19. Yüzyıl Aşkenaz Yahudilerinin Monoteist Reformu İçin Bir Model Olarak Hz. Muhammed

Year 2020, , 93 - 122, 30.06.2020

John Tolan Translator: Necmettin Salih Ekiz

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3911811

Abstract

Makalenin İngilizce orijinal versiyonunda özet bulunmamaktadır. Makalenin ilk paragrafı şöyledir: 

21 Ocak 1821’de Heinrich Heine, arkadaşı Moses Moser’a yazdığı bir mektupta hiçbir şairin [Hz.] Muhammed’i gölgede bırakamadığını ifade etmişti: “İtiraf etmem gerekir ki sen (Muhammed), Mekke’nin büyük peygamberi, en büyük şairsin ve senin Kur’an’ın kolay kolay hafızamdan çıkmayacak.” Heine, [Hz.] Muhammed’e hem peygamber hem de şair olarak hayran olan birçok şairden biriydi. Şüphesiz, Goethe için olduğu gibi Heine için de İslâm peygamberi, peygamber ile şair arasındaki çizginin ne kadar ince olduğunu göstermişti. Heine, [Hz.] Muhammed’in başta Yahudiler olmak üzere diğer dinlere gösterdiği hoşgörüye hayran kalmıştı. 19. yüzyılın birçok Yahudi yazarı için [Hz.] Muhammed ve daha genel olarak Orta Çağ İslâm’ı, Hıristiyanlığa karşı bir set vazifesi görmüştü. Wissenschaft des Judentums hareketine katılan Yahudi oryantalistler [Hz.] Muhammed’e ve erken dönem İslâm tarihine özel ilgi göstermişler, sık sık [Hz.] Peygamber’i hakiki Yahudilik ruhuna yakın bir reformcu olarak tasvir etmişlerdir. 

Keywords

Oryantalizm, Yahudilik, İslam, Hz. Muhammed, Müslüman-Yahudi İlişkileri

The Prophet Muhammad: A Model of Monotheistic Reform for 19th-Century Ashkenaz

Abstract

There is no abstract available for the English version of the article. This is its first paragraph: 

On January 21, 1821, Heinrich Heine, in a letter to his friend Moses Moser, proclaimed that no poet had ever surpassed Muhammad: “I must admit that you, great prophet of Mecca, are the greatest poet and that your Quran . . . will not easily escape my memory.”1 Heine was one of many Romantic poets to admire Muhammad as both a prophet and a poet: indeed, for Heine as for Goethe, the prophet of Islam showed how thin the line was between prophet and poet. Heine admired the toleration that Muhammad showed toward those of other religions, in particular to Jews. For a number of nineteenth-century Jewish writers, Muhammad and medieval Islam more generally became something of a foil for Christian Europe: various Jewish scholars, particularly those associated with the Wissenschaft des Judentums movement, took a particular interest in Muhammad and the early history of Islam, often portraying the prophet as a reformer close to the true spirit of Judaism.

Keywords

Orientalism, Judaism, Islam, Prophet Muhammad, Jewish-Muslim Relations

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