Learning Curves in The Knowledge Intensive Services Sub-Sectors

Abstract

The learning curve illustrates the decrease in average cost as the cumulative total output of the firm increases. There are different learning curve models including univariate and multivariate. The traditional univariate learning curve symbolizes a dependent variable such as production cost in terms of independent variables (cumulative output, etc.). The univariate models are the log-linear model, the S-curve, the Stanford-B model, DeJong’s learning formula, Levy’s adaptation function, Glover’s learning formula, Pegel’s exponential function, Knecht’s upturn model, and Yelle’s product model. Among these models, the S-curve or cubic learning model assumes that the level of learning varies over time. The learning curves have traditionally been used for industry and service sectors. Service sector is the branch of industry in which the service is produced rather than the final goods. The main aim of this study is to make a detailed analysis the learning curves in the Turkish Knowledge Intensive Services sub-sectors for 2003-2017 period. In order to satisfy this aim, the cubic learning model has been estimated and calculated the learning (progress) ratio values Knowledge Intensive Services sub-sectors from 2003 to 2017. According to the findings obtained from the study, it was observed that the learning curve in the Knowledge Intensive Services sectors in each sub-sector has four different shapes, convex, concave, negative and positive slope.

Keywords

• Learning Curve
• Knowledge Intensive Services
• Turkey

Bilgi Yoğun Hizmetler Alt Sektörlerinde Öğrenme Eğrileri

Öz

Öğrenme eğrisi, firmanın kümülatif toplam üretimi arttıkça ortalama maliyetlerindeki düşüşü göstermektedir. Tek değişkenli ve çok değişkenli olmak üzere farklı öğrenme eğrisi modelleri vardır. Geleneksel tek değişkenli öğrenme eğrisi, üretim maliyeti gibi bir bağımlı değişkeni kümülatif üretim miktarı vb. Bağımsız değişkenler açısından açıklamaya çalışmaktadır. Tek değişkenli modeller arasında Log-Lineer model, S-eğrisi, Stanford-B modeli, DeJong'un öğrenme formülü, Levy'nin adaptasyon fonksiyonu, Glover'ın öğrenme formülü, Pegel'in üstel fonksiyonu, Knecht'in yükselme modeli, Yelle'nin ürün modeli sayılabilir. Söz konusu modeller içinde S-eğrisi veya kübik öğrenme modeli, öğrenme seviyesinin zaman içinde değiştiğini varsaymaktadır. Öğrenme eğrileri geleneksel olarak sanayi ve hizmet sektörlerinde kullanılmaktadır. Hizmetler sektörü, nihai ürünlerden ziyade hizmetin üretildiği bir endüstri koludur. Bu çalışmanın ana amacı, 2003-2017 dönemi için Türk Bilgi Yoğun Hizmetler alt sektörlerine ait öğrenme eğrilerini detaylı bir biçimde analiz etmektir. Bu amacı gerçekleştirmek için kübik öğrenme modeli, 2003 ve 2017 yılları arasında Bilgi Yoğun Hizmetler alt sektörleri için öğrenme (ilerleme) oranı değerleri tahmin edilmiş ve hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmadan elde edilen bulgulara göre, Bilgi Yoğun Hizmetler sektörlerinde her bir alt sektördeki öğrenme eğrisinin dış bükey, içbükey, negatif ve pozitif eğimli olmak üzere dört farklı şekle sahip olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Öğrenme Eğrisi
• Öğrenme (İlerleme) Oranı
• Bilgi Yoğun Hizmetler
• Türkiye

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