BULONLU ÇELİK BİRLEŞİMLERDEKİ KANIRTMA ETKİSİNİN ARAŞTIRILMASI

Year 2025, Volume: 33 Issue: 1, 1751 - 1779, 24.04.2025

Tchabremane Jean De La Croix Kombate , Kıvanç Taşkın , Kerem Peker

https://doi.org/10.31796/ogummf.1471916

Abstract

Çelik yapılarda taşıyıcı elemanların en yaygın birleşim şekli olan T birleşim bölgelerinde ortaya çıkan davranışın ortak özellliği çekme yükünden dolayı başlık bölgelerinde oluşan deformasyonlardır. Buna sebep olan etki de kanırtma (prying) etkisidir. Bulonlardaki eğilme momentinin incelenmesine yönelik çok az çalışma yapılmıştır. Literatürde verilen testler bulonların eğilme etkisini vurgulamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, kanırtma etkilerini araştırmak için kaynaklı plakalar ile oluşturulan T-birleşimler üzerinde kapsamlı bir parametrik çalışma gerçekleştirilmiştir. ABAQUS'ta oluşturulan gelişmiş sonlu eleman modellerini kalibre etmek ve doğrulamak için literatürdeki deneysel veriler kullanılmıştır. Flanş kalınlığı, kenar mesafesi ve bulonların arasındaki mesafe gibi parametrelerin bulonlu T-birleşimlerin davranışı ve özellikle kanırtma etkisi üzerindeki etkilerini incelemek için 200’den fazla sonlu eleman modeli oluşturulmuştur. EN 1993-1-8'de verilen dayanım tahminlerinin çok güvenli olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmadaki bir yenilik de bulonlarda oluşabilecek eğilme momentine odaklanılmasıdır. Bulonlardaki çekme kuvvetleri ile birleştiğinde, önemli gerilmelere neden olmakta ve taşıma kapasitesine gelmeden erken göçmeye yol açabilmektedir. Sonuç olarak, mevcut standartlar bulonlardaki eğilme momentini hesaba katmamaktadır. Bulonda oluşacak momentin önemli olabileceği ve tasarım aşamasında hesaba katılması gerektiği görülmektedir. Farklı geometrik özelliklerin bulon momenti üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmıştır. Ayrıca, bulonlardaki gerilme ve eğilmenin birleşik etkisi M-N etkileşim eğrileri aracılığıyla incelenmiştir.

Keywords

Çelik birleşimleri, Civatalı bağlantılar, T-parça, Kanırtma etkisi, Civata bükülme

INVESTIGATION INTO PRYING FORCE AND BOLT MOMENT IN WELDED STEEL T-STUBS

Abstract

Prying action may develop in bolted T-stub connection due to the flange deformation. In this paper, an extensive numerical study was carried out on welded plate T-stubs to investigate prying action. Using experimental data in the literature, a finite element model was constructed and validated in ABAQUS. Good agreement was obtained, and over 200 FE models were generated to study the influence of flange thickness, edge distance, and gauge distance on the behavior of bolted T-stubs, including prying effects. The resistance predictions provided in EN 1993-1-8 were found to be conservative. This study's novelty was the focus on the bending moment that may develop in the bolts. Tests have highlighted the flexural engagement of the bolts. Combined with tensile action in the bolts, it may induce substantial stresses and cause premature failure. Few studies have been dedicated to investigating the bending moment in the bolts. Consequently, the actual codes do not account for the bending moment in the bolts. It was found that the bolt moment could be considerable and should be accounted for in the design procedure. The influence of several geometrical properties on the bolt moment was investigated. Additionally, the M-N interaction curves examined the combined action of tension and bending in the bolts.

Keywords

Steel connections, Bolted connections, T-stub, Prying effect

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