Hofstede'nin Ulusal Kültür Çerçevesi ile İş Güvenliği Arasındaki İlişki Üzerine Bir Literatür Taraması

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 40 - 53, 30.06.2024

Serkan Yıldız

https://doi.org/10.38213/ohsacademy.1281413

Abstract

ILO'nun açıkladığı verilere göre her yıl ekonomik kayıp, yaralanma ve ölümle sonuçlanan 340 milyon iş kazası meydana gelmektedir. Literatürde, çalışma ortamının giderek çok kültürlü hale gelmesiyle önemi giderek artan ulusal kültür, iş güvenliğini etkileyen unsurlardan biri olarak gösterilmektedir. Bu araştırmada ulusal kültür ile iş güvenliği arasındaki ilişkiyi Hofstede'nin ulusal kültür boyutları üzerinden inceleyen 20 makale tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmalar, incelenen güvenlik faktörü, kullanılan yöntem, sektörleri ve ulaşılan sonuçlar açısından incelenmiştir. Buna göre güvenlik performansı ve güvenlik tutumları en çok çalışılan güvenlik boyutları, anketler en çok kullanılan yöntem ve inşaat, havacılık, petrol ve gaz ve denizcilik sektörleri en çok incelenen sektörler olmuştur. Çalışmaların çoğu, IDV'nin iş güvenliği üzerindeki olumsuz etkisi, MAS'ın olumsuz etkisi veya etkisizliği ve UAI ve LTO'nun olumlu etkisi lehine olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ancak, PDI'nin etkisi hakkında tam bir anlaşmazlık olduğu görülmüştür. Bu çalışmanın ulusal kültür iş güvenliği ilişkisinin daha iyi anlaşılmasına katkı sağlaması ve böylece iş güvenliği ile ilgili politika geliştirme ve düzenlemede karar vericilere yol göstermesi beklenmektedir.

Keywords

Occupational Safety, National Culture, Hofstede, Safety Performance, Safety Attitude

A Literature Review on the Relationship Between Hofstede’s National Culture Framework and Occupational Safety

Abstract

According to data released by ILO, 340 million occupational accidents leading to economic losses, injuries, and deaths occur annually. In the literature, national culture, whose importance gradually increases with the working environment increasingly multicultural, was indicated as one of the factors that affect occupational safety. In this study, 20 articles examining the relationship between national culture and occupational safety over Hofstede's national culture dimensions were identified. These studies were reviewed in terms of the safety factor they examined, the method used, the sector and the results obtained. In addition, the studies were discussed in detail in terms of the effect of national culture on occupational safety. Accordingly, safety performance and safety attitudes were the most studied safety dimensions, questionnaires were the most used method and construction, aviation, oil and gas, and shipping sectors were the most examined sectors. Most of the studies were identified to be in favour of the negative effect of IDV on occupational safety, the negative effect or ineffectiveness of MAS, and the positive effect of UAI and LTO. However, there was a total disagreement about the impact of PDI. This study is expected to provide a better understanding of the national culture and occupational safety relationships, thereby guiding decision-makers in policy development and regulation related to occupational safety.

Keywords

İş Güvenliği, Ulusal Kültür, Hofstede, Güvenlik Performansı, Güvenlik Davranışı

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