Mera Topraklarında Nem Dağılımının Konumsal ve Zamansal Değişiminin Profil Boyutunda İzlenmesi

Year 2020, Volume: 35 Issue: 2, 215 - 222, 15.06.2020

Oğuz Başkan

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.701109

Abstract

Toprak nemi hidrolojik döngü içerisinde oransal olarak çok az olmasına rağmen tarımsal üretim ve hidrolojik süreçler için anahtar öneme sahiptir. Özellikle toprak profili derinliğinde toprak neminin zamansal değişiminin izlenmesi özellikle su kısıtı gözlenen kurak ve yarı kurak alanlar için çok daha önemlidir. Proje su toplama havzalarında arazi kullanım ve profil derinliğinin nem kapsamına etkisinin belirlenmesi amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla araştırma Ankara Yenimahalle Güvenç Havzasında, mera arazisinde horizon derinlikleri dikkate alınarak profil nem örneklemesi yapılmıştır. Jeoistatistik yöntemle nem dağılım haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Araştırma sonuçları profilde nem dağılımının konumsal ve zamansal olarak değiştiğini göstermiştir. Toprak bünyesi profil derinliğiyle birlikte nem dağılımını etkileyen ön önemli faktör olarak bulunmuştur. Toprak şartlarının kuruya doğru geçişi sırasında başlangıçta topoğrafya, nem kontrol eden etmen olurken daha sonra meteorolojik şartlar etkili parametreler olarak belirlenmiştir. Bünye içerisinde kil kapsamı azaldıkça atmosferik şartların etkisi artmıştır. Sonuçlar toprak neminin konumsal ve zamansal davranışı nedeniyle tek bir ölçümle tanımlanmasının doğru olmadığını, belirsizliği azaltmak için ıslak ve kurak dönemleri içeren sürekli gözlemlerin yapılması gerektiğini göstermiştir.

Keywords

Jeoistatistik, mera, profil derinliği, toprak nemi, yarı kurak alan

Supporting Institution

Tarımsal Araştırmalar ve Politikalar Genel Müdürlüğü (TAGEM)

Monitoring spatial and temporal variation of moisture distribution in pasture soils at profile depth

Abstract

Although soil moisture is proportionally small in the hydrological cycle, it is key factor for agricultural production and hydrological processes. In particular, monitoring the temporal change of soil moisture in soil profile depth is much more important especially for arid and semi-arid areas where water constraints are observed. The project was carried out in order to determine the effect of land use and profile depth on moisture content in watersheds. For this purpose, profile moisture sampling was carried out in Ankara Yenimahalle Güvenç Basin, taking into consideration of the horizon depth in pasture land. Soil moisture distribution maps were created by geostatistical method. Research results have shown that the distribution of moisture in the profile changes spatially and temporally. Soil texture has been found as a preliminary factor affecting moisture retention along with profile depth. During the movement of soil conditions to dry, topography was the first factor controlling humidity, while later meteorological conditions were determined as effective parameters. As the clay content decreased within the soil texture, the effect of atmospheric conditions increased. The results showed that it is not correct to define soil moisture with a single measurement due to its spatial and temporal behavior, therefore continuous observations including wet and dry periods should be made to reduce uncertainty.

Keywords

Geostatistic, Pasture, Profile depth, soil moisture, semi arid area

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