Abstract
Afetler yıkıcı etkileriyle ülkeleri vurarak, can ve mal kayıplarına sebep olmakta ve özellikle kentlerde şehrin alt ve üst yapılarında afetin etkisi ölçüsünde zarar verebilmektedir. Kentlerimizi afetlerin yıkıcı etkisi altından kurtarmanın temel anahtarı risk azaltma uygulamalarıdır. Risk azaltmayı kısaca, afetlerin yıkıcı etkileri meydana gelmeden önce tehlikeleri öngörerek, bu tehlikelerin neden olduğu riskleri yok etmek veya minimum seviyede tutmak amacıyla alınması gereken tedbirler ve uygulamalar şeklinde tanımlayabiliriz.
Çalışma, afet risk azaltma konusunda yerel düzeyde hazırlanan önemli uygulamaların ilki olan, Kahramanmaraş İl Afet Risk Azaltma Planı (İRAP) hazırlık süreci ve sonuçları üzerine hazırlanmıştır. Çalışmada afet risk azaltma planının hazırlanma süreci, paydaş kurumlarla koordinasyon çalışmaları ve diğer ülkelerden yerel afet risk azaltma planları incelenmektedir. Çalışmada, afet risk azaltma kültürünün yerel düzeyde yaygınlaştırılmasının ülkemiz için önemine değinilerek, yerel düzeyde sürdürülebilir kalkınmanın sağlanması için afet risk azaltmanın gerekliliği konusunda yerel yönetim birimlerine tavsiyeler sunulmaktadır.
Supporting Institution
AFAD, Jandarma Sahil Güvenlik Akademisi (JSGA)
References
- AFAD,2021, AFAD Hakkında, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD) https://www.afad.gov.tr/afad-hakkinda
- AFAD, 2014, Açıklamalı Afet Terimleri Sözlüğü, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD)
- Boston Risk Planı, 2014, Boston Afet Risk Azaltma Planı, A Component Plan of Boston’s Comprehensive Emergency Management Program
- Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED),2020, Naturel Disaster , United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
- Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). (2018). Economic losses, poverty, and disasters 1998-2017. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
- Japan News,2021, Japan Eartquake news https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/02/14/national/earthquake-fukushima/
- İRAP,2020, Kahramanmaraş İl Afet Risk Azaltma Planı, İl Afet ve Acil Durum Müdürlüğü
- İRAP Kılavuz,2020, https://irap.afad.gov.tr/tr/42062/IRAP-DOKUMANLARI, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD)
- Michigan Risk Planı,2019, Michigan Afet Risk Azaltma Planı, Reducing Hazard Risks and Vulnerabilities Through Education, Planning, Physical Improvements, Early Warning, And Coordination of Programs And Resources
- Pasadena Risk Planı,2019, Pasadena Yerel Afet Risk Azaltma Planı, City of Pasadena 2019 Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
- PreventionWeb,2021,Disaster risk reduction & disaster risk management https://www.preventionweb.net/disaster-risk/concepts/drr-drm/
- Rodriguez-Oreggia, E., De La Fuente, A., De La Torre, R., & Moreno, H. (2013). Natural disasters, human development and poverty at the municipal level in Mexico. Journal of Development Studies, 49(3), 442455.
- Quarantelli, E. L. (1991). More and worse disasters in the future. Newark, DE: Disaster Research Center, Preliminary Paper #158.
- UNDRR (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction), 2015, Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2015.
- UNDRR, 2016,Poverty & Death: Disaster mortality 1996-2015, United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
- UNDRR,2018, Implementation guide for local disaster risk reduction and resilience strategies, United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
- UDSEP,2013, Ulusal Deprem Stratejisi Eylem Planı-2023,Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD)
Abstract
Disasters, which hit countries with their devastating effects, causing loss of life and property, can damage the infrastructure and superstructure of the city, especially in cities, to the magnitude of the disaster. Scientific researchshows thatthe fundamental key to saving cities from the devastating effects of disasters is risk reduction practices. The disaster risk reduction process defines the measures and methods that eliminate or minimize the risks caused by these hazards by predicting. Risk reduction plans can be prepared at local, regional and national level. In Turkiye, disaster risk reduction planning studies are carried out at the national and local level.The study shows the preparation process of the first Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction Plan (Kahramanmaraş-IRAP), the catastrophe of the province, and the results obtained. The study shows the local level disaster risk reduction planning process prepared with a multi-sectoral approach, also the difficulties encountered. In addition, iscompared countrie examples with the Kahramanmaraş Provincial Planto understand differences and advantages.Finally, is emphasized the importance of disseminating the disaster risk reduction culture, the necessity of disaster risk reduction to achieve sustainable development at the local level, also plan outputs and benefits are presented.
Keywords
References
- AFAD,2021, AFAD Hakkında, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD) https://www.afad.gov.tr/afad-hakkinda
- AFAD, 2014, Açıklamalı Afet Terimleri Sözlüğü, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD)
- Boston Risk Planı, 2014, Boston Afet Risk Azaltma Planı, A Component Plan of Boston’s Comprehensive Emergency Management Program
- Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED),2020, Naturel Disaster , United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
- Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED). (2018). Economic losses, poverty, and disasters 1998-2017. United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
- Japan News,2021, Japan Eartquake news https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2021/02/14/national/earthquake-fukushima/
- İRAP,2020, Kahramanmaraş İl Afet Risk Azaltma Planı, İl Afet ve Acil Durum Müdürlüğü
- İRAP Kılavuz,2020, https://irap.afad.gov.tr/tr/42062/IRAP-DOKUMANLARI, Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD)
- Michigan Risk Planı,2019, Michigan Afet Risk Azaltma Planı, Reducing Hazard Risks and Vulnerabilities Through Education, Planning, Physical Improvements, Early Warning, And Coordination of Programs And Resources
- Pasadena Risk Planı,2019, Pasadena Yerel Afet Risk Azaltma Planı, City of Pasadena 2019 Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan
- PreventionWeb,2021,Disaster risk reduction & disaster risk management https://www.preventionweb.net/disaster-risk/concepts/drr-drm/
- Rodriguez-Oreggia, E., De La Fuente, A., De La Torre, R., & Moreno, H. (2013). Natural disasters, human development and poverty at the municipal level in Mexico. Journal of Development Studies, 49(3), 442455.
- Quarantelli, E. L. (1991). More and worse disasters in the future. Newark, DE: Disaster Research Center, Preliminary Paper #158.
- UNDRR (United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction), 2015, Global Assessment Report on Disaster Risk Reduction 2015.
- UNDRR, 2016,Poverty & Death: Disaster mortality 1996-2015, United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
- UNDRR,2018, Implementation guide for local disaster risk reduction and resilience strategies, United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction.
- UDSEP,2013, Ulusal Deprem Stratejisi Eylem Planı-2023,Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Başkanlığı (AFAD)
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Articles |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | April 30, 2022 |
| Submission Date | May 24, 2021 |
| Acceptance Date | February 4, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 15 Issue: 2 |
Ömer Halisdemir Universitesi Iktisadi ve Idari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi (OHUIIBF) is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Pseudonymity License 4.0 international license.