The Reform Problematiqe of the United Nations Security Council

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 466 - 477, 18.10.2019

Şeyda Güdek Gölçek

https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.512311

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Established to protect
international peace and security as a primary objective, the United Nations
(UN) plays an important role in global politics because it has the
responsibility to use force. More in particular, the Security Council, the
decisive body in fulfilling this important responsibility, stands out. This
important authority puts the Security Council's membership composition and
therefore the decision-making mechanism in a central position. However, due to
the impact of international changes and problems stemming from the way the
Security Council is exercising its responsibility, reform pressures on the
council have continued to increase since the 1990s. However,
reform efforts are not successful due to the constraints of the Westphalian
system and the power relations of the states. Therefore, instead of
concentrating on definite and deep-rooted reforms, it will be useful to be
aware of the systemic reality and try to establish conventions that will
provide the basis for legal arrangements through gradual changes.

Keywords

United Nations, Security Council, Reform, Westphalian System

Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi'nin Reform Sorunsalı

Abstract

Öncelikli hedefi olarak
uluslararası barış ve güvenliği korumak üzere kurulan Birleşmiş Milletler (BM),
kuvvet kullanma sorumluluğunu taşıması nedeni ile küresel siyasette önemli bir
rol oynamaktadır. Daha özelde ise bu önemli sorumluluğu yerine getirmede
belirleyici organ olan Güvenlik Konseyi öne çıkmaktadır. Bu önemli yetki Güvenlik
Konseyi’nin üyelik kompozisyonunu ve dolayısıyla karar alma mekanizmasını
merkezi bir konuma taşımaktadır. Ancak uluslararası alanda meydana gelen
değişikliklerin etkisi ve Güvenlik Konseyi’nin sorumluluğunu kullanma
biçiminden kaynaklanan sorunlar nedeni ile konsey üzerindeki reform baskıları
1990’lı yıllardan itibaren artarak devam etmektedir. Fakat Vestfalyan sistemin
kısıtlarının ve devletlerin güç ilişkilerinin etkisi ile reform çalışmaları
başarılı olmamaktadır. Bu nedenle kesin ve köklü reformlar üzerinde yoğunlaşmak
yerine, sistemsel realitenin farkında olunarak aşamalı değişikliklerle, hukuki
düzenlemelere zemin oluşturacak teamüllerin oluşturulmaya çalışılması yararlı
olacaktır.

Keywords

Birleşmiş Milletler, Güvenlik Konseyi, reform, vestfalyan sistem

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