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ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI

Year 2006, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 105 - 115, 15.02.2006

Abstract

Bu makalede, çiftlik hayvanlarında major genlerin belirlenmesine yönelik metotların detaylı bir şekilde ortaya konması ve tartışılması amaçlanmıştır. Son zamanlarda istatistik ve moleküler genetik alanında gerçekleşen gelişmeler çiftlik hayvanlarının genetik ıslahında, büyük etkili kantitatif karakter lokuslarından yararlanabilme olanağını ortaya koymuştur.
Hayvan populasyonlarında major genlerin ortaya çıkartılması ve bireylerin major lokustaki genotiplerinin belirlenmesi için çok basit (Major Gen İndeksi, Bartlett Testi, Skewness ve Kurtosis Katsayıları gibi) ve çok ayrıntılı istatistiki metotlar (segregasyon analizi) ortaya konmuştur. Bu basit metotlar, etkin olmamalarına karşın hesaplanmaları kolaydır ve bu metotlar major gen varlığının ön belirleyicisi olarak sistematik bir şekilde kullanılabilir. Günümüzde, “Segregasyon Analizi” en iyi major gen belirleme metodu olarak göz önüne alınmaktadır.
Genotiplerin belirlenmesi için moleküler genetik alanında birçok uygulamaya girişilmiştir. Yakın zamanlarda kimi genetik markörler ile Booroola, Callipyge, Çift Kas, RN ve diğer major genler arasında bağlantı ortaya çıkartılmıştır.
Major genler, çiftlik hayvanlarında genetik değerin hızlı bir şekilde ıslahında büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. İstatistiki metotlar major genlerin belirlenmesinde ve genotip tayininde, genetik markör kullanımı gibi moleküler genetik metotlar ise çok daha doğru genotip tayininde kullanılabilir.

References

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  • Bradford, G.E., I. Inounu, L.C., Iniguez, B. Tiessnamurti and D.L. Thomas, 1991. The prolificacy gene of Javanese sheep. Major Genes for Reproduction in Sheep, Ed.: J.M. Elsen, L. Bodin and J. Thimonier, p.67- 73, INRA, Paris.
  • Brascamp, E.W., C.S. Haley, M.A.M. Groenen and L.L.G. Janss, 1995. PiGMaP: gene mapping and its contribution to meat quality parameters. Pig News and Information, 16, 2, 41N-46N.
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  • Fujii, J., K. Otsu, F. Zorzato, S. De Leon, V.K. Khanna, J.E. Veiler, P.J. O'Brien and D.H., McLenan, 1991. Identification of a mutation in porcine ryanodine receptor associated with malignant hyperthermia. Science (Wash. DC), 253:448-451.
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  • Kammerer, C.M., J.W. MacCluer and J.M. Bridges, 1984. An evaluation of three statistics of Structured Exploratory Data Analysis. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 36:187-196.
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ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI

Year 2006, Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 105 - 115, 15.02.2006

Abstract

Bu makalede, çiftlik hayvanlarında major genlerin belirlenmesine yönelik metotların detaylı bir şekilde ortaya konması ve tartışılması amaçlanmıştır. Son zamanlarda istatistik ve moleküler genetik alanında gerçekleşen gelişmeler çiftlik hayvanlarının genetik ıslahında, büyük etkili kantitatif karakter lokuslarından yararlanabilme olanağını ortaya koymuştur. Hayvan populasyonlarında major genlerin ortaya çıkartılması ve bireylerin major lokustaki genotiplerinin belirlenmesi için çok basit (Major Gen İndeksi, Bartlett Testi, Skewness ve Kurtosis Katsayıları gibi) ve çok ayrıntılı istatistiki metotlar (segregasyon analizi) ortaya konmuştur. Bu basit metotlar, etkin olmamalarına karşın hesaplanmaları kolaydır ve bu metotlar major gen varlığının ön belirleyicisi olarak sistematik bir şekilde kullanılabilir. Günümüzde, “Segregasyon Analizi” en iyi major gen belirleme metodu olarak göz önüne alınmaktadır. Genotiplerin belirlenmesi için moleküler genetik alanında birçok uygulamaya girişilmiştir. Yakın zamanlarda kimi genetik markörler ile Booroola, Callipyge, Çift Kas, RN ve diğer major genler arasında bağlantı ortaya çıkartılmıştır. Major genler, çiftlik hayvanlarında genetik değerin hızlı bir şekilde ıslahında büyük bir potansiyele sahiptir. İstatistiki metotlar major genlerin belirlenmesinde ve genotip tayininde, genetik markör kullanımı gibi moleküler genetik metotlar ise çok daha doğru genotip tayininde kullanılabilir

References

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  • Bowman, J.C. and L.R. Shenton, 1975. Omnibus test contours for departures from normality based on and b2. Biometrika, 62:243-250. b1
  • Bradford, G.E., I. Inounu, L.C., Iniguez, B. Tiessnamurti and D.L. Thomas, 1991. The prolificacy gene of Javanese sheep. Major Genes for Reproduction in Sheep, Ed.: J.M. Elsen, L. Bodin and J. Thimonier, p.67- 73, INRA, Paris.
  • Brascamp, E.W., C.S. Haley, M.A.M. Groenen and L.L.G. Janss, 1995. PiGMaP: gene mapping and its contribution to meat quality parameters. Pig News and Information, 16, 2, 41N-46N.
  • Cemal, İ., 1996. Çiftlik Hayvanlarında Major Genler: Bunların Belirlenmesi, Transferi ve Endüstriyel Kullanımı. Y. Lisans Tezi, Yüzüncü Yıl Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Van.
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  • Cheverud, J.M. and E. Routman, 1993. Quantitative trait loci: individual gene effects on quantitative characters (Mini-review). J. Evol. Biol., 6:463-480.
  • Cockett, N.E., S.P. Jackson, R.D. Green, T.L. Shay and M. George, 1993. Identification of genetic markers for and the location of a gene (callipyge) causing muscle hypertrophy in sheep. Texas Tech Univ. Agric. Sci. Tech. Rep. T-5-327, p.4-6.
  • Crawford, A.M., K.G. Dodds and J.C. McEwan, 2000. DNA markers, genetic maps and the identification of QTL: General principles. Breeding for Disease Resistance in Farm Animals, Ed.: R.F.E. Axford, S.C. Bishop, F.W. Nicholas and J.B. Owen, Chapter 1, p.3-25, CAB International, UK.
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  • Davis, G.H., G.W. Montgomery, A.J. Allison, R.W. Kelly and M.R. Bray, 1982. Segregation of a major gene influencing fecundity in progeny of Booroola sheep. N.Z. J. Agric. Res., 25:525-529.
  • Davis, G.H., K.G. Dodds, R. Wheeler and N.P. Jay, 2001. Evidence that an imprinted gene on the X chromosome increases ovulation rate in sheep. Biology of Reproduction. 64:216-221.
  • Echard, G., T.E. Broad, D. Hill and P. Pearce, 1994. Present status of the ovine gene map (Ovis aries); comparison with the bovine map (Bos taurus). Mammalian Genome, 5:324-332.
  • Eide, D.M., T. Ådnİy, G. Klemetsdal, L.L. Nesse and H.J. Larsen, 1991. Selection for immune response in goats: the antibody response to Diphtheria toxoid after 12 years of selection. J. Anim. Sci., 69:3967-3976.
  • Ellegren, H., 1993. Genome Analysis with Microsatellite Markers. Ph.D. Thesis, Swedish Univ.Agric. Sci., Sweden.
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  • Elsen, J.M. and P. Le Roy, 1995. Optimal design for the detection of a major gene segregation in crosses between 2 pure lines. Genet. Selec. Evol., 27:275-285.
  • Elston, R.C. and J. Stewart, 1971. A general model for the genetic analysis of pedigree data. Human Heredity, 21:523-542.
  • Falconer, D.S. and T.F.C. Mackay, 1996. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. 4th edn., Longman Group Ltd, UK.
  • Famula, T.R., 1986. Identifying single genes of large effect in quantitative traits using bet linear unbiased prediction. J. Anim. Sci., 63:68-76.
  • Fernandez, X., E. Tornberg, J. Naveau, A. Talmant and G. Monin, 1992. Bimodal distribution of the muscle glycolytic potential in French and Swedish populations of Hampshire crossbred pigs. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 59: 307–311.
  • Fernando, R.L., C. Stricker and T. Wang, 1998. Detection and use of single genes without DNA assays. J. Dairy Sci., 81(2):64-75.
  • Fries, R., A. Eggen and J.E. Womack, 1993. The bovine genome map. Mammalian Genome, 4:405-428.
  • Fujii, J., K. Otsu, F. Zorzato, S. De Leon, V.K. Khanna, J.E. Veiler, P.J. O'Brien and D.H., McLenan, 1991. Identification of a mutation in porcine ryanodine receptor associated with malignant hyperthermia. Science (Wash. DC), 253:448-451.
  • Hanrahan, J.P. and J.B. Owen, 1985. Variation and repeatability of ovulation rate in Cambridge ewes. In: Proc. Brit. Soc. Anim. Prod., Paper No: 37, 2pp.
  • Hanset, R. and C. Michaux, 1985a. On the genetic determinism of muscular hypertrophy in the Belgian White and Blue cattle breed. I - Experimental data. Génét. Sél. Evol., 17(3):359-368.
  • Hanset, R. and C. Michaux, 1985b. On the genetic determinism of muscular hypertrophy in the Belgian White and Blue cattle breed. I - Population data. Génét. Sél. Evol., 17(3):369-386.
  • Henderson, C.R., 1985. Best linear unbiased prediction of non-additive genetic merit in noninbred populations. J. Anim. Sci., 60:111-123.
  • Hill, W.G. and S. Knott, 1990. Identification of genes with large effect. Advances in Statistical Methods for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, Ed.: Gianola, D. and Hammond, K., Springer-Verlag, p.517-538, Berlin.
  • Hoeschele, I., 1988. Statistical techniques for detection of major genes in animal breeding data. Theor. Appl. Genet., 16:311-319.
  • Janss, L.LG., 1996. Statistical identification of major genes in pigs. Ph. D. Thesis. Wageningen Agricultural University, The Netherlands.
  • Jónmundsson, J.V., S. Adalsteinsson, O.R. Dyrmundsson and S. Thorgeirson, 1991. The possible utilization of the Thoka gene in Icelandic sheep flock. Major Genes for Reproduction in Sheep, Ed.: J.M. Elsen, L. Bodin and J. Thimonier, p.416-422, INRA, Paris.
  • Kammerer, C.M., J.W. MacCluer and J.M. Bridges, 1984. An evaluation of three statistics of Structured Exploratory Data Analysis. Am. J. Hum. Genet., 36:187-196.
  • Karaca, O., 1998. Ekstansif Yetiştirme Koşullarında Yöresel Sentetik Koyun Tipleri ve Sakız Irkı Koyunlarda Döl Verimine İlişkin Kimi Fenotipik ve Genetik Parametre Tahminleri. Adnan Menderes Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Aydın.
  • Karaca, O., İ. Cemal ve O. Atay, 1996. Hayvancılıkta Kimi Major Genlerin Aktarımı ve Kullanımı. Hayvancılık-96 Kongresi, 28-21 Eylül 1996, s.728-732, Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir.
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There are 67 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language TR
Journal Section Tarım Bilimleri (Agricultural Sciences) Eski Sayılar (Back Issues)
Authors

İbrahim Cemal This is me

Orhan Karaca This is me

Publication Date February 15, 2006
Published in Issue Year 2006 Volume: 21 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Cemal, İ., & Karaca, O. (2006). ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(1), 105-115. https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2006.21.1.105-115
AMA Cemal İ, Karaca O. ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI. ANAJAS. February 2006;21(1):105-115. doi:10.7161/anajas.2006.21.1.105-115
Chicago Cemal, İbrahim, and Orhan Karaca. “ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 21, no. 1 (February 2006): 105-15. https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2006.21.1.105-115.
EndNote Cemal İ, Karaca O (February 1, 2006) ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 21 1 105–115.
IEEE İ. Cemal and O. Karaca, “ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI”, ANAJAS, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 105–115, 2006, doi: 10.7161/anajas.2006.21.1.105-115.
ISNAD Cemal, İbrahim - Karaca, Orhan. “ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 21/1 (February 2006), 105-115. https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2006.21.1.105-115.
JAMA Cemal İ, Karaca O. ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI. ANAJAS. 2006;21:105–115.
MLA Cemal, İbrahim and Orhan Karaca. “ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 21, no. 1, 2006, pp. 105-1, doi:10.7161/anajas.2006.21.1.105-115.
Vancouver Cemal İ, Karaca O. ÇİFTLİK HAYVANLARINDA MAJOR GENLERİN BELİRLENMESİ VE GENOTİP AYRIMI. ANAJAS. 2006;21(1):105-1.
Online ISSN: 1308-8769