Bitkilerde Düşük Sıcaklık Stresi ve Soğuğa Uyum

Öz

Düşük sıcaklıklar tüm dünyada bitki türlerinin coğrafi dağılımını ve ekonomik bitkilerin verimini büyük ölçüde azaltmaktadır. Bazı bitkiler düşük sıcaklığa duyarlıdır ve soğuk stresi koşullarında dehidrasyona uğrayabilir. Ayrıca soğuk stresi duyarlı bitkilerde oksidatif strese, yüksek protoplazmik viskositeye ve katabolizmaya ve fotosentez hızının azalmasına neden olur. Bazı bitkiler de düşük sıcaklığa toleranslıdır ve eğer uygun bir süre düşük fakat dondurucu olmayan sıcaklıklara maruz bırakılırsa soğuğa uyum sağlayabilirler. Soğuğa uyum boyunca antioksidant enzimlerin aktivasyonu, çözünür şeker, absisik asit ve prolin birikimi, büyümenin durması, rozet gövde oluşumu, membran kompozisyonunda değişimler ve su kaybı gibi metabolik değişimler gözlenir. Bu derlemede soğuğa toleranslı bitkilerde soğuk uyumu boyunca meydana gelen morfolojik, fizyolojik ve biyokimyasal değişimler tartışılmıştır. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Soğuk uyumu,soğuk toleransı,donma toleransı,düşük sıcaklık duyarlılığı

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