Essential Oil Composition, Antioxidant Activity, and Phenolic Content of Melampyrum Arvense L. Var. Arvense L.

Abstract

In this study, the essential oil composition, antioxidant activity, and phenolic content of Melampyrum arvense L. var. arvense L. were investigated.The aerial part of M. arvense was hydrodistilled, and a light yellowish oil yield of 0.9% (v/w) was obtained. Essential oil composition analysed with GC-MS. Methanolic extracts were prepared from whole parts of M. arvense var. arvense to determine the antioxidant activity and phenolic content was detected with LC-MS/MS. According to GC/MS analysis, 70 compounds were identified in the oil of M. arvense var arvense. The major compounds in M. arvense var. arvense were n-hexadecanoic acid-palmitic (17.73%), phenol, 2,4-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) (15.56%), and octadecanoic acid-stearic acid (9.96%). Total phenolic and flavonoid content, DPPH•, and ABTS•+ scavenging activities were 33.5±2.6 mg GAE/g dw, 76.5±1.1 mg QE/g dw, 21.5±2.7 mg Trolox/g dw, and 30.7±0.45 mg Trolox/g dw, respectively. The most prevalent phenolic compound was 4-OH-benzoic acid. As a result of this study, high levels of fatty acids were detected in M. arvense var. arvense essential oil, which has not been reported in the previous literature.

Keywords

• M. arvense var. arvense
• essential oil
• GC-MS
• LC-MS/MS
• phenolic
• antioxidant

Melampyrum arvense L. var. arvense L.'nin Uçucu Yağ Bileşimi, Antioksidan Aktivitesi ve Fenolik İçeriği

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Melampyrum arvense L. var. arvense L.'nin uçucu yağ bileşimi, antioksidan aktivitesi ve fenolik içeriği araştırılmıştır. M. arvense'nin toprak üstü kısmı hidrodistile edilmiş ve %0,9 (v/w) açık sarımsı yağ verimi elde edilmiştir. Uçucu yağ bileşimi GC-MS ile analiz edilmiştir. Antioksidan aktiviteyi belirlemek için M. arvense var. arvense'nin tüm kısımlarından metanolik ekstraktlar hazırlanıp ve fenolik içerik LC-MS/MS ile tespit edilmiştir. GC/MS analizine göre, M. arvense var. arvense yağında 70 bileşik tanımlanmıştır. M. Arvense var. arvense'deki başlıca bileşikler n-hekzadekanoik asit-palmitik (%17,73), fenol, 2,4-bis (1,1-dimetiletil) (%15,56) ve oktadekanoik asit-stearik asit (%9,96) idi. Toplam fenolik ve flavonoid içeriği, DPPH- ve ABTS-+ süpürme aktiviteleri sırasıyla 33.5±2.6 mg GAE/g dw, 76.5±1.1 mg QE/g dw, 21.5±2.7 mg Trolox/g dw ve 30.7±0.45 mg Trolox/g dw olarak tespit edilmiştir. En yaygın fenolik bileşik 4-OH-benzoik asit olmuştur. Bu çalışma sonucunda, M. arvense var. arvense uçucu yağında daha önceki literatürde rapor edilmemiş olan yüksek seviyelerde yağ asitleri tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• M. arvense var. arvense
• LC-MS/MS
• Uçucu yağ
• GS-MS
• Fenolik
• Antioksidan

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