Rapa Deniz Salyangozu (Rapana venosa Valenciennes, 1846) Populasyon Özelliklerinin Araştırılması, Çamburnu Koyu (Trabzon)

Year 2022, , 1116 - 1127, 12.12.2022

Burcu Yeşilbudak

https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1034467

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, Doğu Karadeniz kıyısal alandan toplanan deniz salyangozu (Rapana venosa) örneklerinin bazı populasyon özellikleri araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla 2020 yılı içerisinde Çamburnu Koyu (Trabzon) ∼7-13 m derinlikden şnorkel ile Rapa salyangozu örnekleri toplanmıştır. Kabuk boyutu (kabuk boyu ve genişliği) ve operkulum boyutu (ağız boyu ve genişliği) ile toplam vücut ağırlığı gibi morfometrik ölçümler 0,01 cm hassasiyetli kumpas ve 0,01 g dijital terazi ile ölçülmüştür. Gastropodların kas ve hepatopankreas dokularındaki metal düzeyleri [çinko (Zn), bakır (Cu), kadmiyum (Cd) ve kurşun (Pb)], indüktif eşleşmiş plazma atomik emisyon spektroskopisi ile ölçülmüştür (ICP-OES). Örneklenen deniz salyangozu popülasyonunun %48,76'sının dişi, %51,24'ünün erkek bireylerden olduğu gözlenmiştir. Ortalama kabuk boyu-kabuk genişliği, ağız boyu-ağız genişliği ve salyangoz toplam vücut ağırlığı sırayla 35,6-27,2 mm, 26,5-11,7 mm ve 14,6 g olarak belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada deniz salyangozunun toplam kabuk boyu ile toplam vücut ağırlık ilişkisini gösteren bağıntı W=0,034*SL2,63 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Deniz salyangozu kas dokusundaki metaller incelendiğinde en az birikim kurşun ve kadmiyum düzeyinde gözlendi. Diğer yandan hepatopankreas dokusundaki metaller incelendiğinde çinko ve bakır düzeyinde aşırı birikim gözlendi. Ayrıca, dokularda metal birikimi ile salyangozun kabuksuz yaş ağırlığı ve operkulum boyutları arasında pozitif bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Birikim, Metal analizleri, Morfometri, Deniz salyangozu

Investigation of Population Characteristics of Rapa Sea Snail (Rapana venosa Valenciennes, 1846) in Çamburnu Bay (Trabzon)

Abstract

In the present study, some population characteristics of Rapa Sea snail (Rapana venosa) samples collected from coastal zone of the Eastern Black Sea were investigated. For this purpose, Rapa whelk samples were collected by snorkeling from depths of ∼7-13 m in Çamburnu Bay (Trabzon) in the year 2020. Morphometric measurements such as shell size (shell length and width) and operculum size (aperture length and width) as well as total body weight were measured using a caliper with an accuracy of 0,01 cm and a digital balance with an accuracy of 0,01 g, respectively. Metal levels [zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb)] in muscle and hepatopancreas tissues of gastropods were measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). It was observed that 48,76% of the sampled sea snail population was female and 51,24% was male. The mean shell length-shell width, aperture length-aperture width, and snail total body weight were determined as 35,6-27,2 mm, 26,5-11,7 mm and 14,6 g, respectively. In this study, the relation showing the relationship between the total shell length and the total body weight of the sea snail was calculated as W=0,0034*SL2,63. The least accumulation was observed at the level of lead and cadmium, when the metals in the sea snail muscle tissue were examined. On the other hand, when the metals in the hepatopancreas tissue were examined, excessive accumulation was observed at the level of zinc and copper. In addition, a positive correlation was determined between the metal accumulation in the tissues and the wet weight of the unshelled snail and the aperture length, respectively.

Keywords

Accumulation, Metal analyses, Morphometry, Sea snail

References

• Al-Yousuf MH., El-Shahawi MS., Al-Ghais SM. Trace metals in liver, skin and muscle of Lethrinus lentjan fish species in relation to body length and sex. Science of the Total Environment 2000; 256 (2-3): 87-94.
• Avelar WEP., Mantelatto FLM., Tomazelli AC., Silva DML, Shuhama T., Lopes JLC. The marine mussel Perna perna (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Mytilidae) as an indicator of contamination by heavy metals in the Ubatuba bay, Sao Paula, Brazil. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 2000; 118: 65-72.
• Bat L., Öztekin, HC. Heavy metals in Mytilus galloprovincialis, Rapana venosa and Eriphia verrucosa from the Black Sea coasts of Turkey as bioindicators of pollution. Walailak Journal of Science and Technology 2016; 13 (9): 715-728.
• Bonelli AG., Giachetti CB., Jaureguizar AJ., Milessi AC. First report of predation by a small shark on the invasive rapa whelk Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) in Argentinean waters. Bioinvasions Record 2016; 5 (3): 169-172.
• Boyden CR. Trace element content and body size in molluscs. Nature 1974; 251 (5473): 311-314.
• Carranza A., Estrades A., Scarabino F., Segura A. Loggerhead turtles Caretta caretta (Linnaeus) preying on the invading gastropod Rapana venosa (Valenciennes) in the Río de la Plata Estuary. Marine Ecology 2011; 32 (2): 142-14.
• Ciuhcin VD. Ecology of the gastropod molluscs of the Black Sea. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Kiev Naukova Dumka 1984; 175-175.
• Constantin S., Doxaran D., Constantinescu Ș. Estimation of water turbidity and analysis of its spatio-temporal variability in the Danube River plume (Black Sea) using MODIS satellite data. Continental Shelf Research 2015; 112: 14-30.
• Düzgüneş E., Karaçam H., Seyhan K. Deniz salyangozu (Rapana venosa Val. 1946) nun büyüme özellikleri ve yenilebilir et oranlarının belirlenmesi üzerine bir araştırma. (A research on the growth characteristics and edible meat ratio of sea snail (Rapana venosa Val. 1946)). Journal of Fisheries 1988; 5 (19-20): 89-99.
• Düzgüneş E., Feyzioğlu AM. Trabzon Sahil Şeridinde Yaşayan Deniz Salyangozunun Rapana thomasiana (Gross. 1861) Populasyon ve Büyüme Özelliklerinin Araştırılması. (Investigation of Population and Growth Characteristics of the Sea Snail Rapana thomasiana (Gross. 1861) Living in Trabzon Coastline). Journal of Ege University Faculty of Science 1994; 16 B (1): 1579-1592.
• Eastwood S., Couture P. Seasonal variations in condition and liver metal concentrations of yellow perch (Perca flavescens) from a metal-contaminated environment. Aquatic Toxicology 2002; 58 (1-2): 43-56.
• Erik G. Whelk fishing (Rapana venosa Valenciennes, 1846) by using pots in the Middle Black Sea, Juvenile culturing and determining some of their biological characteristics. Sinop Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi, Sinop, Türkiye, 2011.
• Erzini K. An empirical study of variability in length-at age of marine fishes. Journal of Applied Ichthyology 1994; 10: 17-41.
• EU. Directive 2001/22/EC, Commission Regulation as regards heavy metals. Official journal of the European Communities No: 466, 2001.
• FAO. The Food and Agriculture Organization. Overview of food fraud in the fisheries sector by Alan Reily. In: Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular, No.1165. Rome, 2018.
• Göksu MZL., Akar M., Çevik F., Findik Ö. Bioaccumulation of some heavy metals (Cd, Fe, Zn, Cu) in two bivalvia species (Pinctada radiata Leach, 1814 and Brachidontes pharaonis Fischer, 1870). Turkish Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences 2015; 29 (1): 89-93.
• Harding JM., Mann R. Observations on the biology of the veneid rapa whelk, Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) in the Chesapeake Bay. Journal of Shellfish Research 1999; 18: 9-17.
• Harding JM. Predation by blue crabs, Callinectes sapidus, on rapa whelks, Rapana venosa: possible natural controls for an invasive species? Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 2003; 297: 161-177.
• Harding JM., Kingsley-Smith P., Savini D., Mann R. Comparison of predation signatures left by Atlantic oyster drills (Urosalpinx cinerea Say, Muricidae) and veined rapa whelks (Rapana venosa Valenciennes, Muricidae) in bivalve prey. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 2007; 352: 1-11.
• Harding JM., Mann R., Kilduff CW. Influence of environmental factors and female size on reproductive output in an invasive temperate marine gastropod Rapana venosa (Muricidae). Marine Biology 2008; 155: 571-581.
• Innal D., Özdemir F., Doğangil B. Length-Weight relationships of Oxynoemacheilus theophilii (Teleostei: Nemacheilidae) from Turkey. International Journal of Aquaculture and Fishery Sciences 2015; 2: 249-250.
• Karayücel S. Biology of the sea snail (Rapana venosa Valenciennes, 1864) the time of the spawn and calculation of the productivity of spawn in Sinop area. Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Yüksek Lisans Tezi, sayfa no: 50, Samsun, Türkiye, 1992.
• Kos’yan AR. Comparative analysis of Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) from different biotopes of the Black Sea based on its morphological characteristics. Oceanology 2013; 53 (1): 47-53.
• Micu S., Comanescu G., Kelemen B. The imposex status in Rapana venosa population from Agigea littoral. Analele Stiintifice ale Universitatii., AL.I. Cuza Iaşi, s. Biologie animal 2009; 55:133-137.
• Mol S., Çakalp Z., Çırpıcı E. Su Ürünlerinde İz Element Birikimi ve İnsan Sağlığına Etkileri. (Trace Element Accumulation in Fisheries and Effects on Human Health). Harvest Food Journal 2005; 244-244.
• Molluscabase Eds. 2021. MolluscaBase, Accessed at http://www.molluscabase.org on 2021-07-18.
• Pastorino G., Penchaszadeh PE., Schejter L., Bremec C. Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) (Mollusca: Muricidae): a new gastropod in south Atlantic waters. Journal of Shellfish Research 2000; 19: 897-899.
• Pauly D. Fish population dynamics in tropical waters: a manual for use with programmable calculators. Vol. 8. WorldFish; 1984.
• Prodanov K., Konsulova T., Tadorova V. Growth rate of Rapana thomasiana (Gastrapoda) along Bulgarian Black Sea coast. XXXIV Congress of CIESM, 1995, Malta.
• Ricker WE. Computation and interpretation of biological statistics of fish populations. Bulletin of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 1975; 191: 203-233.
• Sağlam EH. Bio-ecology of the whelk Rapana thomasiana Crosse, 1861 in the Eastern Black Sea Region. Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Doktora Tezi, sayfa no:90, Trabzon, Türkiye, 2003.
• Salánki J., Farkas A., Kamardina T., Rózsa KS. Molluscs in biological monitoring of water quality. Toxicology Letters 2003; 140: 403-410.
• Savini D. Harding JM., Mann RL. Rapa whelk Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) predation rates on hard clams Mercenaria mercenaria (Linnaeus, 1758). Journal of Shellfish Research 2002; 21: 777-779.
• Savini D., Occhipinti Ambrogi A. Consumption rates and prey preference of the invasive gastropod Rapana venosa in the northern Adriatic Sea. Helgoland Marine Research 2006; 60: 153-159.
• Scarabino F., Menafra R., Etchegaray P. Presence of Rapana venosa (Valenciennes, 1846) (Gastropoda: Muricidae) in the Río de la Plata. Boletín de la Sociedad Zoológica del Uruguay (Actas de las V Jornadas de Zoología del Uruguay) 1999; 11: 40.
• Seyhan K., Mazlum ER., Emiral H., Engin S., Demirhan S. Diel feeding periodicity, gastric emptying, and estimated Daily food consumption of whelk (Rapana venosa) in the south eastern Black Sea (Turkey) marine ecosystem. Indian Journal of Marine Sciences 2003; 32: 249-251.
• Sokal RR., Rohlf FJ. Biometry: The principles and practice of statistics in biological research, 3th ed. New York: WH Freeman and Co; 1995.
• Su GLS., Ramos GB., Barcelon ECB., Federo RMC., Lilibeth M., Su LS., Beltran-Benjamin K. Lead bioaccumulation and the imposex effect of Volema (Pugilina) cochlidium in Bacoor Bay, Philippines. Journal of Fisheries Sciences 2015; 9 (3): 001-004.
• TUİK, Fishery statistics. Ankara: Turkish Statistical Institute, Accessed on 2021-11-08.
• Wagner A., Boman J. Biomonitoring of trace elements in Vietnamese freshwater mussels. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 2004; 59 (8): 1125-1132.
• Wu Y. Distribution and shell height-weight relation of Rapana venosa Valenciennes in the Laizhou Bay. Marine Science (Haiyang Kexue) 1988; 6: 39-40.
• Yılmaz AB. Levels of heavy metals (Fe, Cu, Ni, Cr, Pb, and Zn) in tissue of Mugil cephalus and Trachurus mediterraneus from İskenderun Bay, Turkey. Environmental research 2003; 92 (3): 277-281.
• Yücel Ş., Baki B., Dilek K. A study on the biometrics of rapa whelk (Rapana venosa Valenciennes, 1846). Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences 2013; 3 (1): 31-37.
• Zhou JL., Salvador SM., Liu YP., Sequeira M. Heavy metals in the tissues of common dolphins (Delphinus delphis) stranded on the Portuguese coast. Science of the Total Environment 2001; 273 (1-3): 61-76.