Enzymatic Synthesis and Functionalization of 2-Aminofluorene-Based Compounds with Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes (MWCNT) for Enhanced Performance in Organic Solar Cells

Year 2025, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 856 - 867, 12.03.2025

Betül Canımkurbey , Recep Taş , Melek Gül

https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1588770

Abstract

This research focuses on the synthesis and characterization of 2-Aminofluorene (PAF)-based compounds for their potential application in organic solar cells (OSCs). We present a novel enzymatic approach to the synthesis of PAF, which incorporates multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) at varying concentrations to modify and enhance the structural, electrical, chemical, and optical properties of the PAF matrix. The resultant modified compounds were subsequently incorporated into the active layer of OSC devices. Comprehensive characterization techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-Vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry (CV), and thermal analysis, were employed to evaluate the effects of MWCNT incorporation. Notably, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis revealed that PAF3 exhibited the highest melting point (Tm) at 155.60 °C, while PAF1 demonstrated the highest glass transition temperature (Tg) at 26.14 °C, indicating favorable thermal stability and processing characteristics for these materials. Additionally, the energy gap (Egap) was found to be lowest for PAF3 at 5.51 eV, compared to PAF1, which exhibited an Egap of 7.65 eV, suggesting improved charge transport properties for PAF3. The results demonstrated significant enhancements in the photovoltaic performance parameters of the OSCs, underscoring the beneficial role of MWCNTs in optimizing the properties of PAF-based materials for solar energy applications.

Keywords

2-Aminofluorene, Organic Solar Cells, Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, Enzymatic Synthesis, Cyclic Voltammetry

Enzimatik Sentez Metodu Kullanılarak MWCNT ile Fonksiyonelleştirilen 2-Aminofluoren Tabanlı Malzemeler ve Organik Güneş Hücrelerine Uygulamaları

Abstract

Bu araştırma, organik güneş hücrelerinde (OSC'ler) potansiyel uygulamaları için 2-aminofluoren (PAF) bazlı bileşiklerin sentezi ve karakterizasyonuna odaklanmaktadır. PAF matrisinin yapısal, elektriksel, kimyasal ve optik özelliklerini değiştirmek ve geliştirmek için çeşitli konsantrasyonlarda çok duvarlı karbon nanotüpleri (MWCNT) içeren PAF sentezine yönelik yeni bir enzimatik yaklaşım önermektedir. Elde edilen modifiye bileşikler daha sonra OSC cihazlarının aktif katmanına dahil edildi. Taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), UV-Vis spektroskopisi, döngüsel voltametri (CV) ve termal analiz dahil olmak üzere kapsamlı karakterizasyon teknikleri, MWCNT dahil edilmesinin etkilerini değerlendirmek için kullanılmıştır. Özellikle, diferansiyel taramalı kalorimetri (DSC) analizi, PAF3'ün 155,60 °C'de en yüksek erime noktasını (Tm) gösterirken, PAF1'in 26,14 °C'de en yüksek cam geçiş sıcaklığını (Tg) gösterdiğini ortaya koymuş ve bu da bu malzemeler için olumlu termal kararlılık ve işleme özelliklerini göstermiştir. Ek olarak, enerji boşluğunun (Egap) PAF3 için 5,51 eV'de en düşük olduğu bulunmuştur; PAF1'in Egap'ı 7,65 eV idi ve bu da PAF3 için iyileştirilmiş yük taşıma özelliklerini önerilmiştir. Sonuçlar, OSC'lerin fotovoltaik performans parametrelerinde önemli iyileştirmeler göstererek, MWCNT'lerin güneş enerjisi uygulamaları için PAF bazlı malzemelerin özelliklerini optimize etmedeki yararlı rolünü vurgulamıştır.

Keywords

2-Aminofloren, Organic Güneş Hücreleri, Çok Duvarlı Karbon Nanotüpler, Enzimatik Sentez, Döngüsel Voltammetri

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