Kuzey Kıbrıs’ta sık dikim sisteminde yetiştirilen ‘Picual’ ve ‘Koroneiki’ zeytin çeşitlerinin meyve ve yağ verim ve kaliteleri

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 2, 107 - 111, 25.06.2019

İbrahim Kahramanoglu

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.466015

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Kuzey Kıbrıs'ta sık dikim sisteminde
yetiştirilen “Picual” ve “Koroneiki” çeşitlerinin zeytin ve yağ verimi ve
kalitesini belirlemektir. Araştırma, Kuzey Kıbrıs'ın batısındaki Güzelyurt
şehrinde, 2013'ten (2'nci büyüme yılı) 2017'ye (6’ıncı büyüme yılı) kadar devam
eden 5 ardışık ürün yılı boyunca gerçekleştirilmiştir. Her iki çeşit de 4 x 2 m
dikim mesafesinde, toplam 1250 ağaç ha^-1'a eşit olacak şekilde
dikilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar, “Koroneiki” çeşidinin “Picual” çeşidinden
daha erkenci olduğunu ve ekimden 2 yıl sonra meyve vermeye başladığını
göstermiştir. Anca, ‘Koroneiki’ye göre daha geç verime yatan ‘Picual’ çeşidi, 5
yıl sonundaki kümülatif verimler incelendiği zaman ‘Koroneiki’yi yakaladığı
görülmüştür. Sonuçlar doğrultusunda ‘Koroneiki’nin yağ veriminin (yaş meyve ağırlığının
%'si) % 21.02'den % 22.67'ye; ‘Picual’ın yağ veriminin ise % 18.47'den %
20.13'e kadar değiştiği belirlenmiştir. ‘Picual’ çeşidinin ‘Koroneiki’ daha
düşük bir yağ verimi (yaş meyve ağırlığının %'si) olmasına karşın, ağaç başına
yağ veriminin (kg) daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Zeytin ağacı peformansı, Kümülatif zeytin verimi, Meyve ağırlığı, Serbest yağ asidi, Peroksit değeri

Yield and oil quality of ‘Picual’ and ‘Koroneiki’ olive cultivars under high density planting system in Northern Cyprus

Öz

This study aimed to determine olive and oil yield and quality
of ‘Picual’ and ‘Koroneiki’ cultivars grown in high density planting systems in
Northern Cyprus. The research was conducted in the city of Güzelyurt located in
the western part of Northern Cyprus during 5 consecutive crop years from 2013
(2^nd growing year) to 2017 (6^th growing year). Planting
distance of the two cultivars was adjusted as 4 x 2 m, equalling to 1250 trees
ha^-1. Results showed that ‘Koroneiki’ is more promising than
‘Picual’ and it starts fruit bearing 2 years after planting. The ‘Picual’
cultivar was found to be late in fruit bearing, but its yield was noted to be
significantly higher than the ‘Koroneiki’, where the cumulative yield of
‘Picual’ reached ‘Koroneiki’ in two years. Oil yield (% of fruit weight) of
‘Koroneiki’ was found to be varied from 21.02 % to 22.67 % and of ‘Picual’ from
18.47 % to 20.13 %. ‘Picual’ cultivar with less oil yield (% of fruit weight)
than ‘Koroneiki’ noted to have higher oil per tree (kg).

Anahtar Kelimeler

Olive tree performance, Cumulative olive yield, Fruit weight, Free fatty acidity, Peroxide value

Kaynakça

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