Research Article
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Managing Remote Employees: A Qualitative Research in Logistics Industry

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 514 - 526, 18.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.587701

Abstract









It is one of the important problems
of managers to manage its members who are working outside the physical
boundaries of organization. The focus of this study is on a growing group of
“remote employees” who have been working outside the physical boundaries of the
organization. It is seen that almost all of the studies are conducted in the
information technology sector and especially on employees who are working
home-office structure. However, vehicle drivers working in the logistics sector
have been working on behalf of their companies for years without seeing the
head office. Additionally, studies on long-distance drivers are generally
conducted on risk factors, work stress and drivers' health. Therefore, it is an
important deficiency that those workers who worked in transportation function
of logistics have not been subjected to management and organizational behavior
studies. Current study aims to fulfill this research gap. This study is a
qualitative research that tries to solve one of the managerial problems with an
anti-positivist approach. The unit of analysis of this study are the fleet
managers of large-scale road transport companies in the sector. The data
obtained from the open-ended interviews were subjected to content analysis with
Nvivo 12 program. The findings revealed that the concepts of commitment,
education, happiness, satisfaction and communication are the factors that are
focused on managing
remote employees.

References

  • Arnold, P.K., Hartley, L.R., Corry, A., Hochstadt, D., Penna, F. ve Feyer, A.M. (1997). Hours of work, and perceptions of fatigue among truck drivers, Accid. Anal. and Prev., 29(4): 471-477.
  • Baş, T., Keskin, N. ve Mert, İ.S. (2010). Lider üye etkileşimi (LUE) modeli ve ölçme aracının Türkçede geçerlik ve güvenilirlik analizi. Ege Akademik Bakış, 10(3): 1013-1039.
  • Çalişkan, A. (2017). Lider-üye etkileşimi teorisi. Ö. Turunç ve H. Turut (Der.), Yönetim ve Strateji, 101 Teori ve Yaklaşım, Siyasal, Ankara: 257-259
  • Dansereau. F.. Graen. G. ve Haga, B. A (1975) Vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations: A longitudinal investigation of the role making process. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 13: 46-78.
  • De Croon, E.M., Sluiter, J.K., Broersen, J.P.J., Blonk, R.W.B. ve Frings-Dresen, M.H.W. (2004). Stressful work, psychological job strain, and turnover: A 2-year prospective cohort study of truck drivers, Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3):442–54.
  • Gabel, J.T.A. ve Mansfield, N. (2001). On the increasing presence of remote employees: an analysis of the internet's impact on employment law as it relates to teleworkers, Journal of Law, Technology & Policy, 2001(2): 233-266.
  • Graen, G.B. ve Cashman, J. (1975). A role-making model of leadership in formal organizations: A developmental approach. J.G. Hunt ve L.L. Larson (Der.), Leadership Frontiers, Kent State University Press, Kent, OH: 143-166.
  • Hernes, H. (2005). Should managers walk around or walk away? Perceptions about and expectations toward management in public organizations, International Public Management Journal, 8(1): 83.
  • Hill, E. J., Miller, B. C., Weiner, S. P. ve Colihan, J. (1998). Influences of the virtual office on aspects of work and work/life balance. Personnel Psychology, 51: 667-683.
  • Johnston, A. C., Wech, B., Jack, E. ve Beavers, M. (2010). Reigning in the remote employee: Applying social learning theory to explain information security, Policy Compliance Attitudes, AMCIS 2010 Proceedings. 493.
  • Kocabıyık, O. O. (2016). Olgubilim ve gömülü kuram: Bazı özellikler açısından karşılaştırma. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1): 55-66.
  • Lyon, J. S. (2003). Does distant leadership make a difference? Exploring the effects of leadership and substitutes for leadership on virtual worker performance and satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation), University of Maryland.
  • Maruca, R. F. ve Egan, R. M. (1998). How do you manage an off-site team?. Harvard Business Review, 76(4): 22-30.
  • Michael, J. H., Guo, Z. G., Wiedenbeck, J. K. ve Ray, C. D. (2006). Production supervisor impacts on subordinates' safety outcomes: An investigation of leader-member exchange and safety communication, Journal of Safety Research, (37): 469-477.
  • Min, H. ve Emam, A. (2003). Developing the profiles of truck drivers for their successful recruitment and retention: A data mining approach. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 33(2): 149 – 162.
  • Morrow, P.C., Suzuki, Y., Crum, M.R., Ruben, R. ve Pautasch, G. (2005). The role of leader member exchange in high turnover work environments, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 20(8): 681–94.
  • Myers, M.B., Griffith, D.A., Daugherty, P.J. ve Lusch, R.F. (2004). Maximizing the human capital equation in logistics: Education, experience, and skills, Journal of Business Logistics, 25(1): 211–32.
  • Rhoades, L. ve Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4): 698–714.
  • Robbins, S.P. ve Coulter, M. (2016). Management (13.b.), Pearson, Essex, England.
  • Schriesheim, C.A., Neider, L.L. ve Scandura, T.A. (1998). A within-and between-groups analysis of leader-member exchange as a correlate of delegation and as a moderator of delegation relationships with performance and satisfaction, Academy Of Management Review, 41: 298-318.
  • Sevim, E., Köseoğlu, A.M. ve Acar, A.Z. (2015). Teknoloji tabanlı kontrol sistemlerinin lojistik sektöründe çalışanların iş yeri davranışları üzerindeki etkileri, Journal of Management, Marketing and Logistics, 2(1): 57-68.
  • Staples, D.S., Hulland, J.S. ve Higgins, C.A. (1999). A self-efficacy theory explanation for the management of remote workers in virtual organizations, Organization Science, 10(6): 758-776.
  • Staples, D. S. (2001). A study of remote workers and their differences than non-remote workers, Journal of End User Computing, 13 (2): 3-14.
  • Stock, J.R. (1997). Applying theories from other disciplines to logistics, International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 27(9 ⁄ 10): 515–39.
  • UDHB (2018). İstatistiklerle Ulaştırma Denizcilik ve Haberleşme 2003-2017, Ulaştırma, Denizcilik ve Haberleşme Bakanlığı, Ankara.
  • Verbeke, A., Schulz, R., Greidanus, N. ve Hambley, L. (2008). Growing The Virtual Workplace: The Integrative Value Proposition for Telework, Edward Elgar Publishing.

İşletmelerde Uzaktan Çalışanların Yönetilmesi: Lojistik Sektöründe Nitel Bir Alan Araştırması

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 4, 514 - 526, 18.10.2019
https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.587701

Abstract









Organizasyonların
bir parçası olmakla birlikte onun fiziki sınırları dışında görev alan üyeleri
örgütsel amaçlar çerçevesinde yönetmek yöneticilerin önemli problemlerinden
birisidir. Bu çalışmanın odağını oluşturan söz konusu “dışardaki çalışanlar”
üzerinde çalışma yapılması ihmal edilmiş ancak giderek büyüyen bir çalışan
grubudur. Yapılan literatür araştırmasında mevcut az sayıdaki çalışmanın
neredeyse tamamının IT sektöründe ve özellikle evden çalışanlar üzerine
yapılmış araştırmalar olduğu görülmektedir. Oysaki lojistik sektöründe çalışan
araç şoförleri neredeyse merkez ofisi hiç görmeden yıllarca firmaları adına
çalışmaktadırlar. Öte yandan uzun yol şoförleri üzerine yapılmış çalışmaların
ise genellikle risk faktörleri, iş stresi ve şoförlerin sağlıkları üzerine
yapılmış araştırmalar olduğu görülmektedir. Dolayısıyla lojistiğin taşımacılık
fonksiyonundaki bu çalışanların yönetim ve davranış araştırmalarının konusu
yapılmamış olması önemli bir eksikliktir. Mevcut çalışma bu konudaki açıklığı
gidermek amacını gütmektedir. Bu çalışma yönetsel sorunlardan birisi olan
işletmenin fiziki çerçevesi dışındaki çalışanların yönetilmesi sorununa
anti-pozitivist yaklaşımla çözüm getirmeye çalışan nitel bir araştırmadır.
Bugüne kadar yapılan çalışmaların aksine analiz birimi olarak çalışanlar
(şoförler) değil sektörde yer alan büyük ölçekli kara taşımacılığı firmalarının
filo yöneticileri seçilmiştir. Yapılan serbest görüşmelerden elde edilen
veriler Nvivo 12 programıyla içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Bulgular sonucu
bağlılık, eğitim, mutluluk, tatmin ve iletişim kavramlarının kurum dışı
çalışanların yönetilmesinde odaklanılan unsurlar olduğu ortaya çıkmıştır.

References

  • Arnold, P.K., Hartley, L.R., Corry, A., Hochstadt, D., Penna, F. ve Feyer, A.M. (1997). Hours of work, and perceptions of fatigue among truck drivers, Accid. Anal. and Prev., 29(4): 471-477.
  • Baş, T., Keskin, N. ve Mert, İ.S. (2010). Lider üye etkileşimi (LUE) modeli ve ölçme aracının Türkçede geçerlik ve güvenilirlik analizi. Ege Akademik Bakış, 10(3): 1013-1039.
  • Çalişkan, A. (2017). Lider-üye etkileşimi teorisi. Ö. Turunç ve H. Turut (Der.), Yönetim ve Strateji, 101 Teori ve Yaklaşım, Siyasal, Ankara: 257-259
  • Dansereau. F.. Graen. G. ve Haga, B. A (1975) Vertical dyad linkage approach to leadership within formal organizations: A longitudinal investigation of the role making process. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 13: 46-78.
  • De Croon, E.M., Sluiter, J.K., Broersen, J.P.J., Blonk, R.W.B. ve Frings-Dresen, M.H.W. (2004). Stressful work, psychological job strain, and turnover: A 2-year prospective cohort study of truck drivers, Journal of Applied Psychology, 89(3):442–54.
  • Gabel, J.T.A. ve Mansfield, N. (2001). On the increasing presence of remote employees: an analysis of the internet's impact on employment law as it relates to teleworkers, Journal of Law, Technology & Policy, 2001(2): 233-266.
  • Graen, G.B. ve Cashman, J. (1975). A role-making model of leadership in formal organizations: A developmental approach. J.G. Hunt ve L.L. Larson (Der.), Leadership Frontiers, Kent State University Press, Kent, OH: 143-166.
  • Hernes, H. (2005). Should managers walk around or walk away? Perceptions about and expectations toward management in public organizations, International Public Management Journal, 8(1): 83.
  • Hill, E. J., Miller, B. C., Weiner, S. P. ve Colihan, J. (1998). Influences of the virtual office on aspects of work and work/life balance. Personnel Psychology, 51: 667-683.
  • Johnston, A. C., Wech, B., Jack, E. ve Beavers, M. (2010). Reigning in the remote employee: Applying social learning theory to explain information security, Policy Compliance Attitudes, AMCIS 2010 Proceedings. 493.
  • Kocabıyık, O. O. (2016). Olgubilim ve gömülü kuram: Bazı özellikler açısından karşılaştırma. Trakya Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1): 55-66.
  • Lyon, J. S. (2003). Does distant leadership make a difference? Exploring the effects of leadership and substitutes for leadership on virtual worker performance and satisfaction (Doctoral dissertation), University of Maryland.
  • Maruca, R. F. ve Egan, R. M. (1998). How do you manage an off-site team?. Harvard Business Review, 76(4): 22-30.
  • Michael, J. H., Guo, Z. G., Wiedenbeck, J. K. ve Ray, C. D. (2006). Production supervisor impacts on subordinates' safety outcomes: An investigation of leader-member exchange and safety communication, Journal of Safety Research, (37): 469-477.
  • Min, H. ve Emam, A. (2003). Developing the profiles of truck drivers for their successful recruitment and retention: A data mining approach. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 33(2): 149 – 162.
  • Morrow, P.C., Suzuki, Y., Crum, M.R., Ruben, R. ve Pautasch, G. (2005). The role of leader member exchange in high turnover work environments, Journal of Managerial Psychology, 20(8): 681–94.
  • Myers, M.B., Griffith, D.A., Daugherty, P.J. ve Lusch, R.F. (2004). Maximizing the human capital equation in logistics: Education, experience, and skills, Journal of Business Logistics, 25(1): 211–32.
  • Rhoades, L. ve Eisenberger, R. (2002). Perceived organizational support: A review of the literature, Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4): 698–714.
  • Robbins, S.P. ve Coulter, M. (2016). Management (13.b.), Pearson, Essex, England.
  • Schriesheim, C.A., Neider, L.L. ve Scandura, T.A. (1998). A within-and between-groups analysis of leader-member exchange as a correlate of delegation and as a moderator of delegation relationships with performance and satisfaction, Academy Of Management Review, 41: 298-318.
  • Sevim, E., Köseoğlu, A.M. ve Acar, A.Z. (2015). Teknoloji tabanlı kontrol sistemlerinin lojistik sektöründe çalışanların iş yeri davranışları üzerindeki etkileri, Journal of Management, Marketing and Logistics, 2(1): 57-68.
  • Staples, D.S., Hulland, J.S. ve Higgins, C.A. (1999). A self-efficacy theory explanation for the management of remote workers in virtual organizations, Organization Science, 10(6): 758-776.
  • Staples, D. S. (2001). A study of remote workers and their differences than non-remote workers, Journal of End User Computing, 13 (2): 3-14.
  • Stock, J.R. (1997). Applying theories from other disciplines to logistics, International Journal of Physical Distribution and Logistics Management, 27(9 ⁄ 10): 515–39.
  • UDHB (2018). İstatistiklerle Ulaştırma Denizcilik ve Haberleşme 2003-2017, Ulaştırma, Denizcilik ve Haberleşme Bakanlığı, Ankara.
  • Verbeke, A., Schulz, R., Greidanus, N. ve Hambley, L. (2008). Growing The Virtual Workplace: The Integrative Value Proposition for Telework, Edward Elgar Publishing.
There are 26 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Pınar Acar This is me 0000-0002-4290-6383

Avni Zafer Acar 0000-0003-4538-4944

Publication Date October 18, 2019
Submission Date July 5, 2019
Acceptance Date September 29, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 12 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Acar, P., & Acar, A. Z. (2019). İşletmelerde Uzaktan Çalışanların Yönetilmesi: Lojistik Sektöründe Nitel Bir Alan Araştırması. Ömer Halisdemir Üniversitesi İktisadi Ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 12(4), 514-526. https://doi.org/10.25287/ohuiibf.587701

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