Evaluation of the Usage of Absorption Refrigeration Cycles in Desalination Systems and Design of a New System

Abstract

Today, where global warming is felt much more, drought is one of the most critical problems. Changes in climate, decrease in precipitation, high urbanization, increase in water demand due to population growth, and decrease in forest and green areas cause severe drought. It is known that most of the water on Earth is seawater, and the rest is water that humans can utilize. Therefore, one essential issue that needs to be addressed and developed to reduce the effects of drought is the distillation systems used to convert salt water into clean water. This study firstly examines the usage of absorption refrigeration cycles (AC) in desalination systems and their effect on performance criteria, such as the amount of clean water obtained in these systems and the gained output ratio, considering the studies in the literature. As a result of the study, it has been seen that it can achieve higher performance with the use of AC in desalination systems, where resources such as waste heat and solar energy are evaluated, compared to traditional solar desalination systems. As a result of these evaluations, a new desalination system using AS was designed and presented in the study.

Keywords

• Desalination
• Renewable energy
• Waste heat
• Absorption cooling

Damıtma Sistemlerinde Absorbsiyonlu Soğutma Çevrimlerinin Kullanımının Değerlendirilmesi ve Yeni Bir Sistem Tasarımı

Abstract

Küresel ısınmanın etkilerinin çok daha fazla hissedildiği günümüzde, kuraklık en önemli problemlerden biridir. İklimdeki değişkenlikler, yağış miktarındaki azalma, şehirleşmenin fazla olması, nüfus artışına bağlı olarak su talebinin artması, ormanlık ve yeşil alanların azalması, kuraklığın şiddetli olarak görülmesine neden olmaktadır. Dünya üzerindeki suyun çok büyük bir kısmının deniz suyu, geri kalan kısmının ise insanlar tarafından değerlendirilebilecek su olduğu bilinmektedir. Kuraklığın etkilerinin azaltılmasına yönelik ele alınması ve geliştirilmesi gereken önemli konulardan biri, tuzlu suyun temiz suya dönüştürülmesinde kullanılan damıtma sistemleridir. Bu çalışmada öncelikle damıtma sistemlerinde absorbsiyonlu soğutma çevrimlerinin (AS) kullanımı ve damıtma sistemlerinde elde edilecek temiz su miktarı ve kazanç çıkış oranı gibi performans kriterlerine etkisi literatürde yer alan çalışmalar dikkate alınarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, atık ısı ve güneş enerjisi gibi kaynakların değerlendirildiği AS’nin damıtma sistemlerinde kullanımı ile geleneksel güneş enerjili damıtma sistemlerine göre daha yüksek performans elde edilebileceği görülmüştür. Bu değerlendirmeler sonucunda AS’nin kullanıldığı yeni bir damıtma sistemi tasarımı yapılarak çalışmada sunulmuştur.

Keywords

• Yenilenebilir enerji
• Atık ısı
• Damıtma
• Absorbsiyonlu soğutma

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