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The Reform Problematiqe of the United Nations Security Council

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 466 - 477, 18.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.512311

Abstract










Established to protect
international peace and security as a primary objective, the United Nations
(UN) plays an important role in global politics because it has the
responsibility to use force.
More in particular, the Security Council, the
decisive body in fulfilling this important responsibility, stands out. This
important authority puts the Security Council's membership composition and
therefore the decision-making mechanism in a central position. However, due to
the impact of international changes and problems stemming from the way the
Security Council is exercising its responsibility, reform pressures on the
council have continued to increase since the 1990s.
However,
reform efforts are not successful due to the constraints of the Westphalian
system and the power relations of the states.
Therefore, instead of
concentrating on definite and deep-rooted reforms, it will be useful to be
aware of the systemic reality and try to establish conventions that will
provide the basis for legal arrangements through gradual changes.

References

  • Assembly Debates, International Studies Quartely, 59.
  • Bourantonis, D. (2005). The History and Politics of UN Security Council Reform, London: Routledge.
  • Chayes, A. & Chayes, A. H. (1995), The New Sovereignty: Compliance with International Regulatory Agreements, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Coicaud, J. M. & Heiskanen, V. (2001). The Legitimacy of International Organizations, Tokyo: United Nations Universityy Press.
  • Çakmak, C. (2014). Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi: Eleştirildiği Kadar Vazgeçilemeyen Bir Aktör, Doğan, N. v.d. (ed.), BM Sistemi ve BM’de Reform Tartışmaları, Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Fitzgerald, A. (2000). Security Council Reform: Creating a More Representative Body of the Entire UN Membership, Peace International Review, 12 (2).
  • General Assembly Report. (2004a). Report of the Open-ended Workin Group on the Question of Equitable Representation on and Icrease in the Membership of the Security Council and Other Matters related to the Security Council, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/529659/files/A_58_47-EN.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • General Assembly Report. (2004b). Report of the High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change, http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/instree/report.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • General Assembly Report. (2005a). Question od Equitable Reoresentation on and Increase in the Memebership of the Security Council and Related Matters, https://www.globalpolicy.org/images/pdfs/0706g4resolution.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • General Assembly Report. (2005b). Question od Equitable Reoresentation on and Increase in the Memebership of the Security Council and Related Matters, https://www.globalpolicy.org/images/pdfs/0718auresolution.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • General Assembly Report. (2005c). Question od Equitable Reoresentation on and Increase in the Memebership of the Security Council and Related Matters, https://www.globalpolicy.org/images/pdfs/0721uforcresolution.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • General Assembly Report. (2005d). To all Permanent Representatives and Permanent Observesr of all Missions to the United Nations, https://www.globalpolicy.org/images/pdfs/Swiss_S5_Resolution_November_10_2005.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • Hurd, I. (2008a). After Anarchy: Legitimacy and Power in the United Nations Security Council, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Hurd, I. (2008b). Myths of Membership: The Politics of Legitimation in UN Security Council Reform, Global Governance, 14.
  • Krisch, N. (2011). Informal Reform in the Security Council, Wilde, R. (ed.), United Nations Reform Through Practice: Report of the International Law Association Study Group on United Nations Reform, International Law Association United Nations Reform Study Group, https://www.peacepalacelibrary.nl/ebooks/files/SSRN-id1971008.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • Luck, E. C. (2005). How Not to Reform the United Nations, Global Governance, 11 (3).
  • Report of the Facilitators. (2007). To the President of the General Assembly on the Consultations Regarding “The Question of Equitable Reprasentation on and Increase in the Membership of the Security Council and Other Matters Related to the Security Council”, http://www.un.org/ga/president/61/letters/SC-reform-Facil-report-20-April-07.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • Scharpf, F. W. (1999), Governing in Europe: Effective and Democratic?, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Teixeira, P. (2003). The Security Council at the Dwn of the Twenty-First Century: To What Extent is it Willing and able to Maintain International Peace and Security?, United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, Geneva.
  • Thakur, R. (2004). United Nations Security Council Reform, African Security Review, 13 (3).
  • Tharoor, S. (2003). Why America Still Needs the United Nations, Foreign Affairs, 82 (5).
  • UN Press Release. (1997). Assembly President Proposes Increase in security Council Memebership to 25 by Edding 5 Permanent, 4 non-Permanent Members, GA/9228, https://www.un.org/press/en/1997/19970320.ga9228.html (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • van Kesteren, K. (2005). Reforming the Security Council: Views from Practice, Blokker, N. & Schrijver, N. (ed.), The Security Council and the Use of Force: Theory and Reality-A Need for Change?, Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
  • Weiss, T. (2003). The Illusion of UN Security Council Reform, Washington Quartely, 26 (4).

Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi'nin Reform Sorunsalı

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 466 - 477, 18.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.512311

Abstract

Öncelikli hedefi olarak
uluslararası barış ve güvenliği korumak üzere kurulan Birleşmiş Milletler (BM),
kuvvet kullanma sorumluluğunu taşıması nedeni ile küresel siyasette önemli bir
rol oynamaktadır. Daha özelde ise bu önemli sorumluluğu yerine getirmede
belirleyici organ olan Güvenlik Konseyi öne çıkmaktadır.
Bu önemli yetki Güvenlik
Konseyi’nin üyelik kompozisyonunu ve dolayısıyla karar alma mekanizmasını
merkezi bir konuma taşımaktadır. Ancak uluslararası alanda meydana gelen
değişikliklerin etkisi ve Güvenlik Konseyi’nin sorumluluğunu kullanma
biçiminden kaynaklanan sorunlar nedeni ile konsey üzerindeki reform baskıları
1990’lı yıllardan itibaren artarak devam etmektedir. Fakat Vestfalyan sistemin
kısıtlarının ve devletlerin güç ilişkilerinin etkisi ile reform çalışmaları
başarılı olmamaktadır. Bu nedenle kesin ve köklü reformlar üzerinde yoğunlaşmak
yerine, sistemsel realitenin farkında olunarak aşamalı değişikliklerle, hukuki
düzenlemelere zemin oluşturacak teamüllerin oluşturulmaya çalışılması yararlı
olacaktır.

References

  • Assembly Debates, International Studies Quartely, 59.
  • Bourantonis, D. (2005). The History and Politics of UN Security Council Reform, London: Routledge.
  • Chayes, A. & Chayes, A. H. (1995), The New Sovereignty: Compliance with International Regulatory Agreements, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  • Coicaud, J. M. & Heiskanen, V. (2001). The Legitimacy of International Organizations, Tokyo: United Nations Universityy Press.
  • Çakmak, C. (2014). Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi: Eleştirildiği Kadar Vazgeçilemeyen Bir Aktör, Doğan, N. v.d. (ed.), BM Sistemi ve BM’de Reform Tartışmaları, Ankara: Siyasal Kitabevi.
  • Fitzgerald, A. (2000). Security Council Reform: Creating a More Representative Body of the Entire UN Membership, Peace International Review, 12 (2).
  • General Assembly Report. (2004a). Report of the Open-ended Workin Group on the Question of Equitable Representation on and Icrease in the Membership of the Security Council and Other Matters related to the Security Council, https://digitallibrary.un.org/record/529659/files/A_58_47-EN.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • General Assembly Report. (2004b). Report of the High-Level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change, http://hrlibrary.umn.edu/instree/report.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • General Assembly Report. (2005a). Question od Equitable Reoresentation on and Increase in the Memebership of the Security Council and Related Matters, https://www.globalpolicy.org/images/pdfs/0706g4resolution.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • General Assembly Report. (2005b). Question od Equitable Reoresentation on and Increase in the Memebership of the Security Council and Related Matters, https://www.globalpolicy.org/images/pdfs/0718auresolution.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • General Assembly Report. (2005c). Question od Equitable Reoresentation on and Increase in the Memebership of the Security Council and Related Matters, https://www.globalpolicy.org/images/pdfs/0721uforcresolution.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • General Assembly Report. (2005d). To all Permanent Representatives and Permanent Observesr of all Missions to the United Nations, https://www.globalpolicy.org/images/pdfs/Swiss_S5_Resolution_November_10_2005.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • Hurd, I. (2008a). After Anarchy: Legitimacy and Power in the United Nations Security Council, Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Hurd, I. (2008b). Myths of Membership: The Politics of Legitimation in UN Security Council Reform, Global Governance, 14.
  • Krisch, N. (2011). Informal Reform in the Security Council, Wilde, R. (ed.), United Nations Reform Through Practice: Report of the International Law Association Study Group on United Nations Reform, International Law Association United Nations Reform Study Group, https://www.peacepalacelibrary.nl/ebooks/files/SSRN-id1971008.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • Luck, E. C. (2005). How Not to Reform the United Nations, Global Governance, 11 (3).
  • Report of the Facilitators. (2007). To the President of the General Assembly on the Consultations Regarding “The Question of Equitable Reprasentation on and Increase in the Membership of the Security Council and Other Matters Related to the Security Council”, http://www.un.org/ga/president/61/letters/SC-reform-Facil-report-20-April-07.pdf (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • Scharpf, F. W. (1999), Governing in Europe: Effective and Democratic?, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Teixeira, P. (2003). The Security Council at the Dwn of the Twenty-First Century: To What Extent is it Willing and able to Maintain International Peace and Security?, United Nations Institute for Disarmament Research, Geneva.
  • Thakur, R. (2004). United Nations Security Council Reform, African Security Review, 13 (3).
  • Tharoor, S. (2003). Why America Still Needs the United Nations, Foreign Affairs, 82 (5).
  • UN Press Release. (1997). Assembly President Proposes Increase in security Council Memebership to 25 by Edding 5 Permanent, 4 non-Permanent Members, GA/9228, https://www.un.org/press/en/1997/19970320.ga9228.html (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2019).
  • van Kesteren, K. (2005). Reforming the Security Council: Views from Practice, Blokker, N. & Schrijver, N. (ed.), The Security Council and the Use of Force: Theory and Reality-A Need for Change?, Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
  • Weiss, T. (2003). The Illusion of UN Security Council Reform, Washington Quartely, 26 (4).
There are 24 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Şeyda Güdek Gölçek 0000-0001-8753-2998

Publication Date October 18, 2019
Submission Date January 13, 2019
Acceptance Date September 27, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Güdek Gölçek, Ş. (2019). Birleşmiş Milletler Güvenlik Konseyi’nin Reform Sorunsalı. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(4), 466-477. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.512311

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