THE EFFECT OF BOSU, KANGOO JUMP, NINTENDO-Wii BALANCE BOARD TRAININGS ON AGILITY IN HEARING IMPAIRED SEDENTARY

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to determine the effect of different balance training on the agility variables of hearing impaired female sedentaries. 51 hearing impaired female students between the ages of 14-22 were included. We have created training groups who hearing impairment close to each others. Nintendo-wii, (n=13), Bosu (n=13), Kangoo Jumps (n=15) and control group (n=10). The training groups received 60 minutes of training for 2 days a week for 8 weeks. The control group, on the other hand, continued its daily education programs by not participating in any activities. Hexagonal Obstacle Test ’was used to measure agility score. Arithmetic mean and standard deviation values were determined in order to define the age, height, weight and hearing impairment levels of the participants. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to examine whether there was a significant difference between the pre-test measurements of the groups, and Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to observe the change between pre-test and post-test measurements. The dynamic balance pre-test and post-test values of all groups were compared by means of two-way analysis of variance for repeated measures. End of the 8-week training programs, the agility scores of the Nintendo-Wii, Kangoo Jumps and Bosu groups were found to be significantly different in favor of the post-test between the pre-test and post-test mean scores. To conclude effect size we used Eta square test. As a result of this, training with the Bosu ball was found to improve agility values, but not as much effect size as Nintendo and Kangoo Jump shoes. We recommend the use of these equipment that improve agility skills in individuals with hearing impairment, but it is thought that better results will be obtained if longer training programs are implemented.

Keywords

• Hearing Impaired
• Agility
• Nintendo-Wii
• Bosu Ball
• Kangoo Jumps Shoes

BOSU, KANGOO JUMP, NINTENDO-Wii BALANCE BOARD ANTRENMANLARININ İŞİTME ENGELLİ SEDANTERLERDE ÇEVİKLİK ÜZERİNE ETKİSİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, farklı denge eğitimlerinin işitme engelli kadın sedanterlerin çeviklik değişkenleri üzerindeki etkisinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. 14-22 yaş arası 51 işitme engelli kız öğrenci dahil edildi. İşitme engel düzeyleri birbirine yakın antrenman grupları oluşturuldu. Nintendo-wii, (n = 13), Bosu (n = 13), Kangoo Jumps (n = 15) ve kontrol grubu (n = 10). Antrenman grupları 8 hafta boyunca haftada 2 gün 60 dakika eğitim aldı. Kontrol grubu ise herhangi bir faaliyete katılmayarak günlük eğitim programlarına devam etti. Çeviklik puanını ölçmek için Altıgen Çeviklik Testi kullanıldı. Katılımcıların yaş, boy, kilo ve işitme bozukluğu düzeylerini belirlemek için aritmetik ortalama ve standart sapma değerleri belirlendi. Grupların ön test ölçümleri arasında anlamlı bir fark olup olmadığını incelemek için Kruskal-Wallis testi, ön test ve son test ölçümleri arasındaki değişimi gözlemlemek için Wilcoxon işaretli sıra testi kullanıldı. Tüm grupların dinamik denge ön test ve son test değerleri, tekrarlanan ölçümler için iki yönlü varyans analizi ile karşılaştırıldı. 8 haftalık eğitim programlarının sonunda Nintendo-wii, Kangoo Jumps ve Bosu gruplarının çeviklik puanlarının ön test ve son test puan ortalamaları arasında son test lehine anlamlı derecede farklı olduğu görülmüştür. Etki büyüklüğüne bakmak için Eta kare testi kullandık. Bunun bir sonucu olarak, Bosu topuyla yapılan antrenmanın çeviklik değerlerini artırdığı, ancak Nintendo-wii ve Kangoo Jumps ayakkabılarının etkisi kadar büyük olmadığı bulundu. İşitme engelli bireylerde çeviklik becerilerini geliştiren bu ekipmanların kullanılması önerilmektedir ancak daha uzun eğitim programları uygulanırsa daha iyi sonuçlar alınacağı düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

• İşitme Engelliler
• Çeviklik
• Nintendo-wii
• Bosu Topu

References

1. Akın, M., Durmuş, A. (2014). The effect of training kangoo jump shoes on the balance next strength and shots ratıo in women basketball players. 7-9 November 2014. 13. Sports Science Congress, Konya.
2. Azevedo, M.G. & Samelli, A.G. (2009). Comparative study of balance on deaf and hearing children. Rev CEFAC, 11(1), 85-91.
3. Baltaretu, I. (2015). Physical activity and emotional life adjustments a study of kangoo jumps training effects. Romanian Journal of Experimental Applied Psychology, 6(1). 74-87.
4. Brown, L.E., Ferrigno, V., & Santana, J. C. (2000). Speed, agility, and quickness training. Human Kinetics.
5. Butterfield, S.A. (1991). Influence of age, sex, hearing loss, and balance on development of running by deaf children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 73(2), 624-626. doi:10.2466/pms.1991.73.2.624
6. Cetin, S.Y., Erel, S., & Bas Aslan, U. (2020). The effect of Tai Chi on balance and functional mobility in children with congenital sensorineural hearing loss. Disability and Rehabilitation, 42(12), 1736-1743. doi: 10.1080/09638288.2018.1535629
7. Chang, Y.C., Hsu, C.T., Ho, W.H., & Kuo, Y.T. (2016). The effect of static balance enhance by table tennis training intervening on deaf children. International Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 10(6), 356-359. doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1125573
8. Cobb, S.V.G. (1999). Measurement of postural stability before and after immersion in a virtual environment. Applied Ergonomics, 30(1), 47-57. doi: 10.1016/S0003-6870(98)00038-6

9. Davaran, M., Elmıeh, A., Arazı, H., (2014) The Effect of a Combined (plyometric-sprint) Training Program on Strength, Speed, Power and Agility of Karate-ka male athletes. Research Journal of Sport Sciences, 2(2), 38-44.
10. De Bruin, E.D., Schoene, D., Pichierri, G., Smith, S.T. (2010). Use of virtual reality technique for the training of motor control in the elderly-Some theoretical considerations, Zeitschriftfür Gerontologie und Geriatrie,43, 229-234. doi:10.1007/s00391-010-0124-7
11. de Sousa, A.M.M., de França Barros, J. ve de Sousa Neto, B. M. (2012). Postural control in children with typical development and children with profound hearing loss. International Journal of General Medicine, 5, 433. doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S28693
12. Demir, A., & Akın, M., (2018). Aktif Video Oyunları ve Wobble Board Denge Antrenmanının 6 Yaş Çocuklarda Dinamik Dengeye Etkisinin Karşılaştırılması. Gaziantep Üniversitesi Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 3(4),109-121. doi: 10.31680/gaunjss.461858
13. deOliveira, R.F., deOliveira, P.D., Szezerbaty, S.K.F., deOliveira, L.C., DeAlmeida, J.S., Gil, A.W.D., ... & DeOliveira, R.G. (2014). Effect of running exercise with and without the use of equipment Kangoo Jumps, in postural control: a case study. Manual Therapy, Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal= Revista Manual Therapy, 12. doi: 10.17784/mtprehabjournal.2014.12.179
14. Eleni, F., Paraskevı, G., Dımıtrıos, K., Nıckoletta, A., Vassilios, T. ve Charalampos, T. (2002). Effect of rhythmic gymnastic on the balance of children with deafness, EUR. J. of Special Needs Education, Vol. 17, No. 3. 301-309. doi: 10.1080/08856250210162211
15. Elioz, M., Erim, V., Küçük, H. Karakaş, F. (2016). Hareket algılayıcı bilgisayar oyunlarının beceri öğretimine etkisi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(1), 13-18.
16. Erkmen, N., Suveren, S., Göktepe, A. S., & Yazıcıoğlu, K. (2007). Farklı Branşlardaki Sporcuların Denge Performanslarının Karşılaştırılması. Spormetre Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(3), 115-122. doi: 10.1501/Sporm_0000000080
17. Ertürk, B. (2003). İşitme engelli çocukların ailelerine öneriler. Ankara, Başbakanlık Özürlüler İdaresi Başkanlığı.
18. Gabell, A., & Simons, M. A. (1982). Balance coding. Physiotherapy, 68(9), 286.
19. George, A., Rohr, L., & Byrne, J. (2016). Impact of Nintendo Wii games on physical literacy in children: Motor skills, physical fitness, activity behaviors, and knowledge. Sports, 4(1), 3. doi: 10.3390/sports4010003
20. Germina, C., Roxana, D., Eliana, L., Alina, A., & Alexandru, C. (2015). Aerobic gymnastics on kangoo-jumps boots and its impact on students'fitness. Ovidius University Annals, Series Physical Education and Sport/Science, Movement and Health, 15(2 S1), 294-300.
21. Gheysen, F., Loots G., & van Waelvelde, H. (2008). Motor development of deaf children with and without cochlear implants. Journal of Deaf Studies and Deaf Education, 13(2), 215-224. doi: 10.1093/deafed/enm053
22. Gioftsidou, A., Vernadakis, N., Malliou, P., Batzios, S., Sofokleous, P., Antoniou, P., ... & Godolias, G. (2013). Typical balance exercises or exergames for balance improvement?, Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation, 26(3), 299-305. doi: 10.3233/BMR-130384
23. https://www.nintendo.com/ Erişim tarihi:01.03.2021
24. Huxham, F.E., Goldie, P.A., & Patla, A.E. (2001). Theoretical considerations in balance assessment. Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 47(2), 89-100. doi: 10.1016/S0004-9514(14)60300-7
25. Kaya, M. ve Sarıtaş, N. (2019). A comparison of the effects of balance training and technological games on balance in hearing-ımpaired individuals. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 7(3S), 48-53. doi: 10.11114/jets.v7i3S.4055
26. Kesilmiş, İ., Akın, M., & Kesilmiş, M. M. (2018). The Effect of Kangoo Jumps On Dynamic Balance Ability and Strength in Badminton Players. ERPA 2018, 536.
27. Kır, R. (2017). 11-15 yaş arası tenis sporcularında kor antrenman programının kuvvet, sürat, çeviklik ve denge üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi. Doktora Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi. Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Anabilim Dalı. Ankara.
28. Kliem, A., & Wiemeyer, J. (2010). Comparison of a traditional and a video game based balance training program. International Journal of Computer Science in Sport, 9(2), 80-91.
29. Korkmaz, C., Akın, M. (2019). 9-14 Yaş Grubu İşitme Engelli Sedanterlerde Nintendo-Wii Balance Board Antrenmanlarının Dinamik Denge Üzerine Etkisi [Effect of Nintendo-Wii Balance Board Training on Dynamic Balance in Between 9-14 Age Hearing Impaired Sedentaries], Spor Eğitim Dergisi, 3 (3), 01-10.
30. Lubetzky-Vilnai, A., McCoy, S. W., Price, R., & Ciol, M. A. (2015). Young adults largely depend on vision for postural control when standing on a BOSU ball but not on foam. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 29(10), 2907-2918. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000000935
31. Mackenzie, B. (2002). Hexagonal Obstacle Test. Retrieved from http://www.brianmac.co.uk/hexagonal.htm
32. Majlesi, M., Farahpour, N., Azadian, E. ve Amini, M. (2014). The effect of interventional proprioceptive training on static balance and gait in deaf children. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 35, 3562-3567. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.09.001
33. Melo, R.D.S., Lemos, A., Macky, C.F.D.S.T., Raposo, M.C.F. ve Ferraz, K. M. (2015). Postural control assessment in students with normal hearing and sensorineural hearing loss. Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology, 81(4), 431-438. doi: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2014.08.014
34. Mhatre, P.V., Vilares, I., Stibb, S.M., Albert, M.V., Pickering, L., Marciniak, C.M., et al. (2013). Wii Fit balance board playing improves balance and gait in Parkinson disease. PM&R, 5, 769-777. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.05.019
35. Mizuno, Y., Shindo, M., Kuno, S., Kawakita, T., & Watanabe, S. (2001). Postural control responses sitting on unstable board during visual stimulation. Acta Astronautica, 49(3-10), 131-136. doi: 10.1016/S0094-5765(01)00089-3
36. Mokrova, T, Bryukhanova, N., Osıpov, A., Zhavner, T., Lobıneva, E., Nıkolaeva, A., Vapaeva, A., Fedorova, P. (2018) Possible effective use of Kangoo Jump complexes during the physical education of young students. Journal of Physical Education and Sport, (46), 342 – 348. doi:10.7752/jpes.2018.s146
37. Nacaroglu, E., & Karakoc, O. (2018). Effects of Eight Week Plyometric Study on the Balance Performance of Hearing Impaired Athletes. International Education Studies, 11(6), 1-7. doi: 10.5539/ies.v11n6p1
38. Polat, E. (2008). İşitme Engelli Güreşçilerle Sağlıklı Güreşçilerin Dinamik Dengelerinin Karşılaştırılması Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Dumlupınar Üniversitesi, Kütahya.
39. Rine, R.M., Braswell, J., Fisher, D., Joyce, K., Kalar, K. ve Shaffer, M. (2004). Improvement of motor development and postural control following intervention in children with sensorineural hearing loss and vestibular impairment. International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology, 68(9), 1141-1148. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2004.04.007
40. Scheffe, H. (1959). The analysis of variance. New York: John Wiley press.
41. Sheppard, J.M. and Young, W.B. (2006). Agility literature review: Classifications, training and testing. Journal of sports sciences, 24(9), 919-932. doi: 10.1080/02640410500457109
42. Sınar, D.S., Akın, M. (2015). Kangoo Jump ile Yapılan Antrenmanın Kız Atletlerde Sprint ve Durarak Uzun Atlama Üzerine Olan Etkisinin İncelenmesi. 10-13 Eylül 2015, Uluslararası Spor Bilimleri Araştırma Kongresi, Çanakkale.
43. Singh, A., Boyat, A.V., & Sandhu, J.S. (2015). Effect of a 6 week plyometric training pro-gram on agility, vertical jump height and peak torque ratio of Indian Tae-kwondo players. Sport Exerc Med Open J, 1(2), 42-46. doi: 10.17140/SEMOJ-1-107
44. Smits-Engelsman, B.C., Jelsma, L.D., & Ferguson, G.D. (2017). The effect of exergames on functional strength, anaerobic fitness, balance and agility in children with and without motor coordination difficulties living in low-income communities. Human Movement Science, 55, 327-337. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2016.07.006
45. Spaniol F., Flores J., Bonnette R, Melrose D. ve Ocker L. (2010). The relationship between speed and agility of professional arena league football players Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 24(1). doi: 10.1097/01.JSC.0000367217.41032.6c
46. Tabachnick, B.G., Fidell, L.S., & Ullman, J.B. (2007).Using multivariate statistics (Vol. 5). Boston, MA: Pearson., 210-211.
47. Taylor, M.J.D., Shawis, T., Impson, R., Ewins, K., McCormick, D., & Griffin, M. (2012). Nintendo Wii As a Training Tool in Falls Prevention Rehabilitation: Case Studies. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 60, 1781-1783. doi: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2012.04122.x
48. Topuz, B., & Bostancı, İ. (1997). Kulak-burun-boğaz hastalıkları teşhis ve tedavi. Basım Ajans.
49. Vance, J., & Mercer, J.A. (2001). Impact forces during running in a novel spring boot. In Proceedings of the 25th Annual Meeting of the American Society of Biomechanics, San Diego (Vol. 109).
50. Yaggie, J.A., & Campbell, B.M. (2006). Effects of balance training on selected skills. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research, 20(2), 422-428.