zn, Cr ve Hg konsantrasyonları ile pH değerleri belirlenmiştir. Kirlilik düzeylerinin değerlendirilmesinde kontaminasyon faktörü (CF), kirlilik yük indeksi (PLI) ve jeobirikim indeksi (I_geo) kullanılmıştır. Jeokimyasal verileri desteklemek amacıyla elektrik özdirenç tomografisi (ERT), özpotansiyel (SP) ve direnç ölçümlerini içeren jeofizik çalışmalar gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçülen ağır metal konsantrasyonları ulusal toprak mevzuatında tanımlanan sınır değerlerin altında kalmasına rağmen, kirlilik indisleri özellikle Co, Ni ve Cr için yerel ölçekte zenginleşmeye işaret etmektedir. Bu elementler yağışlı dönemde yüksek değerler göstermiş, Cr ise kurak dönemde de görece yüksek seviyelerini korumuştur. PLI sonuçları, çalışma alanında genel olarak düşük düzeyde bir kirlilik yüküne işaret etmektedir. Jeofizik veriler, ağır metal kirliliği ile ilişkili belirgin bir yeraltı anomalisi ortaya koymamıştır. Sonuçlar, düzenli depolama sahası drenaj alanındaki ağır metal birikiminin mevsimsel olarak değişken ve mekânsal olarak sınırlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Bu tür alanlarda uzun vadeli çevresel risklerin değerlendirilmesi için jeokimyasal ve jeofizik yöntemlerin birlikte kullanıldığı periyodik izleme çalışmalarının sürdürülmesi önerilmektedir.

Keywords

Eskişehir, Ağır metal, Atık sahası, Toprak kirliliği, Kirlilik indeksi

Supporting Institution

Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi

Project Number

2020-15056

Ethical Statement

Yazarların açıklanması gereken ilgili mali veya mali olmayan çıkarları bulunmamaktadır.

Thanks

Yazarlar, çalışmasına destek olan Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi'ne içten teşekkürlerini sunar. Bu çalışma, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Koordinasyon Birimi tarafından (Proje No: 121 No: 2020-15056) desteklenmiştir.

INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA

Abstract

This study assesses the extent of heavy metal contamination in the soil of the Eskişehir landfill drainage area in northwest Türkiye, where long-term waste accumulation and leachate pose potential environmental risks. Two boreholes were drilled to a depth of 30 meters downstream of the landfill site, and soil samples were collected during both wet (May) and dry (September) seasons in 2021. Concentrations of manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, arsenic, cadmium, lead, zinc, chromium, and mercury were determined together with pH values. Pollution indices, such as the contamination factor, pollution load index, and geoaccumulation index, were used to evaluate contamination levels. To support the geochemical results, geophysical surveys including electrical resistivity tomography, self-potential, and resistance measurements were carried out. Although measured heavy metal concentrations stayed below the legal thresholds set by national soil regulations, the calculated indices indicated localised contamination, particularly for cobalt, nickel, and chromium, which showed high levels during the wet season and remained elevated for chromium during the dry season. The pollution load index suggested a generally low overall pollution risk. Geophysical measurements did not reveal significant subsurface contamination-related anomalies. These findings demonstrate that heavy metal accumulation in the landfill drainage area is both seasonally variable and spatially localised. Periodic monitoring combining geochemical and geophysical approaches is recommended to manage and mitigate long-term risks in such waste storage environments.

Keywords

Eskişehir, Heavy metal, Landfill, Soil pollution, Pollution indices

Supporting Institution

Eskisehir Osmangazi University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit

Project Number

2020-15056

Ethical Statement

The authors have no relevant financial or nonfinancial interests to disclose.

Thanks

The author would like to express his sincere thanks to Eskisehir Osmangazi University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit for support his study. This work has been supported by Eskisehir Osmangazi University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit under grant number (Project ID:121 No: 2020-15056).

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Geological Sciences and Engineering (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Ali Kayabaşı ^*
0000-0001-6460-0628
Türkiye

Özlem Toygar Sağın
0000-0002-2516-4250
Türkiye

Duru Cesur
0009-0000-6188-8267
Türkiye

Publication Date

August 17, 2026

Submission Date

February 4, 2026

Acceptance Date

April 30, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 34 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1881803

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA58HX35LW

APA

Kayabaşı, A., Toygar Sağın, Ö., & Cesur, D. (2026). INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, 34(2), 2208-2220. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1881803

AMA

1.Kayabaşı A, Toygar Sağın Ö, Cesur D. INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi. 2026;34(2):2208-2220. doi:10.31796/ogummf.1881803

Chicago

Kayabaşı, Ali, Özlem Toygar Sağın, and Duru Cesur. 2026. “INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 34 (2): 2208-20. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1881803.

EndNote

Kayabaşı A, Toygar Sağın Ö, Cesur D (August 1, 2026) INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 34 2 2208–2220.

IEEE

[1]A. Kayabaşı, Ö. Toygar Sağın, and D. Cesur, “INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA”, Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 34, no. 2, pp. 2208–2220, Aug. 2026, doi: 10.31796/ogummf.1881803.

ISNAD

Kayabaşı, Ali - Toygar Sağın, Özlem - Cesur, Duru. “INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi 34/2 (August 1, 2026): 2208-2220. https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1881803.

JAMA

1.Kayabaşı A, Toygar Sağın Ö, Cesur D. INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi. 2026;34:2208–2220.

MLA

Kayabaşı, Ali, et al. “INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA”. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik Ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 34, no. 2, Aug. 2026, pp. 2208-20, doi:10.31796/ogummf.1881803.

Vancouver

1.Ali Kayabaşı, Özlem Toygar Sağın, Duru Cesur. INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA. Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi Mühendislik ve Mimarlık Fakültesi Dergisi. 2026 Aug. 1;34(2):2208-20. doi:10.31796/ogummf.1881803

ESKİŞEHİR ATIK DEPOLAMA SAHASI DRENAJ ALANINDAKİ TOPRAKTA AĞIR METAL KİRLİLİĞİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Project Number

Ethical Statement

Thanks

INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY METAL POLLUTION IN SOIL IN ESKISEHIR LANDFILL DRAINAGE AREA

Abstract

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Project Number

Ethical Statement

Thanks

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

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