DETERMINATION OF RESISTANCE RATIOS OF THE COTTON BOLLWORM (Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)) AGAINST INSECTICIDES IN ADANA

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 29 Sayı: 2, 106 - 112, 18.04.2014

Metin Konuş , Sakine Uğurlu Karaağaç

https://doi.org/10.7161/anajas.2014.29.2.106-112

Cited By: 2

Öz

Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is the major pest of cotton. Adana is one of the important cities of Turkey for cotton production. H. armigera causes important cotton production losses by damaging its generative organs, and chemical insecticides have been commonly used to reduce these losses. Intensive amount of profenofos, pyridalyl, spinosad, thiodicarb and zeta-cypermethrin have been applied to cotton farming areas for controlling H. armigera in Turkey. Resistance development of H. armigera to applied insecticides has been observed as a result of excess amount of insecticide applications in cotton growing areas. The aim of this study is to determine the resistance ratios of Adana field population of H. armigera to five different types of insecticides, with different mechanism of action, registered on cotton in Turkey, in 2008. Third instar larvae of H. armigera samples were used in the experiments. In the present study, it was determined that resistance ratios for 5 different insecticides; 1.33 fold (profenofos), 4.8 fold (pyridalyl), 3.8 fold (spinosad), 5 fold (thiodicarb) and 21 fold (zeta-cypermethrin) by using topical application bioassay method. H. armigera Adana field population showed the highest resistance level to zeta-cypermethrin (moderate resistance level) among the insecticides tested. In addition, while H. armigera showed low level of resistance to pyridalyl, spinosad and thiodicarb, it did not develop resistance to prefenofos.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adana, Helicoverpa armigera, insecticide, resistance

ADANA’DA PAMUKTA YEŞİLKURT (Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner)) ’UN İNSEKTİSİTLERE KARŞI DAYANIKLILIK ORANLARININ BELİRLENMESİ

Öz

Yeşilkurt, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) pamuğun ana zararlılarındandır. Adana ili ise Türkiye’nin pamuk tarımı bakımından en önemli illerinden birisidir. H. armigera pamuğun generatif organlarına zarar vererek pamuk üretiminde önemli ürün kayıplarına neden olduğundan, bu kayıpları azaltmak için kimyasal insektisitler yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ülkemizde H. armigera mücadelesinde pamuk üretim alanlarında prefenofos, pyridalyl, spinosad, thiodicarb ve zeta-cypermethrin fazla miktarlarda kullanılmıştır. Pamuk üretim alanlarında fazla miktarda insektisit uygulanması sonucunda uygulanan bu insektisitlere karşı H. armigera’da dayanıklılık gelişimi gözlenmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 2008 yılında Türkiye’de pamukta ruhsatlı etki mekanizmaları ve grupları farklı 5 insektisit için H. armigera’nın Adana populasyonunda dayanıklılık oranlarının belirlenmesidir. Denemelerde, H. armigera örneklerinin 3.dönem larvaları kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, 5 farklı gruptan olan insektisitlerin dayanıklılık oranları topikal aplikasyon yöntemiyle belirlenmiştir. Dayanıklılık seviyeleri seviyeleri profenofos için 1.33 kat, pyridalyl için 4.8 kat,, spinosad için 3.8 kat, thiodicarb için 5 kat ve zeta-cypermethrin için 21 kat olarak belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, H. armigera Adana tarla populasyonu test edilen insektisitler içerisinde en yüksek dayanıklılık seviyesini zeta-cypermethrin’e (orta seviyede dayanıklılık) karşı göstermiştir. Ayrıca pyridalyl, spinosad ve thiodicarb’a karşı düşük seviyede dayanıklılık gösteririken, prefenofos’a karşı dayanıklılık geliştirmemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adana, Helicoverpa armigera, insektisit, dayanıklılık

Kaynakça

• Aheer, G.M., Aziz, M.A., Hameed, A. and Ali, A. 2009. Evaluation of resistance to different insecticides in field strains of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Punjab, Pakistan. Entomological Research, 39, 159–167.
• Ahmad, M., Iqbal Arif, M. and Ahmad, Z. 1995. Monitoring insecticide resistance of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Journal of Economic Entomology, 88 (4), 771-776.
• Ahmad, M., Iqbal, Arif M. and Attique, M.R. 1997. Pyrethroid resistance of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan. Bulletin of entomological research 87 (4), 343–347.
• Ahmad, M., Iqbal, Arif M. and Ahmad, Z. 2001. Resistance to carbamate insecticides in Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Pakistan, Crop Protection, 20 (5), 427–432.
• Ahmad, M., Iqbal, Arif M. and Ahmad, Z. 2003. Susceptibility of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to new chemistries in Pakistan, Crop Protection, 22 (3), 539–544.
• Anonim, 2010. Ruhsatlı Tarım İlaçları 2010. Hasad Yayıncılık, LTD. Şti. Ocak 2010, İstanbul.
• Anonim, 2012. http://www.tuik.gov.tr/VeriBilgi.do?alt_id=45 (Tekstilde kullanılan bitkiler). Erişim Tarihi: 04.01.2013.
• Anonim, 2013. http://www.adana.gov.tr/?sayfa=8&alt=tarim. Erişim Tarihi: 08.01.2013.
• Anonymous, 1970. Standard method for detections of insecticide resistance in Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and H. virescens (F.). Bulletin of Entomological Society of America, 16, 147-153.
• Dhawan, A. K., Singh, K., Singh, R. 2009. Evaluation of new insecticidal combination of pyridalyl with synthetic pyrethroid for the management of bollworm complex on cotton. Pesticide Research Journal, 21 (1), 61-63.
• Finney, D.J. 1964. Probit Analysis (2nd edition), Cambridge University Press, U.K., 318 p.
• Gunning, R.V., Moores, G.D. and Devonshire, A.L. 1997. Biochemical resistance detection in Helicoverpa armigera in Australia. Recent Resistance Development in Entomology, 1, 203-213.
• Gunning, R.V., Moores, G.D. and Devonshire, A.L. 1999. Esterase inhibitors synergise the toxicity of pyrethroids in Australian Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 63, 50–62.
• Gunning, R.V., Moores, G.D., Jewess, P., Boyes, A.L., Devonshire, A.L. and Khambay, B.P.S. 2007. Use of pyrethroid analogues to identify key structural features for enhanced-esterase resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Pest Management Science, 63 (6), 569-575.
• Karaağaç, S.U. and Konuş, M., 2012. Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)’nın hassas populasyonu üzerinde topikal biyoanaliz yöntemiyle on iki insektisit için lethal doz (LD50) değerlerinin belirlenmesi. Bitki Koruma Bülteni, 52(3), 289-298.
• Kranthi, K.R., 2005. Insecticide Resistance Monitoring, Mechanism and Management Manual. Central Institute for Cotton Research, Nagpur, India, 113-131.
• LeOra Software, 1994. POLO-PC: a user’s guide to probit or logit analysis, LeOra Software, Berkeley, CA., 28 p.
• Nimbalkar, R.K., Shinde, S.S., Tawar, D.S., Muley, S.P. 2009. Response of Cotton Bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae) to Different Insecticides in Maharashtra, India. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 5 (2), 250-255.
• Powell, G.F., Ward, D.A., Prescott, M.C., Spiller, D.G., White, M.R.H., Turner, P.C., Earley, F.G.P., Phillips, J., Rees, H.H. 2011. The molecular action of the novel insecticide, Pyridalyl. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 41(7), 459-469.
• Ramasubramanian, T. and A. Regupathy, 2004. Magnitude and mechanism of insecticide resistance in Helicoverpa armigera Hub. population of Tamil Nadu, India, Asian Journal of Plant Sciences, 3 (1), 94-100.
• Sakamoto, N., Saito, S., Hirose, T., Suzuki, M., Matsuo, S., Izumi, K., Nagatomi, T., Ikegami, H., Umeda, K., Tsushima, K. and Matsuo, N. 2004. The discovery of pyridalyl: a novel insecticidal agent for controlling lepidopterous pests. Pest. Manag. Sci., 60, 25–34.
• Torres-Vila, L.M., Rodriguez Molina, M.C., Lacasa Plasencia, A., Bielza Lino, P., Rodriguez del Rincon, A. 2002. Pyrethroid resistance of Helicoverpa armigera in Spain: current status and agroecological perspective, Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 93, 55-66.
• Ugurlu, S., Gurkan, M.O. 2007. Insecticide resistance in Helicoverpa armigera from cotton growing areas in Turkey. Phytoparasitica, 35(4), 376-379.
• Ugurlu, S., Konus, M., Isgör B., Iscan, M. 2007. Pyrethroid Resistance and Possible Involvement of Glutathione S-transferases in Helicoverpa armigera from Turkey. Phytoparasitica, 35(1), 23-26.
• Wang, D., Qiu, X., Ren, X., Fang, N., Wang, K. 2009. Resistance selection and biochemical characterization of spinosad resistance in Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 95, 90–94.
• Yang, Y., Wu, Y., Chen, S., Devine, G.J., Denholm, I., Jewess, P., Moores, G.D., 2004. The involvement of microsomal oxidases in pyrethroid resistance in Helicoverpa armigera from Asia. Insect Biochem. Mol. Biol. 34, 763-773.