Türkiye'nin Samsun ilindeki sığınmacı hanehaklarının gıda harcamalarını etkileyen faktörler

Yıl 2022, , 151 - 168, 14.02.2022

Abdulrazak Ghazal , Mehmet Bozoğlu

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.948692

Öz

Gıda kategorilerine ilişkin hane halkı harcamaları kültürel, sosyo-demografik ve ekonomik faktörlerden etkilenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, sığınmacı hane halklarının sebze, meyve, süt ürünleri, et ürünleri ve tahıllar kategorilerine ait toplam gıda harcamalarını etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesidir. Araştırmanın birincil verileri, Samsun İlinde ikamet eden 252 Suriyeli ve Iraklı sığınmacı hane halkı ile Ekim 2019-Mart 2020 döneminde yapılan anketlerden elde edilmiştir. Sığınmacı hanelerin gıda harcama kategorilerinin belirleyicilerini tahmin etmek için çoklu doğrusal regresyon analizinden yararlanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, sığınmacı hane halklarının haftalık ortalama gıda harcaması 311 TL olup, bu hanehalkı gelirinin %38'ina tekabül ettiğini göstermektedir. Gıda harcamalarında en yüksek payı sırasıyla et, sebze, meyve, süt ürünleri ve tahıllar almaktadır. Model sonuçlarına göre sığınmacı hanehalklarının gıda harcamalarını; sosyo-demografik değişkenlerden hane halkı büyüklüğü ve Samsun İlinde ikamet süresi, ekonomik değişkenlerden gelir düzeyi ile davranışsal değişkenlerden sezon dışı satın alma ve israf edilen gıda miktar değişkenlerinin istatistiki olarak önemli etkileri söz konusudur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sığınmacı hane halkı, Gıda harcaması, Belirleyiciler, Çoklu Doğrusal Regresyon, Türkiye

Determinants of the food expenditure of the refugee households in Samsun province of Turkey

Öz

Household expenditure on food categories is affected by cultural, socio-demographic, and economic factors. The aim of this study was to examine the determinants influencing the refugee households’ total food expenditure for vegetables, fruit, dairy products, meat products, and cereals. The primary data were gathered from the surveys conducted with 252 Syrian and Iraqi refugee households residing in Samsun province in the period of October 2019 - March 2020. Multiple linear regression analysis was carried out to estimate the determinants for food expenditure of the refugee households. The results indicated that the weekly food expenditure of refugee households was 311 TL which represents 38% of the household income. The food expenditure was dominated by meat, vegetables, fruit, dairy products, and cereals, respectively. The model results revealed that socio-demographic variables as household size, length of stay in Samsun province, economic variables as a level of income, and behavioral variables as purchasing out of season and the wasted amount had significant effects on the food expenditure of refugee households.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Refugee household, Food expenditure, Determinants, Multiple Linear Regression, Samsun, Turkey

Kaynakça

• Abdel‐Ghany, M., Gehlken, A., Silver, J. L., 2002. Estimation of income elasticities from Lorenz concentration curves: application to Canadian micro‐data. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 26(4): 278-285.‏ doi:10.1046/j.1470-6431.2002.00254. x.
• Akbay, C., Boz, I., Chern, W. S., 2007. Household food consumption in Turkey. European Review of Agricultural Economics, 34 (2): 209-231.‏ doi:10.1093/erae/jbm011.
• Aljaroudi, R. 2018. Exploring the Food Choices of Muslim Arab Immigrants in Canada.‏ PhD Thesis. University of Waterloo, Health Studies and Gerontology, p.180, Ontario.
• Anonymous 2019. World Migration Report. (Accessed 01.01.2020). https://www.iom.int/
• Antelo, M., Magdalena, P., Reboredo, J. C., 2017. Economic crisis and the unemployment effect on household food expenditure: The case of Spain. Food Policy, 69: 11-24.‏ doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2017.03.003
• Baker, H. A., Wardle, J., 2003. Sex differences in fruit and vegetable intake in older adults. Appetite, 9(3): 269-275. doi:10.1016/S0195-6663(03)00014-X
• Ball, K., Crawford, D., Mishra, G., 2006. Socio-economic inequalities in women’s fruit and vegetable intakes: a multilevel study of individual, social and environmental mediators. Public Health Nutrition, 9(5): 623-630. doi:10.1079/PHN2005897
• Balasubramaniyam, N., 2015. Heterogeneity of food consumption pattern across different ethnic groups in Ontario, Canada, Master Thesis, The University of Guelph, p.139, Ontario.
• Bilgic, A., Yen, S. T., 2013. Household food demand in Turkey: A two-step demand system approach. Food Policy, 43: 267-277.‏ doi: 10.1016/j.foodpol.2013.09.004
• Cleveland, M., Chang, W., 2009. Migration and materialism: The roles of ethnic identity, religiosity, and generation. Journal of Business Research, 62(10): 963-971.‏ doi: 10.1016/j.jbusres.2008.05.022
• Cox, D. N., Anderson, A. S., Lean, M. E., Mela, D. J., 1998. UK consumer attitudes, beliefs and barriers to increasing fruit and vegetable consumption. Public Health Nutrition, 1(1): 61-68.‏ doi:10.1079/PHN19980009.
• Deaton, A., Paxson, C., 1998. Economies of scale, household size, and the demand for food. Journal of Political Economy, 106(5): 897-930.‏ doi:10.1086/250035.
• Dibsdall, L. A., Lambert, N., Bobbin, R. F., Frewer, L. J., 2003. Low-income consumers' attitudes and behavior towards access, availability and motivation to eat fruit and vegetables. Public health nutrition, 6(2): 159-168.‏ doi:10.1079/PHN2002412.
• Dustmann, C., Fasani, F., Speciale, B., 2017. Illegal migration and consumption behavior of immigrant households. Journal of the European Economic Association, 15(3): 654-691.‏ doi:10.1093/jeea/jvw017.
• Jacobson, D., Mavrikiou, P. M., Minas, C., 2010. Household size, income and expenditure on food: The case of Cyprus. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 39(2): 319-328.‏ doi: 10.1016/j.socec.2009.12.009.
• Kirkpatrick, S., Tarasuk, V., 2003. The relationship between low income and household food expenditure patterns in Canada. Public health nutrition, 6(6): 589-597.‏ doi:10.1079/PHN2003517.
• Khan, M. A., 2007. Consumer Behavior and Advertising Management. New Age International, New Delhi.
• Kotler, P., Armstrong, G., 2012. Principles of Marketing. Pearson Education Inc, 14th Edition, New Jersey. ‏ Kumar, R., 2009. Research methodology: A step-by-step guide for beginners. Sage, 3th Edition, California.
• Mbombo-Dweba, T. P., Mbajiorgu, C. A., Ao–Oguttu, J. W., 2017. Food consumption patterns of sub-Saharan African immigrants residing in Gauteng province, South Africa. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 15(4): 1023-1038.‏ doi:10.15666/aeer/.
• Noel, H., 2009. Basics marketing 01: Consumer behavior. Ava Publishing, Singapore.
• Peter, J. P., Donnelly, J. H., 2007. Marketing management: Knowledge and skills. Irwin McGrow-Hill, International Edition.
• Pilgrim, F. J., 1957. The components of food acceptance and their measurement. The American journal of Clinical Nutrition, 5(2): 171-175.‏ doi:10.1093/ajcn/5.2.171.
• Ramya, N., Ali, S. M., 2016. Factors affecting consumer buying behavior. International journal of applied research, 2(10): 76-80. ‏ Schiffman, L.G., Kanuk, L.L., 2007. Consumer Behavior. Prentice Hall, Pearson Education, 2th Edition, New Jersey.
• Solomon, M., Bamossy, G. Soren Askegaard in Margaret K. Hogg., 2006. Consumer behavior: A European perspective.‏ Prentice Hall, Pearson Education, 3th Edition, New Jersey.
• Tejada, J. J., Punzalan, J. R. B., 2012. On the misuse of Slovin’s formula. The Philippine Statistician, 61(1): 129-136. ‏ Venn, D., Dixon, J., Banwell, C., Strazdins, L., 2018. Social determinants of household food expenditure in Australia: the role of education, income, geography and time. Public Health Nutrition, 21(5): 902-911.‏ doi:10.1017/S1368980017003342.