Grafen Oksit Katkılı Sentetik ve Doğal Polimer Tabanlı İlaç Taşıma Sistemlerinin Üretilmesi ve Karakterizasyonu

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 519 - 532, 12.03.2025

Fatma Nur Duvarcı , Mehmet Can Çelik , Muhammet Can Yüce , Şükran Melda Eskitoros Toğay

https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1527977

Abstract

Son yıllarda, kanser için kullanılan ilaçların yarattığı yan etkileri ortadan kaldıracak ve terapötik etkiyi arttıracak yeni ilaç taşıma sistemlerinin geliştirilmesine yönelik çalışmalar hız kazanmıştır. Grafenin en iyi bilinen türevi olan grafen oksit (GO) katkılı polimerik nanokompozit filmlerin kimyasal ve mekanik olarak kararlı olması, iyi biyouyumluluk göstermesi ve yüksek antimikrobiyal potansiyel sunması ile ilaç taşıma sistemlerinde sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Doğal olarak yarı kristalin katyonik bir polisakkarit olan kitosan (CTS), doku mühendisliği ve ilaç taşıma sistemlerinde de yaygın uygulama alanı bulmuştur. Diğer yandan, biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen ve biyouyumlu yarı kristal doğrusal alifatik bir polyester olan polikaprolakton (PCL)’ nun ise biyolojik olarak parçalanabilen ambalajlama, ilaç taşıma ve doku mühendisliği gibi alanlarda potansiyel uygulamaları mevcuttur. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle grafitten grafen oksit modifiye Hummer yöntemi ile sentezlenmiştir. Daha sonra, CTS ve PCL polimerlerine sentezlenen GO eklenerek çözelti döküm yöntemi ile biyomalzemeler üretilmiştir. İlaç taşıma sistemi olarak değerlendirilecek olan bu biyomalzemelerin morfolojik ve fizikokimyasal özellikleri atomik kuvvet mikroskobu (AFM), X ışını difraktometresi (XRD), Fourier transform kızılötesi spektroskopisi (FTIR) ve temas açısı analizleri ile karakterize edilmiştir. FTIR analiz sonuçlarında, saf polimerlerin ve GO’ nun spesifik pikleri gözlenmiştir. AFM analizi ile yüzey pürüzlülükleri incelendiğinde saf PCL ve saf CTS filmlerine GO eklenmesiyle yüzey pürüzlülüklerinde artış gözlenmiştir. Sentetik ve doğal polimerlerden üretilen ilaç taşıma sistemlerinin yüzey pürüzlülüğündeki artış karşılaştırıldığında PCL’ ye GO katılması ile yüzey pürüzlülüğü daha artmıştır. Temas açı sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında ise GO’ nun katılması ile PCL ve CTS polimer filmlerin temas açı değerinde düşme gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, doğal ve sentetik polimerlere GO katılması ile elde edilen biyomalzemelerin ilaç taşıma sistemi olarak saf polimerlerden üretilen malzemelere göre daha avantajlı olacağı görülmüştür.

Keywords

Grafen oksit, Polikaprolakton, Kitosan, Film, İlaç Salım sistemi

Project Number

1919B012300046

Thanks

Bu çalışma, TÜBİTAK 2209-A Üniversite Öğrencileri Araştırma Projeleri Destekleme Programı tarafından 1919B012300046 numaralı proje kapsamında desteklenmiştir.

Fabrication and Characterization of Graphene Oxide Doped Synthetic and Natural Polymer Based Drug Delivery Systems

Abstract

In recent years, studies on the development of new drug delivery systems that will eliminate the side effects caused by drugs used for cancer and increase the therapeutic effect have accelerated. Graphene oxide (GO) doped polymeric nanocomposite films, the best-known derivative of graphene, are frequently used in drug delivery systems due to their chemical and mechanical stability, good biocompatibility and high antimicrobial potential. Chitosan (CTS), a naturally semi-crystalline cationic polysaccharide, has also found widespread application in tissue engineering and drug delivery systems. On the other hand, polycaprolactone (PCL), a biodegradable and biocompatible semi-crystalline linear aliphatic polyester, has potential applications in biodegradable packaging, drug delivery and tissue engineering. In this study, graphene oxide was first synthesized from graphite by modified Hummer method. Then, biomaterials were produced by solution casting method by adding synthesized GO to CTS and PCL polymers. The morphological and physicochemical properties of these biomaterials, which will be evaluated as drug delivery systems, were characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and contact angle analysis. In the FTIR analysis results, specific peaks of pure polymers and GO were observed. When surface roughness was analyzed by AFM analysis, an increase in surface roughness was observed with the addition of GO to pure PCL and pure CTS films. When the increase in surface roughness of drug delivery systems produced from synthetic and natural polymers was compared, the surface roughness increased more with the addition of GO to PCL. When the contact angle results were compared, a decrease in the contact angle value of PCL and CTS polymer films was observed with the addition of GO. As a result, it was observed that biomaterials obtained by adding GO to natural and synthetic polymers will be more advantageous as a drug delivery system than materials produced from pure polymers.

Keywords

Graphene oxide, Polycaprolactone, Chitosan, Film, Drug delivery system

Project Number

1919B012300046

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