Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study

Barlas Armatlı; Halim Kazan

doi:10.25287/ohuiibf.1811096

EN TR

Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study

Abstract

A circular economy (CE) is an economic model that shifts away from the conventional end-of-life approach by incorporating strategies like reducing, reusing, and recycling. This model aims to enhance environmental quality, economic prosperity, and social equity across generations. While CE has gained growing attention as a pathway to sustainable development, its implementation at the firm level remains difficult to assess due to the lack of a validated measurement tool. This study fills this gap by developing a scale to evaluate CE implementation in industrial firms. Through a comprehensive literature review, an initial pool of 113 items was generated and refined through expert evaluations, resulting in a 65-item questionnaire. Data were collected from 295 professionals working in relevant departments of industrial firms in Türkiye. The results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses revealed a reliable and valid four-dimensional structure consisting of digital technologies, reverse logistics, consumer-oriented activities, and resource conservation, with a total of 17 items. The scale captures a range of CE-related practices that are often embedded in operations but not explicitly labeled as circular. It offers a conceptual focus for assessing CE efforts at the firm level and supports ongoing theoretical development in the domain.

Keywords

Circular Economy, Sustainability, Industrial Firms, Scale Development

Döngüsel Ekonominin Firma Seviyesinde Ölçümlenmesi: Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Abstract

Döngüsel ekonomi (DE), geleneksel ekonomik sistemde “al-kullan-at” kullanım ömrünün sonlandırılması yaklaşımından uzaklaşarak, azaltma, yeniden kullanım ve geri dönüşüm gibi stratejileri benimseyen bir ekonomik modeldir. Bu model, nesilden nesile çevresel kaliteyi, ekonomik refahı ve sosyal eşitliği artırmayı hedeflemektedir. Her ne kadar DE sürdürülebilir kalkınma için giderek daha fazla benimsenen bir yol olarak öne çıksa da işletme düzeyindeki uygulamalarını değerlendirmek, geçerliliği kanıtlanmış ve üzerinde görüş birliğine varılmış bir ölçüm aracının eksikliği nedeniyle hâlâ güçlük arz etmektedir. Bu çalışma, sanayi işletmelerinde DE uygulamalarını değerlendirmek üzere bir ölçek geliştirerek söz konusu boşluğu doldurmayı amaçlamaktadır. Kapsamlı bir literatür taramasıyla oluşturulan 113 maddelik ön madde havuzu, uzman görüşleriyle gözden geçirilmiş ve 65 maddelik bir anket haline getirilmiştir. Türkiye’deki sanayi işletmelerinin ilgili bölümlerinde görev yapan 295 profesyonelden anket yoluyla veri elde edilmiştir. Keşfedici ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizleri sonucunda; dijital teknolojiler, tersine lojistik, tüketici odaklı faaliyetler ve kaynak koruma olmak üzere dört boyut ve toplam 17 maddeden oluşan güvenilir ve geçerli bir yapı ortaya konmuştur. Ölçek, firmalarda hâlihazırda uygulanan ancak açıkça DE kapsamında tanımlanmayan çeşitli uygulamaları kapsamaktadır. Bu yönüyle, işletme düzeyindeki DE çabalarının değerlendirilmesine kavramsal odak sağlayarak alandaki kuramsal gelişimi desteklemektedir.

Keywords

Döngüsel Ekonomi, Sürdürülebilirlik, Sanayi İşletmeleri, Ölçek Geliştirme

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Ecological Economics, Human Resources and Industrial Relations (Other)

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Barlas Armatlı ^*
0000-0003-0744-1055
Türkiye

Halim Kazan
0000-0002-9234-6214
Türkiye

Publication Date

October 27, 2025

Submission Date

June 12, 2025

Acceptance Date

October 17, 2025

Published in Issue

Year 2025 Volume: 18 Number: 4

DOI

https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.1811096

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA92ZW85YM

APA

Armatlı, B., & Kazan, H. (2025). Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study. Academic Review of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 18(4), 1052-1072. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.1811096

AMA

1.Armatlı B, Kazan H. Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study. Academic Review of Economics and Administrative Sciences. 2025;18(4):1052-1072. doi:10.25287/ohuiibf.1811096

Chicago

Armatlı, Barlas, and Halim Kazan. 2025. “Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study”. Academic Review of Economics and Administrative Sciences 18 (4): 1052-72. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.1811096.

EndNote

Armatlı B, Kazan H (October 1, 2025) Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study. Academic Review of Economics and Administrative Sciences 18 4 1052–1072.

IEEE

[1]B. Armatlı and H. Kazan, “Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study”, Academic Review of Economics and Administrative Sciences, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 1052–1072, Oct. 2025, doi: 10.25287/ohuiibf.1811096.

ISNAD

Armatlı, Barlas - Kazan, Halim. “Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study”. Academic Review of Economics and Administrative Sciences 18/4 (October 1, 2025): 1052-1072. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.1811096.

JAMA

1.Armatlı B, Kazan H. Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study. Academic Review of Economics and Administrative Sciences. 2025;18:1052–1072.

MLA

Armatlı, Barlas, and Halim Kazan. “Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study”. Academic Review of Economics and Administrative Sciences, vol. 18, no. 4, Oct. 2025, pp. 1052-7, doi:10.25287/ohuiibf.1811096.

Vancouver

1.Barlas Armatlı, Halim Kazan. Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study. Academic Review of Economics and Administrative Sciences. 2025 Oct. 1;18(4):1052-7. doi:10.25287/ohuiibf.1811096

Ömer Halisdemir Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi (OHUIIBF) is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Pseudonymity License 4.0 international license.

Measuring Circular Economy at Micro Level: A Scale Development Study

Abstract

Keywords

Döngüsel Ekonominin Firma Seviyesinde Ölçümlenmesi: Ölçek Geliştirme Çalışması

Abstract

Keywords

References

Details

Primary Language

Subjects

Journal Section

Authors

Publication Date

Submission Date

Acceptance Date

Published in Issue

DOI

IZ

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