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Determination of Antioxidant Activities and Phenolic Content of Some Walnut (Juglans regia L.) Cultivars

Year 2021, Volume: 36 Issue: 1, 55 - 62, 15.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.751354

Abstract

In this study phenolic contents of the four walnut cultivars (Şebin, Bilecik, Kaman, Yalova-3) originated from Turkey, antioxidant and radical scavenging activity was investigated. Total phenolic content has been determined 7.16-13.95 mg GAE g-1 and total flavonoid content between 0.73-1.11 mgQE g-1 in walnut varieties. The highest amount of both phenolic and flavonoid content were in the highest Yalova-3 cultivar. In order to determine the antioxidant activity of walnut fruit DPPH. (1,1-diphenyl-2-picril-hydrazyl), ABTS•+ (2,2´-azino-bis (3-ethyl benzthioazoline -6-sulfonic acid) and CUPRAC(cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity) methods were used. Free radical sweeping activities of walnut varieties were determined as 28.35-39.44% by DPPH method and 63.63-87.38% by ABTS method. The capacity to reduce cupric ions (Cu2 +) was found between 2.26-2.94 mMolTR g-1 by CUPRAC method. In the analysis of walnut samples by HPLC, gallic acid, catechin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, trans ferrulic acid and o-coumaric acid compounds were determined. In all analyzes the difference was found statistically very important between walnut varieties.

References

  • Akbari,V., Jamei, R., Heidari, R., Esfahlan,J., 2012. Antiradical activity of different parts of walnut (Juglans regia L.) fruit as a function of genotype. Food Chemisrty 135:2404-2410.
  • Almeida, I. F., Fernandes, E., Lima, J. L. F. C., Costa, P. C., 2008. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaf extracts are strong scavengers of pro-oxidant reactive species. Food Chem., 106, 1014–1020.
  • Anderson, K. J., Teuber, S. S., Gobeille, A., Cremin, P., Waterhouse,A. L., Steinberg, F. M., 2001. Walnut polyphenolics inhibit invitro human plasma and LDL oxidation. The Journal of Nutrition,131(11), 2837-2842. PMid:11694605.
  • Apak, R., Güçlü, K., Özyürek, M., Karademir, S.E., 2004. A Noval total antioxidant capacity index for dietary polyphenols, vitamin c and e, using their cupric ion reducing capability in the presence of neocuproine: CUPRAC Method. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52, 7970- 7981.
  • Arcan, I., Yemenicioğlu, A., 2009. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of fresh and dry nuts with or without the seed coat. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 22(3), 184-188. Arranz, S., Jimenez, J. P., Saura-Calixto, F., 2008. Antioxidant capacity of walnut (Juglans regia L.): Contribution of oil and defatted matter. Eur. Food Res. Technol., 227, 425-431. Aruoma, O. I., 1998. Freeradicals, oxidativestress, andantioxidants in humanhealthanddisease. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 75, 199–212.
  • Bi, D.,Zhao, Y., Jiang, R., Wang, Y., Tian, Y., Chen, X., She, G., 2016. Phytochemistry, bioactivity and potential impact on health of Juglans: theoriginal plant of walnut. Natural Product Communications, 11(6), 1934578X1601100643.
  • Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M. E., Berset, C., 1995. Use of a free-radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Food Science Technology-Leb. 28, 25-30.
  • Carey, A.N., Poulose, S.M., Shukitt-Hale, B., 2012. The beneficial effects of tree nuts on the aging brain, Nutrition and Aging, 1(1): 55-67 (2012).
  • Cerit, İ., Sarıçam, A., Demirkol, O.İ, Ünver, H., Sakar, E., Coşansu, S., 2017. Comparative study of functional properties of eight walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes. Food Science and Technology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.2051.
  • Chatrabnous, N.,Yazdani, N., Vahdati, K., 2018. Determination of nutritional value and oxidative stability of fresh walnut. Journal of Nuts, 9(1), 11-20.
  • Cheniany, M., Ebrahimzadeh, H., Vahdati, K., Preece, J. E., Masoudinejad, A., Mirmasoumi, M., 2013. Content of different groups of phenolic compounds in microshoots of Juglans regia cultivars and studies on antioxidant activity. ActaPhysiol. Plant., 35, 443–450., Esen, Ö.B., 2013. Health related properties of different parts of walnut. Istanbul Technical University Graduate School of Science. Food Engineering Programme master thesis
  • Estruch, R.,Ros, E., Salas-Salvad_O, J., Covas, M.-I., Corella, D., Aros, F., 2013. Primary prevention of cardiovasculardisease with a mediterranean diet. N. Engl. J. Med. 368:1279–1290.
  • Fernández-Agulló, A., Pereira, E. Freire, M. S., Valentao, P., Andrade, P. B., González-Álvarez, J., Pereira, J., 2013. Influence of solvent on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husks extracts. Ind. CropsProd., 42, 126–132.
  • Figueroa, F., Marhuenda,J., Zafrilla, P., Villaño, D., Martínez-Cachá, A., Tejada,L., Cerdá, B., Mulero, J., 2017. High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector determination and availability of phenolic compounds in 10 genotypes of walnuts. International Journal of Food Properties 20:5 (1074-1084).
  • Frankel, E. N., Meyer, A. S., 2000. The problems of using one-dimensional methods to evaluate multifunctional food and biological antioxidants. J. Sci. Food Agric., 80, 1925–1941.
  • Gülçin, İ., 2012. Antioxidant activity of food constituents: an overview. Archives of Toxicology , 86(3), 345-391.
  • Haddad, E. H., Gaban-Chong, N., Oda, K., Sabaté, J. 2014. Effect of a walnut meal on post prandial oxidative stress and antioxidants in healthy individuals. Nutritionjournal, 13(1), 4.
  • Halliwell, B., 1994. Free radicals and antioxidants: A personal view. Nutrition Rewievs, 52, 253-265.
  • Konstantinidou, V., Covas, M.-I., Mu~noz-Aguayo, D., Khymenets, O., de la Torre, R., Saez, G., 2010. Invivo nutrigenomic effects of virgin olive oil polyphenols within the frame of the Mediterranean diet: A randomized controlled trial. FASEB J. 24:2546–2557.
  • Labuckas, D. O., Maestri, D. M., Perelló, M., Martínez, M. L., Lamarque, A. L., 2008. Phenolics from walnut (Juglans regia L.) kernels: antioxidant activity and interactions with proteins. Food Chem., 107, 607–612.
  • Lee, J.. Koo, N., Min, D. B., 2004. Reactive oxygen species, aging, and antioxidative nutraceuticals. comprehensive reviews in food. Science and Food Safety; 3: 21- 33
  • Li, S.-C., Liu, Y.-H., Liu, J.-F., Chang, W.-H., Chen, C.-M. and Chen, C.-Y. O. 2011. Almond consumption improved glycemic control and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism. 60:474– 479.
  • Murase, T., Misawa, K., Minegishi, Y., Aoki, M., Ominami, H., Suzuki, Y., 2011. Coffee polyphenols suppress diet-induced body fat accumulation by down-regulating SREBP-1c and related molecules in C57BL/6J mice. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 300: E122–E133.
  • Özgen, M., Reese, R., 2006. Modified 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-sulfonic acid (abts) method to measure antioxidant capacity of selected small fruits and comparison to ferric. Journal of Agricultural Food Science and Technology, 1151-1157.
  • Pereira, J. A., Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Ferreira, I. C., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., 2008. Bioactive properties and chemical composition of six walnut (Juglansregia L.) cultivars. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(6), 2103-2111. PMid:18334279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. fct.2008.02.002.
  • Persic, M., Mikulic-Petkovsek, M., Slatnar,A., Solar, A., Veberic, R., 2018. Changes in phenolic profiles of red-colored pellicle walnut and hazelnut kernel during ripening. Food Chemistry 252: 349-355.
  • Pokorny, J., Yanishlieva, N., And Gordon, M., 2001. Antioxidants In Food, CRC Press, ISBN: 9781855736160, USA.
  • Reiter R.J., Manchester L.C., Tan D.X., 2005. Melatonin in walnuts: influence on levels of melatonin and total antioxidant capacity of blood, Nutrition, 21(9): 920-924.
  • Samaranayaka, A. G. P., John, J. A., Shahidi, F., 2008. Antioxidant activity of english walnut (Juglans regia L.). Journal of Food Lipids 15 : 384–397.
  • Sánchez-González, C., Ciudad, C. J., Noe, V., Izquierdo-Pulido, M., 2017. Health benefits of walnut polyphenols: An exploration beyond their lipid profile. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 57(16), 3373-3383.
  • Sen S. M., 2011. Walnut, cultivation, nutritionalvalue, folklore (4th Ed.) (in Turkish). ICC Publication, Ankara, Turkey, pp. 220.
  • Singleton, V.L., Rossi, J.A., 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybidic- phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16(3), 144-158
  • Slatnar,A., Mikulic-Petkovsek,A., Stampar, F., Veberic, R., Anita Solar, A., 2015. Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in kernels, oil and bagasse pellets of common walnut (Juglans regia L.) Food Research International 67:255-263.
  • Şen, S.M., Karadeniz, T., 2015.The nutritional value of walnut, Journal of Hygienic Engineering and Design, 11: 68-71.
  • Şen, S. M., 2011. Ceviz Yetiştiriciliği-Besin Değeri-Folklorü. ÜÇM yayıncılık. Ankara.169-170 s.
  • Şen, S., 2015. Ceviz ye sağlıklı yaşa. ÜÇM Yayıncılık.Ankara
  • Vital, A. C. P., Croge, C., Gomes-da-Costa, S. M., Matumoto-Pintro, P. T., 2017. Effect of addition of agaricus blazei mushroom residue to milk enriched with omega-3 on the prevention of lipid oxidation and bioavailability of bioactive compounds after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(6), 1483–1490.
  • Vu, D.C., Vo,P.C., Coggeshall, M.V., Lin, C.H., 2018. Identification and characterization of phenolic compounds in black walnut kernels. J Agric Gıda Chem. 66 (17): 4503-4511. doi: 10.1021 / acs.jafc.8b01181.
  • Wang, C. L., Zhang, W. E., Pan, X. J., 2014. Nutritional quality of the walnut male ınflorescences at four flowering stages. J Food Nutr. Res. 2014, 2, 457–464.
  • Yin, T. P., Cai, L., Chen, Y., Li, Y., Wang, Y. R., Liu, C. S., Ding, Z. T., 2015 Tannins and antioxidant activities of the walnut (Juglans regia) pellicle. Natural Product Communications, 10(12), 1934578X1501001232.
  • Zhang,Z., Liao, L., Moore, J., Wua,T., Wang. Z., 2009. Antioxidant phenolic compounds from walnut kernels (Juglans regia L.) Food Chemistry 113: 160–165

Bazı Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Çeşitlerinin Antioksidant Aktiviteleri ve Fenolik Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 36 Issue: 1, 55 - 62, 15.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.751354

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Türkiye orijinli dört ceviz çeşidinden (Şebin, Bilecik, Kaman, Yalova-3) alınan meyvelerin fenolik madde içerikleri, antioksidan ve serbest radikal giderme aktiviteleri araştırılmıştır. Meyvelerdeki toplam fenolik madde miktarı 7.16-13.95 mg GAE g-1 arasında ve toplam flavonoid madde miktarı 0.73-1.11 mgQE g-1 arasında belirlenmiştir. Hem fenolik hem de flavonoid maddenin en yüksek miktarı Yalova-3 çeşidinde tespit edilmiştir. Ceviz meyvelerinin antioksidan aktivitesinin belirlenmesi amacıyla DPPH. (1,1-difenil-2-pikril-hidrazil), ABTS•+ (2,2´-azino-bis (3-etil benztiyoazolin -6-sülfonik asit) ve CUPRAC (cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity) olmak üzere üç yöntem kullanılmıştır. Çeşitlerin serbest radikali süpürme aktiviteleri DPPH. yönteminde %28.35-39.44, ABTS•+ yönteminde %63.63-87.38 olarak tespit edilmiştir. Kuprik iyonlarını (Cu2+) indirgeme kapasitesi CUPRAC yöntemi ile 2.26-2.94 mMolTR g-1 arasında bulunmuştur. Meyve örneklerinin HPLC ile yapılan içerik analizlerinde bileşik olarak gallik asit, kateşin, kafeik asit, p-kumarik asit, trans ferulik asit ve orto-kumarik asit tespit edilmiştir. Tüm analizlerde ceviz çeşitleri arasındaki fark istatistiki olarak çok önemli bulunmuştur.

References

  • Akbari,V., Jamei, R., Heidari, R., Esfahlan,J., 2012. Antiradical activity of different parts of walnut (Juglans regia L.) fruit as a function of genotype. Food Chemisrty 135:2404-2410.
  • Almeida, I. F., Fernandes, E., Lima, J. L. F. C., Costa, P. C., 2008. Walnut (Juglans regia L.) leaf extracts are strong scavengers of pro-oxidant reactive species. Food Chem., 106, 1014–1020.
  • Anderson, K. J., Teuber, S. S., Gobeille, A., Cremin, P., Waterhouse,A. L., Steinberg, F. M., 2001. Walnut polyphenolics inhibit invitro human plasma and LDL oxidation. The Journal of Nutrition,131(11), 2837-2842. PMid:11694605.
  • Apak, R., Güçlü, K., Özyürek, M., Karademir, S.E., 2004. A Noval total antioxidant capacity index for dietary polyphenols, vitamin c and e, using their cupric ion reducing capability in the presence of neocuproine: CUPRAC Method. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52, 7970- 7981.
  • Arcan, I., Yemenicioğlu, A., 2009. Antioxidant activity and phenolic content of fresh and dry nuts with or without the seed coat. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 22(3), 184-188. Arranz, S., Jimenez, J. P., Saura-Calixto, F., 2008. Antioxidant capacity of walnut (Juglans regia L.): Contribution of oil and defatted matter. Eur. Food Res. Technol., 227, 425-431. Aruoma, O. I., 1998. Freeradicals, oxidativestress, andantioxidants in humanhealthanddisease. Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society, 75, 199–212.
  • Bi, D.,Zhao, Y., Jiang, R., Wang, Y., Tian, Y., Chen, X., She, G., 2016. Phytochemistry, bioactivity and potential impact on health of Juglans: theoriginal plant of walnut. Natural Product Communications, 11(6), 1934578X1601100643.
  • Brand-Williams, W., Cuvelier, M. E., Berset, C., 1995. Use of a free-radical method to evaluate antioxidant activity. Food Science Technology-Leb. 28, 25-30.
  • Carey, A.N., Poulose, S.M., Shukitt-Hale, B., 2012. The beneficial effects of tree nuts on the aging brain, Nutrition and Aging, 1(1): 55-67 (2012).
  • Cerit, İ., Sarıçam, A., Demirkol, O.İ, Ünver, H., Sakar, E., Coşansu, S., 2017. Comparative study of functional properties of eight walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes. Food Science and Technology. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-457X.2051.
  • Chatrabnous, N.,Yazdani, N., Vahdati, K., 2018. Determination of nutritional value and oxidative stability of fresh walnut. Journal of Nuts, 9(1), 11-20.
  • Cheniany, M., Ebrahimzadeh, H., Vahdati, K., Preece, J. E., Masoudinejad, A., Mirmasoumi, M., 2013. Content of different groups of phenolic compounds in microshoots of Juglans regia cultivars and studies on antioxidant activity. ActaPhysiol. Plant., 35, 443–450., Esen, Ö.B., 2013. Health related properties of different parts of walnut. Istanbul Technical University Graduate School of Science. Food Engineering Programme master thesis
  • Estruch, R.,Ros, E., Salas-Salvad_O, J., Covas, M.-I., Corella, D., Aros, F., 2013. Primary prevention of cardiovasculardisease with a mediterranean diet. N. Engl. J. Med. 368:1279–1290.
  • Fernández-Agulló, A., Pereira, E. Freire, M. S., Valentao, P., Andrade, P. B., González-Álvarez, J., Pereira, J., 2013. Influence of solvent on the antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of walnut (Juglans regia L.) green husks extracts. Ind. CropsProd., 42, 126–132.
  • Figueroa, F., Marhuenda,J., Zafrilla, P., Villaño, D., Martínez-Cachá, A., Tejada,L., Cerdá, B., Mulero, J., 2017. High-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector determination and availability of phenolic compounds in 10 genotypes of walnuts. International Journal of Food Properties 20:5 (1074-1084).
  • Frankel, E. N., Meyer, A. S., 2000. The problems of using one-dimensional methods to evaluate multifunctional food and biological antioxidants. J. Sci. Food Agric., 80, 1925–1941.
  • Gülçin, İ., 2012. Antioxidant activity of food constituents: an overview. Archives of Toxicology , 86(3), 345-391.
  • Haddad, E. H., Gaban-Chong, N., Oda, K., Sabaté, J. 2014. Effect of a walnut meal on post prandial oxidative stress and antioxidants in healthy individuals. Nutritionjournal, 13(1), 4.
  • Halliwell, B., 1994. Free radicals and antioxidants: A personal view. Nutrition Rewievs, 52, 253-265.
  • Konstantinidou, V., Covas, M.-I., Mu~noz-Aguayo, D., Khymenets, O., de la Torre, R., Saez, G., 2010. Invivo nutrigenomic effects of virgin olive oil polyphenols within the frame of the Mediterranean diet: A randomized controlled trial. FASEB J. 24:2546–2557.
  • Labuckas, D. O., Maestri, D. M., Perelló, M., Martínez, M. L., Lamarque, A. L., 2008. Phenolics from walnut (Juglans regia L.) kernels: antioxidant activity and interactions with proteins. Food Chem., 107, 607–612.
  • Lee, J.. Koo, N., Min, D. B., 2004. Reactive oxygen species, aging, and antioxidative nutraceuticals. comprehensive reviews in food. Science and Food Safety; 3: 21- 33
  • Li, S.-C., Liu, Y.-H., Liu, J.-F., Chang, W.-H., Chen, C.-M. and Chen, C.-Y. O. 2011. Almond consumption improved glycemic control and lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism. 60:474– 479.
  • Murase, T., Misawa, K., Minegishi, Y., Aoki, M., Ominami, H., Suzuki, Y., 2011. Coffee polyphenols suppress diet-induced body fat accumulation by down-regulating SREBP-1c and related molecules in C57BL/6J mice. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 300: E122–E133.
  • Özgen, M., Reese, R., 2006. Modified 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-sulfonic acid (abts) method to measure antioxidant capacity of selected small fruits and comparison to ferric. Journal of Agricultural Food Science and Technology, 1151-1157.
  • Pereira, J. A., Oliveira, I., Sousa, A., Ferreira, I. C., Bento, A., Estevinho, L., 2008. Bioactive properties and chemical composition of six walnut (Juglansregia L.) cultivars. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 46(6), 2103-2111. PMid:18334279. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j. fct.2008.02.002.
  • Persic, M., Mikulic-Petkovsek, M., Slatnar,A., Solar, A., Veberic, R., 2018. Changes in phenolic profiles of red-colored pellicle walnut and hazelnut kernel during ripening. Food Chemistry 252: 349-355.
  • Pokorny, J., Yanishlieva, N., And Gordon, M., 2001. Antioxidants In Food, CRC Press, ISBN: 9781855736160, USA.
  • Reiter R.J., Manchester L.C., Tan D.X., 2005. Melatonin in walnuts: influence on levels of melatonin and total antioxidant capacity of blood, Nutrition, 21(9): 920-924.
  • Samaranayaka, A. G. P., John, J. A., Shahidi, F., 2008. Antioxidant activity of english walnut (Juglans regia L.). Journal of Food Lipids 15 : 384–397.
  • Sánchez-González, C., Ciudad, C. J., Noe, V., Izquierdo-Pulido, M., 2017. Health benefits of walnut polyphenols: An exploration beyond their lipid profile. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 57(16), 3373-3383.
  • Sen S. M., 2011. Walnut, cultivation, nutritionalvalue, folklore (4th Ed.) (in Turkish). ICC Publication, Ankara, Turkey, pp. 220.
  • Singleton, V.L., Rossi, J.A., 1965. Colorimetry of total phenolics with phosphomolybidic- phosphotungstic acid reagents. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture, 16(3), 144-158
  • Slatnar,A., Mikulic-Petkovsek,A., Stampar, F., Veberic, R., Anita Solar, A., 2015. Identification and quantification of phenolic compounds in kernels, oil and bagasse pellets of common walnut (Juglans regia L.) Food Research International 67:255-263.
  • Şen, S.M., Karadeniz, T., 2015.The nutritional value of walnut, Journal of Hygienic Engineering and Design, 11: 68-71.
  • Şen, S. M., 2011. Ceviz Yetiştiriciliği-Besin Değeri-Folklorü. ÜÇM yayıncılık. Ankara.169-170 s.
  • Şen, S., 2015. Ceviz ye sağlıklı yaşa. ÜÇM Yayıncılık.Ankara
  • Vital, A. C. P., Croge, C., Gomes-da-Costa, S. M., Matumoto-Pintro, P. T., 2017. Effect of addition of agaricus blazei mushroom residue to milk enriched with omega-3 on the prevention of lipid oxidation and bioavailability of bioactive compounds after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 52(6), 1483–1490.
  • Vu, D.C., Vo,P.C., Coggeshall, M.V., Lin, C.H., 2018. Identification and characterization of phenolic compounds in black walnut kernels. J Agric Gıda Chem. 66 (17): 4503-4511. doi: 10.1021 / acs.jafc.8b01181.
  • Wang, C. L., Zhang, W. E., Pan, X. J., 2014. Nutritional quality of the walnut male ınflorescences at four flowering stages. J Food Nutr. Res. 2014, 2, 457–464.
  • Yin, T. P., Cai, L., Chen, Y., Li, Y., Wang, Y. R., Liu, C. S., Ding, Z. T., 2015 Tannins and antioxidant activities of the walnut (Juglans regia) pellicle. Natural Product Communications, 10(12), 1934578X1501001232.
  • Zhang,Z., Liao, L., Moore, J., Wua,T., Wang. Z., 2009. Antioxidant phenolic compounds from walnut kernels (Juglans regia L.) Food Chemistry 113: 160–165
There are 41 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi
Authors

Ersin Gülsoy 0000-0002-4217-0695

Elif Kaya 0000-0001-9052-5924

Ayşe Türkhan 0000-0002-2195-9435

Publication Date February 15, 2021
Acceptance Date October 12, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 36 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gülsoy, E., Kaya, E., & Türkhan, A. (2021). Bazı Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Çeşitlerinin Antioksidant Aktiviteleri ve Fenolik Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, 36(1), 55-62. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.751354
AMA Gülsoy E, Kaya E, Türkhan A. Bazı Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Çeşitlerinin Antioksidant Aktiviteleri ve Fenolik Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi. ANAJAS. February 2021;36(1):55-62. doi:10.7161/omuanajas.751354
Chicago Gülsoy, Ersin, Elif Kaya, and Ayşe Türkhan. “Bazı Ceviz (Juglans Regia L.) Çeşitlerinin Antioksidant Aktiviteleri Ve Fenolik Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 36, no. 1 (February 2021): 55-62. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.751354.
EndNote Gülsoy E, Kaya E, Türkhan A (February 1, 2021) Bazı Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Çeşitlerinin Antioksidant Aktiviteleri ve Fenolik Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 36 1 55–62.
IEEE E. Gülsoy, E. Kaya, and A. Türkhan, “Bazı Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Çeşitlerinin Antioksidant Aktiviteleri ve Fenolik Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi”, ANAJAS, vol. 36, no. 1, pp. 55–62, 2021, doi: 10.7161/omuanajas.751354.
ISNAD Gülsoy, Ersin et al. “Bazı Ceviz (Juglans Regia L.) Çeşitlerinin Antioksidant Aktiviteleri Ve Fenolik Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi 36/1 (February 2021), 55-62. https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.751354.
JAMA Gülsoy E, Kaya E, Türkhan A. Bazı Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Çeşitlerinin Antioksidant Aktiviteleri ve Fenolik Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi. ANAJAS. 2021;36:55–62.
MLA Gülsoy, Ersin et al. “Bazı Ceviz (Juglans Regia L.) Çeşitlerinin Antioksidant Aktiviteleri Ve Fenolik Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi”. Anadolu Tarım Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 36, no. 1, 2021, pp. 55-62, doi:10.7161/omuanajas.751354.
Vancouver Gülsoy E, Kaya E, Türkhan A. Bazı Ceviz (Juglans regia L.) Çeşitlerinin Antioksidant Aktiviteleri ve Fenolik Madde İçeriklerinin Belirlenmesi. ANAJAS. 2021;36(1):55-62.
Online ISSN: 1308-8769