Hıristiyanlığın İlk Dönemlerinde Milenyalizm Meselesi

Year 2020, , 1 - 25, 30.06.2020

Büşra Elmas

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3908635

Abstract

Milenyalizm (binyılcılık), eskatolojik bir mesele olarak tamamen teolojik bağlamı ile değerlendirilmişse de, yeryüzünde belirli bir zümrenin kurtuluşuna ilişkin dünyevî bir mesele olduğundan, bu düşünce ortaya çıktığı toplumun durumu ile yakından ilişkilidir. Hıristiyanlığın ilk dönemlerinde, milenyalizm meselesi ile ilgili görüşler dönemin sosyo-politik etkilerinden uzak kalamamıştır. Bu çalışmada, Hıristiyanlığın ilk dönemlerinde binyılcı fikirlerin Kilise dışında görüşler olarak nitelenmediği, aksine, bazı kilise babalarının söz konusu fikirleri büyük ölçüde taşıdığı savunulmaktadır. Ayrıca, binyılcı fikirlere karşı çıkan bazı yazarların aslında doğrudan binyılcılığa değil, bu yaklaşımın uzun vadede Kilise için doktrinel ya da kurumsal anlamda bir tehdit unsuru olabilecek yönlerine eleştiriler getirdikleri iddia edilmektedir. Bu bağlamda, Kilise’nin binyılcılıkla ilgili kanaatini değiştirmesinde etkili olmuş heretik hareketlerden, Hıristiyanlığın emperyal güçle ilişkilerindeki değişimin söz konusu inançlara yansımalarından ve Yahudiliğin içinden çıkan bir din olarak Hıristiyanlığın kendini tanımlaması ile binyılcılığın reddi arasındaki ilişkiden bahsedilmektedir.

Keywords

Dinler Tarihi, Hıristiyanlık, Milenyalizm, Eskatoloji, Binyılcılık

A Study of Millennialism in Early Christianity

Abstract

Although being an eschatological matter and examined usually with its theological context, millennialism is related to the environment and the society in which these thoughts emerge, since it is very related to this world and salvation of a group of people. In early Christianity, millennial matters were not apart from the socio-political conditions of the period. The article argues that in early Christianity, the Church did not expurgate millennial ideas; on the contrary, the writings of some Church Fathers hold it widely. Additionally, this article states that the authors who opposed millennialism were not actually against the teaching itself, but they saw that some aspects of this idea would cause a doctrinal or institutional threat to the Church in the long term. In this context, the article mentions heretical movements, the change in the relationship of Christianity with the imperial power, and the matter of self-definition of Christianity as a religion emerging from Judaism as matters which influenced Church’s opinions about the millennialism.

Keywords

History of Religions, Christianity, Millennialism, Eschatology, Millenarianism

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