A BRIEF OVERVIEW TO SOLID WASTE TREATMENT & RECENT PRACTICE OF TURKEY

Year 2023, Volume: 31 Issue: 4, 1045 - 1059, 22.12.2023

Haldun Kurama

https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1374306

Abstract

High rates of energy and goods consumption, combined with increasing population growth and high living standards, lead to the ever-increasing production of solid waste. The amount of solid waste generated today has reached a level that poses serious threats to the environment and the sustainable management of the country's economies. Although action plans are being prepared and implemented by countries, unions and institutions for the environmentally friendly and sustainable management of solid waste, it is seen that the threat still exists for the near future. Within the scope of solid waste, management of household waste is undoubtedly one of the most important issues today. The MSW EU average for 2021 reached 530 million tons. Similarly, a total of 104.8 million tons of waste was generated in Turkey in 2020, 32.3 million tons of which were domestic waste. Although, today, the most common method of solid waste control globally is storage in open or controlled landfills, it is seen that Thermal conversion, MTB or Liquefaction applications, which enable energy production especially within the cyclical economy and production model, are increasingly increasing.
The aim of this compilation study, in which global and country-based statistics are briefly presented, is to raise awareness of the increasing threat.

Keywords

Solid waste, Sustainability, Waste treatment, Municipal solid waste

KATI ATIK ARITIMINA KISA BİR BAKIŞ VE TÜRKİYE'DEKİ GÜNCEL UYGULAMALAR

Abstract

Yüksek orandaki enerji ve mal tüketimi, artan nüfus artışı ve yüksek yaşam standartları ile birleşince, katı atık üretiminin sürekli artmasına yol açmaktadır. Günümüzde üretilen katı atık miktarı, çevre ve ülke ekonomilerinin sürdürülebilir yönetimi açısından ciddi tehdit oluşturacak düzeye ulaşmıştır. Katı atıkların çevre dostu ve sürdürülebilir yönetimine yönelik ülkeler, birlikler ve kurumlar tarafından eylem planları hazırlanıp uygulanıyor olsa da yakın gelecek için tehdit hala devam etmektedir. Katı atık kapsamında evsel atıkların yönetimi şüphesiz günümüzün en önemli konularından biridir. 2021 yılı MSW AB ortalaması 530 milyon tona ulaşmıştır. Benzer şekilde Türkiye'de de 2020 yılında 32,3 milyon tonu evsel atık olmak üzere toplam 104,8 milyon ton atık üretilmiştir. Günümüzde katı atık kontrolünün dünya genelinde en yaygın yöntemi açık veya kontrollü depolama alanlarında depolama olmasına rağmen, özellikle döngüsel ekonomi ve üretim modeli kapsamında enerji üretimine olanak sağlayan Termal dönüşüm, MTB veya Sıvılaştırma uygulamalarının giderek arttığı görülmektedir.
Küresel ve ülke bazlı istatistiklerin kısaca sunulduğu bu derleme çalışmasının amacı artan tehdit konusunda farkındalık yaratmaktır.
Küresel ve ülke bazlı istatistiklerin kısaca sunulduğu bu derleme çalışmasının amacı artan tehdit konusunda farkındalık yaratmaktır.

Keywords

Katı atık, Sürdürülebilirlik, Atık arıtımı, Evsek katı atık

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